Macroecologia de corujas (Aves: Strigiformes) da América do Sul
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Data
1999-06
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Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia
Resumo
Macroecology is the study of the relationships among ecological variables in large scales of space and time. ln this paper, the macroecological relationship between body size and geographic range size was analyzed for 29 species of South American owls (Strigiformes). This relationship followed the Brown and Maurer model (1987, 1989), characterized by a triangular region in bivariate space, with the minimum geographic range size being positively correlated with body length. This is an expected association because large species require more energy and must use a larger arca of the environment. On the other hand, small geographic ranges imply higher intraspecific compelition, low local population density and, therefore, a higher probability of extinction. However, since species do not usually provide independent observations in a statistical analysis because they share characteristics through descent from common ancestors, at distinct leveis, it is necessary to control these effects in rnacroecological data. For this study, phylogenetic relationships among specics were based on the cladogram provided by Sibley and Ahlquist ( 1990), constructed using DNA-DNA hybridization. The control of these phylogenetic effects from cross-species data was done using the phylogenetic autocorrelation analysis (correlograms and the autoregressive model), that indicated strong phylogenetic autocorrelation in body size. The correlation between body size and geographic range size for South American owls is signiticant at the 1% level after controlling the phylogenetic effects. Thus, we conclude that this positive relationship must he interpreted as a real ecological process and not as the by-product of phylogenetic inertia in each of the characters.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Body size, Geographic range, Phylogenetic inertia, Strigiformes, Distribuição geográfica, Inércia filogenética, Tamanho corpóreo, Strigiformes
Citação
SANT’ANA, Carlos Eduardo Ramos de; DINIZ FILHO, José Alexandre Felizola. Macroecologia de corujas (Aves: strigiformes) da América do Sul. Ararajuba: revista brasileira de ornitologia, Rio Grande, v. 7, n.1, p. 3-11, jun. 1999.