Reward deficiency syndrome in children: obesity and metabolic disorders are associated with the SNP taqIA C32806T of the DRD2 gene
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2015-08
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Background: Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) is a hypo-dopaminergic state that predisposes
to obsessive-compulsive behaviors. Obesity is part of RDS since the individual is predisposed
to reward-driven eating behavior that leads to overeating. The allele A1 of the SNP
C32806T in Dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) is associated with reduction of DRD2 levels
and higher BMI in adults. DRD2 are expressed in beta cells and modulate insulin secretion.
The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between this SNP and obesity and metabolic
alterations in children.
Methods: Fifty five obese children and 50 healthy controls were analyzed for DRD2 Taq1A
polymorphism Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment
length polymorphism. Glucose, insulin and lipid profile were measured. The Homeostatic
model assessment (HOMA) was calculated.
Results: We found three genotypes: A1A1(12,4%), A1A2(33,3%) and A2A2(54,3%). The A1
allele was more present in: obese than in euthrophic (34,5%*23%), in children with altered
HOMA ß (38,2% * 24,6%), children with altered Total Cholesterol (35,2%*19,5%) and lower
levels of triglycerides. Children were divided in 4 subgroups in accordance to the function of
pancreatic beta cells and BMI-Z; subgroups with normal secreting pancreatic beta cell demonstrated
significant difference for allelic and genotypic distribution, with lower presence of
A1A1 and A1A2 genotypes and higher presence of A2 allele.
Conclusions: Besides confirming the association with childhood obesity, our results show for
the first time that: A1 allele is associated with TC≥170 mg/dl, lower TG levels and HOMA ß
≥175. A2 allele is associated with normal HOMA ß, being a protective factor for pancreatic
secretion. The recognition of predisposed individuals through determinations of risks polymorphisms
can lead to new paths for treatment and prevention of metabolic abnormalities.
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Childhood obesity, DRD2 gene, HOMA, Dopamine, Genetic polymorphism
Citação
PINTO, Renata M.; SILVA, Daniela M. e; QUEIROZ, Fabrício J.; GODOY, Fernanda R.; TEODORO, Lilian S.; LACERDA, Isabella; GONÇALVES, Macks W.; PINTO, Irene P.; MINASI, Lysa; VIEIRA, Thaís C.; CRUZ, Aparecido D. da. Reward deficiency syndrome in children: obesity and metabolic disorders are associated with the SNP taqIA C32806T of the DRD2 gene. Obesity Research, Hyderabad, v. 2, n. 2, p. 64-72, Aug. 2015.