Estratégias não farmacológicas de alívio à dor durante o trabalho de parto
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2011-01
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Esta revisión de la literatura tiene como objetivo evidenciar la eficacia de las estrategias no farmacológicas para aliviar el dolor durante el proceso del parto, por medio de una investigación descriptiva exploratoria de naturaleza bibliográfica. Fueron rastreadas las producciones científicas con nivel de evidencia II, indexadas entre 1997 a febrero de 2009, en las bases de datos LILACS y Medline por medio de los descriptores “Dolor de parto”, “Dolor del parto” y “Proceso del parto” asociado al “Dolor”. Los seis artículos seleccionados, entre 615 producciones científicas rastreadas, fueron caracterizados y agrupados en dos categorías: Alivio del dolor durante el proceso del parto y Evidencias después de la aplicación de las estrategias no farmacológicas. Los artículos publicados entre 2003 y 2007 en seis revistas diferentes, presentaban las estrategias no farmacológicas: acupuntura, estimulación eléctrica transcutánea, técnicas de respiración y relajación. La acupuntura y la estimulación eléctrica transcutánea, presentaron eficacia aliviando el dolor durante el proceso del parto. Las otras evidencias fueron: disminución de fármacos analgésicos, de ocitócicos y también de la duración del proceso del parto. La utilización de estrategias no farmacológicas en el área obstétrica todavía no se ha concretizado. A pesar de que no se haya confirmado alivio del dolor en todos los estudios, se tienen pruebas de la obtención de otros beneficios.
The aim of this review of the literature is to show the efficiency of non pharmacological strategies in alleviating pain during labour. A descriptive, exploratory bibliographical research work is used. Scientific publications with an evidence level of II, indexed between 1997 and February 2009 were searched in the LILACS and Medline databases under the descriptors “Dolor de parto”, “Dolor del parto” and “Trabajo de parto” assoociated with “Dolor” (Pain). The six selected articles from the 615 publications searched, were characterized and grouped in two categories: Alleviation of pain during labour and evidence following the application of non pharmacological strategies. The articles published between 2003 and 2007 in six different journals, presented non pharmacological strategies such as acupuncture, trans dermal electric stimulation, breathing techniques and relaxation. Acupuncture and trans skin electric stimulation were efficient in alleviating labour pains. Other findings were a decrease in painkillers, oxitocics and in duration of the birth. The use of non pharmacological strategies in obstetrics remains to be specified. Although alleviation of pain has not been confirmed in all the studies, there is proof of other benefitsd.
The aim of this review of the literature is to show the efficiency of non pharmacological strategies in alleviating pain during labour. A descriptive, exploratory bibliographical research work is used. Scientific publications with an evidence level of II, indexed between 1997 and February 2009 were searched in the LILACS and Medline databases under the descriptors “Dolor de parto”, “Dolor del parto” and “Trabajo de parto” assoociated with “Dolor” (Pain). The six selected articles from the 615 publications searched, were characterized and grouped in two categories: Alleviation of pain during labour and evidence following the application of non pharmacological strategies. The articles published between 2003 and 2007 in six different journals, presented non pharmacological strategies such as acupuncture, trans dermal electric stimulation, breathing techniques and relaxation. Acupuncture and trans skin electric stimulation were efficient in alleviating labour pains. Other findings were a decrease in painkillers, oxitocics and in duration of the birth. The use of non pharmacological strategies in obstetrics remains to be specified. Although alleviation of pain has not been confirmed in all the studies, there is proof of other benefitsd.
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Trabalho de parto, Dor do parto, Obstetrícia, Terapias alternativas, Proceso del parto, Dolor de parto, Obstetricia, Terapias alternativas, Labour, Birth pain, Obstretics, Althernative therapies
Citação
SARTORI, Ana Lúcia et al. Estratégias não farmacológicas de alívio à dor durante o trabalho de parto. Enfermería Global, Murcia, v. 10, n. 21, p. 1-9, jan. 2011.