Comparação entre fatores de risco cardiovascular em diferentes áreas da saúde num intervalo de vinte anos
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Data
2014
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Resumo
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Knowledge about cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in
young adults and their modification over time are measures that change the risks and prevent CVDs.
Objectives: To determine the presence of CVRFs and their changes in different health care professionals over a period of 20 years.
Methods: All students of medicine, nursing, nutrition, odontology, and pharmacy departments of Federal University of Goiás who agreed to participate
in this study were evaluated when they started their degree courses and 20 years afterward. Questionnaires on CVRFs [systemic arterial hypertension
(SAH), diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and family history of early CVD, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sedentarism] were administered.
Cholesterol levels, blood sugar levels, blood pressure, weight, height, and body mass index were determined. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used
to evaluate distribution, the chi-square test was used to compare different courses and sexes, and the McNemar test was used for comparing CVRFs.
The significance level was set at a p value of < 0.05.
Results: The first stage of the study included 281 individuals (91% of all the students), of which 62.9% were women; the mean age was 19.7 years. In
the second stage, 215 subjects were reassessed (76% of the initial sample), of which 59.07% were women; the mean age was 39.8 years. The sample
mostly consisted of medical students (with a predominance of men), followed by nursing, nutrition, and pharmacy students, with a predominance
of women (p < 0.05). Excessive weight gain, SAH, and dyslipidemia were observed among physicians and dentists (p < 0.05). Excessive weight gain
and SAH and a reduction in sedentarism (p < 0.05) were observed among pharmacists. Among nurses there was an increase in excessive weight and
alcohol consumption (p < 0.05). Finally, nutritionists showed an increase in dyslipidemia (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In general, there was an unfavorable progression of CVRFs in the population under study, despite it having adequate specialized
knowledge about these risk factors.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Doenças cardiovasculares, Fatores de risco, Pessoal de saúde, Educação em saúde/tendências, Estudos de coortes, Cardiovascular diseases, Risk factors, Health personnel, Health education/trends, Cohort studies
Citação
JARDIM, Thiago Veiga et al. Comparação entre fatores de risco cardiovascular em diferentes áreas da saúde num intervalo de vinte anos. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, v. 103, n. 6, p. 493-503, 2014.