Electromyographic analysis of masseter muscle in newborns during suction in breast, bottle or cup feeding
Carregando...
Data
2014
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Resumo
Background: When breastfeeding is difficult or impossible during the neonatal period, an analysis of muscle
activity can help determine the best method for substituting it to promote the child’s development. The aim of this
study was to analyze the electrical activity of the masseter muscle using surface electromyography during suction
in term newborns by comparing breastfeeding, bottle and cup feeding.
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on healthy, clinically stable term infants,
assigned to receive either breast, or bottle or cup feeding. Setting was a Baby Friendly accredited hospital. Muscle
activity was analyzed when each infant showed interest in sucking using surface electromyography. Root mean
square averages (RMS) recorded in microvolts were transformed into percentages (normalization) of the reference
value. The three groups were compared by ANOVA; the “stepwise” method of the multiple linear regression analysis
tested the model which best defined the activity of the masseter muscle in the sample at a significance level of 5%.
Results: Participants were 81 full term newborns (27 per group), from 2 to 28 days of life. RMS values were lower
for bottle (mean 44.2%, SD 14.1) than breast feeding (mean 58.3%, SD 12.7) (P = 0.003, ANOVA); cup feeding (52.5%,
SD 18.2%) was not significantly different (P > 0.05). For every gram of weight increase, RMS increased by 0.010 units.
Conclusions: Masseter activity was significantly higher in breastfed newborns than in bottle-fed newborns, who
presented the lowest RMS values. Levels of masseter activity during cup-feeding were between those of breast and
bottle feeding, and did not significantly differ from either group. This study in healthy full term neonates endorses
cup rather than bottle feeding as a temporary substitute for breastfeeding.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Electromyography, Cup feeding, Masseter muscle, Bottle feeding, Newborns, Breastfeeding
Citação
FRANÇA, Ellia C. L. et al. Electromyographic analysis of masseter muscle in newborns during suction in breast, bottle or cup feeding. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, London, v. 14, n. 154, p. 1-7, 2014.