Variabilidade genética de cajuzinho-do-cerrado (Anacardium humile St. Hill.) por meio de marcadores rapd
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2012
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Resumo
Native from the Brazilian cerrado and showing high morphological variability for fruit and
size, the bushy cashew (Anacardium humile St. Hill.) produce fruits that are widely accepted by the local
population, that are attracted because of its peculiar characteristics like size, unique flavor and potential for
sustainable use by producers and industry. The limited production of seeds, caused by low pollination and
high animal and insect predatory activity, makes the species propagation more difficult. The knowledge of
the genetic variability of the bushy cashew is important to maximize the use of its genetic resources to future
programs of improvement and conservation of the species. In this report, the genetic variability of 122 accesses
of A. humile coming from 11 cities (origin) from the Cerrado of the states of Goiás and Mato Grosso was
quantified through RAPD markers. The genetic similarities were estimated from the binary matrix, being
processed cluster analysis and graphic dispersion from the distance matrix. The primers with bigger expression
were OPA11 and 08. The ten primers used generated 157 bands, being 156 polymorphic (99%), with an
average of 5.6 bands/ primer. It was detected a great variability in the towns, being the polymorphism higher
than 90%, except the ones originated from Jataí-GO. The distance between the accesses ranged from 0.138
to 0.561, with an average of 0.370, being the lowest values registered between the accessions of Mineiros GO and Serranópolis-GO. The accessions of Caiapônia-GO and Santo Antônio do Descoberto-GO were
the most distant genetically. The total dissimilarity between the accesses ranged from 0.103 to 0.796, with
averages of 0.390. The accesses 87 and 114 from Serranópolis-GO and Santo Antônio do Descoberto-GO,
respectively, were the most distant genetically, showing the importance of these origins in the enrichment
of the germplasm bank of the specie
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Palavras-chave
Anacardiaceae, Diversidade genética, Polimorfismo, Recursos genéticos, Banco de germoplasma, Anacardiaceae, Genetic diversity, Polymorphism, Genetic resources, Germplasm bank
Citação
CARVALHO, Raquel dos Santos et al. Variabilidade genética de cajuzinho-do-cerrado (Anacardium humile St. Hill.) por meio de marcadores rapd. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, v. 34, n. 1, p. 227-233, 2012.