Mestrado em Zootecnia (EVZ)
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Item Probiótico (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) e antimicrobiano melhorador de desempenho em dietas de leitões na fase de creche(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-07-11) Berteli, Carolina Ribeiro; Arnhold, Emmanuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7156945506134934; Stringhini, Jose Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, Jose Henrique; Lopes, Euripedes Laurindo; Silva, Bruno Alexander Nunes; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros deChanges related to weaning are stressful factors and may cause reduced piglet growth, mainly due to the incidence of diarrhea. Considering the limitations to the use of antimicrobial performance enhancers, different strategies were proposed to maintain animal growth and performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of probiotic (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) on weaned piglets diet, associated or not with the use of antimicrobial performance enhancer (tiamulin). A total of 84 piglets with a mean age of 28 days were randomized in blocks and a factorial scheme 2 x 2, with four treatments, corresponding to the inclusion or not of performance improvement antibiotic (tiamulin 80% 150ppm) and probiotic (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens – 1x10 10 UFC/g). The treatments adopted were: T1 - basal diet (DB, control); T2 - DB + antimicrobial; T3 - DB + probiotic; T4 - DB + antimicrobial + probiotic. Avarage daily gain, feed intake and feed efficiency were calculated. The fecal score was monitored according to the method proposed by Guedes et al. Feces samples were collected for presence and counting analysis of Escherichia coli (Quinn et al.). Statistical analyzes were performed using software R and differences considered significant for P <0.05. For non-parametric data it was used the Friedman test and the Tukey test were used for the others. The absolute data of microbiological counting were logarithmized and analyzed in a descriptive way. The average daily feed intake was affected by the use of antimicrobial, while the use of probiotic did not result in significant effect. Weight gain and feed conversion were not affected by the use of antimicrobial or probiotic. The diarrhea score was significantly affected in the final phase, with lower scores for animals fed with antimicrobial and probiotic. In the descriptive evaluation of the E. coli count, there was a trend of higher fecal bacterial count over the experimental period in all treatments, more prominently in the samples from the animals that did not take probiotic. The use of probiotics (B. amyloliquefaciens) is a valid strategy to replace the use of antimicrobials for weaned pigs. The addition of probiotic keeped piglet consumption and performance in the early stages of life.Item Substituição da virginiamicina por produtos à base de levedura (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) em dietas de bovinos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-10) Oliveira, Daiana dos Santos de; Couto, Victor Rezende Moureira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329309889502866; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Cabral Filho, Sérgio Lúcio Salomon; Manzano, Ricardo PereiraWith the intensification of production systems, additives such as antibiotics have been widely used in the animals' diet in order to manipulate the rumen environment, avoiding metabolic disorders and improving the digestive efficiency of nutrients. However, some antibiotics have in their composition substances also present in medicines for human use, which can make treatments less effective due to the resistance of certain microorganisms, in addition to the high potential to pollute the environment, and can be banned from the diet provided to animals. In order to replace the use of antibiotics in the diet of cattle, this study used yeast-based products that are considered natural products and have a lower acquisition cost when compared to some antibiotics. The viability of this substitution was evaluated through the digestibility of nutrients and ruminal parameters. Five steers with dairy aptitude were distributed in a 5x5 Latin square. The diets contained roughage: concentrate ratio of 35.5: 64.5, with corn silage being the roughage used, and the concentrate was composed of ground corn, soybean meal, soybean husk, mineral core, calcitic limestone, urea and common salt. . The treatments were: VM: 18mg / kg in the material (MS) of Virginiamycin (VM); CL7: 7g of yeast culture; CL14: 14g of yeast culture; LA7: 7g of autolysed yeast; LA14: 14g of autolyzed yeast. No significant difference was found (P> 0.05) for dry matter consumption with: 8.22; 8.45; 8.33; 8.51 and 8.27 kg consumed; the dry matter digestibility was 61.41%; 53.79%; 57.46%; 54.45% and 55.83%, average ruminal pH of 6.75; 6.76; 6.76; 6.78 and 6.69, for VM; CL7; CL14; LA7 and LA14, respectively. Likewise, no significant difference was found for short-chain fatty acids and ammoniacal nitrogen between treatments, thus suggesting the possibility of replacing Virginiamycin with yeast-based products.Item Capacidade antioxidante de Scutellaria baicalensis para codornas japonesas na fase de postura(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-10) Pereira, Melody Martins Cavalcante; Mello, Heloísa Helena Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5510965166352073; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9082632592936909; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Almeida, Vivian Vezzoni de; Santos, Bruno Moreira dosActive ingredients with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial functions, among others, obtained from plants have been increasingly studied in search of alternatives that can replace synthetic products that have such effects, used as additives in animal feed. Plants rich in flavonoids stand out in these research, such as the genus Scutellaria baicalensis which is a herb traditionally used in Chinese medicine, which is composed of different flavonoids. The benefits of extracting this species have been observed in many human and animal studies, and specifically for poultry there are studies on broilers and laying hens. However, there is little research using it for Japanese quail. The objective of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical performance, quality of eggs of Japanese quails, receiving additive containing Scutellaria baicalensis extract added to the feed, as well as its antioxidant activity and determination of total flavonoids. 384 42-day-old Japanese quails were used, distributed in four treatments (0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3% of the product containing Scutellaria in the diet) with six replications of 16 animals each. The design used was completely randomized (DIC). The experimental period was 126 days subdivided into four 21-day cycles. For egg quality analysis, variables such as: average egg weight (g), egg yolk, albumen and shell weight (g), shell thickness (mm), Haugh unit, yolk, albumen and shell index and percentage were evaluated. , specific gravity. The antioxidant activity of the product containing Scutellaria baicalensis was evaluated by FRAP, ABTS, DPPH methods and total flavonoids and total phenols were assayed. The collected data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test using the R computational package. The significance level of α = 0.05 was adopted. There were no statistically significant differences in egg performance and quality parameters, showing that the tested levels of the additive containing Scutellaria Baicalensis did not provide improvement or changes in these parameters for Japanese quails. The results of the five laboratory tests performed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the additive showed that it has antioxidant potential.Item Comportamento e bem-estar de reprodutoras suínas em duas idades gestacionais alojadas em sistema de gestação coletiva(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-13) Silvestre, Priscilla Neves; Carmo, Adriana Santana do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0782572407995106; Stringhini, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; Stringhini, José Henrique; Nunes, Romão da Cunha; Suguimoto, Carla DanielaIn order to evaluate the animal welfare and behavior of pregnant swine breeders in collective gestation systems, its consequences on the performance of the maternity and the effects on the behavior and welfare of the animals was developed in this study. Behavior assessments were carried out in a commercial farm, located in the municipality of Ipameri -GO during the months of May to July 2019. For this purpose, thirty pregnant sows of the same commercial lineage and with gestational period of 70-80 days and 100-110 days were observed. The sows were housed in a collective system in groups of 10 females per pens. During the observational period and in the morning and afternoon, behavior data were collected through photos, videos and ethograms, environmental data collected through a datalogger that stored information with an interval of 30 minutes and located inside the shed, in addition to thermographic images and respiratory frequency. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. It was observed that in the morning the sows remained more time feeding and moving, while in the afternoon the leisure behavior was predominant. There was also the effect of the gestational period on the behavior of the females, who at the end of gestation expressed a calmer behavior when compared to the period of 70 to 80 days, as well as the effect of the environmental and thermographic variables that demonstrated the effect of bioclimatology under the pregnant sows behaviors. Ambient temperature and gestational age interfere with the behavior of the sows housed in the collective management system.