Doutorado em Geografia (IESA)
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Item Expansão Sucroalcooleira no Bioma Cerrado: Tendências, cenários e impactos.(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-12-17) RIBEIRO, Noely Vicente; FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Laerte Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647270006257055Due to the shortage of fossil fuels, as well as due to the current environmental issues related to the emission of greenhouse gases, there has been a growing demand for alternative, renewable and sustainable, energy sources. In particular, biofuels, such as ethanol, are becoming more proeminent each day. In Brazil, considered the largest ethanol producer and exporter in the world, such demand has triggered a fast growing (and insufficiently planned) sugarcane expansion, mostly in the Cerrado biome. Within this scope, and relying on an exploratory analysis of the characteristics and patterns of the sugarcane distribution in the Cerrado, this research aimed at understanding the underlying mechanisms and physiographic constraints behind the ongoing expansion. Assuming this expansion will be preferentially over cultivated pastures, for both economic and environmental reasons, we propose a territorial ordainment based on spatial analysis and according to major landscape attributes (i.e. relief, land-use, soil type, available infrastructure) and environmental laws. In addition, through the use of a dynamic modeling approach, accounting for both the current expansion trends, as well as the occurrence of favorable areas, we generated a sugarcane scenario up to 2035. Our main results include: a) in the Cerrado, sugarcane is highly dependent on the available infrastructure, flat terrains and mechanizable oxisols; b) sugarcane expansion is occurring at the expenses of other crop commodities; c) the proposed territorial ordainment will enable an expansion almost sixfold the current sugarcane area, without compromising other crops, the environment, or the remnant vegetation areas; d) as opposed, and kept the current trends, the scenario derived from the dynamic modeling shows that new sugarcane may take up to 45% of the agricultural areas in the Cerrado, reducing crop diversity and seriously impacting some of the biome watersheds. In spite the fact that both scenarios yield approximate the same expansion, the area on which they occur will be quite different. In fact, the so-called ―constrained‖ scenario is likely to have less impacts on the environment and food production. Overall, our results suggest that through territorial ordainment, a substantial increase in ethanol production, in harmony with the environment and other economic activities, is possible to occur.Item DESVELANDO A CIDADE: SEGREGAÇÃO SOCIOESPACIAL EM JATAÍ-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-12-21) SILVA, Márcio Rodrigues; DEUS, João Batista de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9234464036124624Considering that, with the purpose of suggesting new paths for local development, the analysis of urban problems is essential to improve the quality of life of the population, the aim of this research is to study the urban structure of Jataí city. In order to do so, its urban internal structure is analyzed, regarding the sociospatial distribution in the urban arrangement, searching answers to the question: is there any sociospatial segregation in Jataí? We intend to remove the veil that covers the city and suggest new parameters that collaborate with the local development, as well as to produce consistent scientific material about this theme, analyzed according to the Geographic Science. Jataí city is located in the Southwest of Goiás State, in Brazil, approximately 320 km of Goiânia city, the capital of the State. With an urban area of about 24 km², inside a county area of 7.174, 1 km², the city grew marked by contrasts which reveal the logics of the capitalist society. Positions like the ones held by Santos (1993), Castells (1983), Lojkine (1997) and Villaça (2001), surveying the logic of the formation and composition of the urban space, raise questions about the object of this research. The course followed in this work is neither rigid, nor ready or final. It is an analysis that begins with urban landscape, as it presents a vast horizon to be explored, arriving at the place and analyzing the way it was produced. This research transits between social and political analyses, in the context of a so-called post-modern society, inquiring and reflecting about the reality displayed in front of our eyes, considering the action of the capital and its relations in the construction of places. Therefore, the dialectic perspective is a guideline that orients our works. Finally, we define, classify, map and cross information plans concerning the levels of income in Jataí and their implications in the urban mesh network, which demonstrates the urban segregation identified. The results are presented in the form of text and maps which disclose the real situation of the sociospatial distribution at stake. As a result, it is identified that the social classes of less income are concentrated, predominantly, in the edges of the urban area. Such analysis supports the thesis that this city is a segregated space.