Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal
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Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal por Assunto "Anatomy"
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Item Características morfofisiológicas, produção e composição de óleo essencial em folhas de Tetradenia riparia (Hochst) Codd- Lamiaceae cultivada em diferentes níveis de sombreamento(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-26) Araújo, Laís Lima Nabuco; Melo, Hyrandir Cabral de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9055607630353419MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PRODUCTION AND COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL IN LEAVES OF Tetradenia riparia (Hochst) Codd-LAMIACEAE CULTIVATED AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SHADING. Tetradenia riparia ( Hochst ) Codd- Lamiaceae, popularly known as incense, is used for diseases like malaria, angina, gastroenteritis , headaches , bronchitis , among other diseases. Its essential oil contains approximately 200 components. The diterpenoids have antimicrobial, antispasmodic and antitricomonas activity. Considering the importance of light on plant growth and development the present study aims to evaluate morphological and physiological characteristics and production and composition of essential oil of Tetardenia riparia cultivated at different levels of shading. For this, seedlings were propagated by stem cuttings and grown in mini-greenhouses completely covered with black polyethylene screens produced to provide 30%, 50% and 80 % of levels shading and also grown under open sky. Leaves were evaluated after 150 days of treatment. The plants under open sky had greater foliar blade thickness. Shaded plants had higher leaf area. There were no significant differences in stomata and trichomes in the abaxial epidermis. The highest oil yield occurred in plants grown with 30 % and 50 % shading treatments. The major component of the essential oil, regardless of the treatment, was the sesquiterpenic hydrocarbon 14 - hydroxy -9 - epi - (E) - caryophyllene. Many chemical compounds of the essential oil alter its content according to treatments and other compounds were only observed at specific levels of shading. The total content of chlorophyll, chlorophyll “a” and carotenoids was higher in 50% and 80% treatment shading. The levels of chlorophyll “b” and a / b ratio did not change in different treatments. The different treatments did not change values of ash. The lipid content was lower in the treatment of 80% and increased protein and nitrogen content in 50% and 80% treatment shading.Item Delimitação de táxons do complexo Manihot pentaphylla Pohl (Euphorbiacae Juss.) com base em dados morfológicos e anatômicos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-14) Azevedo, Elifalete Serafim; Silva, Marcos José da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9449484790926524; Ribeiro, Dalva Graciano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5330699702723299; Ribeiro, Dalva Graciano; Meira, Renata Maria Strozi Alves; Ferreira, Heleno DiasManihot Mill belongs to Euphorbiaceae Juss. With more than 100 neotropical species, of which 65 were reported for the Brazilian Cerrado. The genus presents a complex taxonomy, still little studied, with taxa differentiated by subtle characters, constituting, therefore, complexes of difficult delimitation. One of these complexes is represented by Manihot pentaphylla Pohl, a species that currently circumscribes four subspecies: M. pentaphylla subsp. pentaphylla; M. pentaphylla subsp. tenuifolia; M. pentaphylla subsp. rigidula and M. pentaphylla subsp. graminifolia. These taxa were previously described as distinct species and later inserted at the subspecies level, however, these taxa, besides growing in a biome that has little known flora and that suffers constant devastation, present differences in morphological characters preserved and useful in the delimitation of taxa in the genus, such as: habit and growth orientation, conformation of bracts and bractolas and inflorescence, which means that knowledge of these species becomes necessary. Since anatomical studies have provided useful information on the taxonomic delimitation of species , the objective of this study was to provide anatomical data of the M. pentaphylla complex to support the delimitation of its infraspecific categories, and present a morphological approach, where the taxa are described and related. For this, botanical collections and morphological descriptions of the taxa were carried out, anatomical analysis under optical microscope and scanning electron microscope and histochemical tests. Transverse sections of the stem and leaf of the longitudinal taxa and taxa were obtained only from the stem and the petiole. The taxa showed significant anatomical differences of taxonomic value such as: contour and number of vascular bundles on the petiole, contour and number of vascular bundles of the central vein, type of mesophyll, epidermis formed by papillary cells, distribution and type of stomata and epicuticular wax pattern. The shape of the leaf blade (whether arched or straight) and the edge (revolute or non-revolute), presence of gelatinous fibers, presence/absence of cuticular streaks among others also provided valuable information to differentiate species. Morphologically, the taxa showed differences in habit and appearance, type of inflorescence, shape and integrity of bracts and bractoles, among others. Finally, based on the morphological and anatomical characters described and compared here, we believe that the studied taxa have satisfactory differences to raise them at the species level.Item Morfoanatomia, tricomas glandulares e análise fitoquímica de Trichogonia eupatorioides (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob (ASTERACEAE-EUPATORIEAE) ocorrente em área de cerrado rupestre(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-27) Fernandes, Yanne Sousa; Gonçalves, Letícia de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7382650435948677; Gonçalves, Letícia de Almeida; Safadi, Giuliana Muniz Vila Verde; Rezende, Maria HelenaCerrado rupestre is a subtype of arboreal-shrub vegetation that occurs in rupestrian and rocky habitats. Trichogonia eupatorioides (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob belongs to the tribe Eupatorieae of the family Asteraceae, and it is endemic to Brazil. Given the scant knowledge of the botanical traits of this species, the present study aimed to describe the morpho-anatomy of leaves and stems, characterize and identify developmental stages of glandular trichomes, detect the presence of metabolites by phytochemical screening, and determine the composition of the essential oil from aerial vegetative and reproductive parts of T. eupatorioides from a cerrado rupestre area. Samples of T. eupatorioides were collected from the Biological Reserve “Prof. José Ângelo Rizzo” of Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG). Fully expanded leaves, stems, stem apices, flowers and involucral bracts were used for the morpho-anatomical study and to describe glandular trichomes. Aerial vegetative and reproductive organs were used for the phytochemical study. T. eupatorioides shares anatomical traits with other species described in the literature, such as amphistomatic leaves, anomocytic and anisocytic stomata, epidermal cells with sinuous anticlinal walls and thick external periclinal walls, glandular and non-glandular trichomes, endodermis with starch and Casparian strips, fibers associated to the vascular bundle, and secretory ducts. The glandular trichomes secrete essential oils and phenolic compounds and may be uniseriate or biseriate. The differentiation of the glandular trichomes begins with the expansion of a protodermal cell. The first division is anticlinal for biseriate trichomes, and periclinal for uniseriate ones. The phytochemical screening identified flavonoid and cardiac glycosides and coumarins. Twenty components of the essential oil were identified; of these, 95% were sesquiterpenes. The major components were the sesquiterpenes 3,5-muuroladiene (39.56%), butylated hydroxytoluene (13.07%), and (E)-caryophyllene (5.63%).