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Item Práticas de manejo pecuário na microrregião de São Miguel do Araguaia, Goiás: uma análise a partir de dados de campo e de sensoriamento remoto(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-02-03) Aguado, Oscar Ivan De Oro; Araújo, Fernando Moreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8681719274269970; Ferreira, Laerte Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647270006257055; Miziara, Fausto; Couto, Victor Rezende MoreiraPasture degradation is a process in the tropical region and in Brazil, it is estimated that there are approximately 100 million hectares under poor conservation and management conditions. This work aims to understand, in an exploratory way, the quality of the Brachiaria Brizantha and Andropogon Gayanus species, evaluating the seasonal and trend characteristics in relation to the conditioning factors of the degradation in the microregion of São Miguel do Araguaia. The methodology consisted in the selection of pastures in three levels of degradation for the species mentioned above; historical management for the last 15 years; and estimated vegetative vigor analysis using satellite images from the MODIS sensor, i.e. product MOD13Q1 - NDVI, for the period 2000 to 2015. The time series was analyzed using seasonal metrics and the algorithms Breaks For Additive Season and Trend (BFAST) for trend analysis and identification of the degradation factors for the three levels of degradation of both species. The results demonstrated the differentiation between the three categories of pasture management (optimal, reasonable and poor) for the two grass species using data collected in the field and orbital. According to the seasonal metrics, statistically, the species presented differentiated vegetative vigor behaviors (t = 2,083, gl = 375, p <0.001), and the discrimination is higher using the amplitude and maximum metrics of the NDVI index. The optimal pastures (t = 2.876, gl = 375, p <0.001) and poor (t = 4,142, gl = 375, p <0.001) differed according to seasonal behavior, while reasonable pastures did not (t = 0.745; = 375, p> 0.05). The optimal and reasonable pastures of B. Brizantha presented similar behaviors over the analysis period, whereas the poor pasture presented differentiated behaviors for the amplitude and average metrics. However, the optimal, reasonable and poor pastures of the A. Gayanus species, despite having differentiated qualities and management in the field, the NDVI values throughout the temporal series presented similar behaviors for both qualities. The Trends analysis showed that the high temperatures of 2007 and 2010 generated negative breaks points for both species, while the years of 2009 and 2013 were points of positive breaks due to the increase in rainfall records. As a conclusion, moderate resolution orbital data, particularly NDVI, allow the differentiation of pasture species and their respective qualities through the analysis of time series and, on the other hand, trend analysis showed that both species of grass showed high Sensitivity to the climatic factors, as El Niño and La Niña, in relation to the management used.Item Degradação de fenol por bactérias de dois biomas brasileiros(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-14) Almeida-Rotta, Anna Paula Santos; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1742731776579730; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Silva, Daniela de Melo e; Souza, Keili Maria Cardoso deIn recent decades, the growth of industrial activity and agriculture has been responsible for environmental contamination due to the presence of organic and inorganic substances. Phenol and its derivatives are an important class of environmental contaminants by their presence in many industrial effluents. The seeking of biological alternatives to mitigate the environmental pollution has motivated researches to find microorganisms that combine the capacity to degrade phenol with a sustainable focus. Therefore, bacteras capable of degrading xenobiotics are been used in soil, sediment and water treatment. This study has aimed to evaluate the biodegradation of phenol by bacterial isolates isolated from two Brazilian biomes (Cerrado Goiano and Mangrove of Guarapary, ES), whereupon the influence of pre-adaptation of the bacteria was checked, as well as the effects of growth parameters in different concentrations and the tolerance to this chemical compound. One isolated from Cerrado was identified as Staphylococcus aureus (BF 2.5), and the other one as a gram-positive rod (\BF 2.3.2), and the mangrove bacteria were identified as Bacillus circulans (MF-2) and Bacillus sp. (MF-1). All of the isolates consumed phenol in the approximated of 500mg.L-1 when cultivated in liquid Busnell-Hass (BH) medium and 1.500mg.L-1 in Nutrient Agar medium (NA). The consumption of phenol as carbon source by BF-2.5 isolated was 2,78; 4;79 and 0,35% for concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 mg.L-1 of phenol, respectively. The isolated BF-2.3.2 results were 11, 04; 19,13 and 16,02%, respectively. For the mangrove isolated the results were 22,43; 11,52 and 3.33% to 21,54; 20;54 and 28.85% for the MF-1 and MF-2 isolates, respectively in the same phenol concentrations tested. These results suggest a higher phenol consumption capacity of MF-2 isolated from mangrove.Item Estudo hidrossedimentológico em rios da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Meia Ponte - Goiás, Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-02-11) Amaral, Ana Karolyna Nunes; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0787413754235970; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; Bayer, Maximiliano; Ribeiro, Noely VicenteThe present work show an analysis of hydrosedimentological dynamics in rivers of the River Basin Meia Ponte (BHRMP), localized in the State of Goias. The work was objective to analyze the sedimentological behavior as a way of understanding the river processes in the studied rivers. For the development of the work, were collected sediment in suspension in six rivers of the basin were collected in at least three points in each river. Hydrological surveys were carried out with ADCP equipment. For the granulometric distribution was used MASTERSIZER 2000 and the LISST – SL equipment. The samples were made during the dry season, at the end of July and November during the rainy season. The samples were submitted to laboratory analysis, which allowed the interpretation and discussion of the results afterwards. The granulometry of suspended sediments had their greatest representativity in the silt class. From the collected data, the Suspended Sediment Concentration in the BHRMP rivers ranged from 2,62 to 21,69 mg / l, transporting on average 6,31 tons/day of suspended sediments during dry season. In the rainy season the suspended sediment concentration ragend from 39,02 to 127,58 tons/day. From the calculations of specific sediment production, it was found that the basin produced 1,72 and 58,18 ton/km2/year form the dry to the rainy season respectively.Item O impacto do manejo do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum sp.) e de pastagem (Brachiaria decumbens) na microbiota do solo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-10-13) Araújo, Marcus Vinícius Forzani; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782223Z6; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Carrim, Aysha Jussara Ivonilde; Silva, Daniela de Melo eCharacterized as extremely important, the soil is a complex environment and it shelters a great diversity of microorganisms. However, little is known about the diversity and ecology of the soil microbiota. Thus, the first part of this dissertation reviews the methodological evolution used to characterize the diversity and abundance of microorganisms found in soil. The second part consists of the application of two methodologies reviewed in the previous chapter, serial dilution and solid medium plating, to estimate free-living nitrogen fixing microorganisms, and fumigation-extraction to estimate soil microbial biomass (BMS). The last part employs the most modern microbial soil characterization technique, the metagenomics of 16S rRNA. Hence, our initial hypothesis was that sugarcane fields’ soils would have better soil microbiological indicators than grasslands’ soils. The results confirmed that the hypothesis was partially correct, and it was possible to find about 140% more free-living diazotrophic colony-forming units (CFUs) and a 17% richer alpha diversity in sugarcane fields’ soils than in grasslands’ soils. The beta diversity between sugarcane plantations and pastures presented clear differences. However, sugarcane fields’ soils obtained about 25% less BMS than grasslands’ soils. In relation to the bacterial phyla, the grasslands have more Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes and sugarcane fields have a greater number of TM7 and bacteria that were not identified, being Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria the dominating phyla in both types of soil. Although the results of nitrogen fixers and microbial biomass appear to be conflicting, it is an indication that the diazotrophic community undergoes with a diverse biotic and abiotic influences than the total community of soil microorganisms, and thus respond differently.Item O meio biótico nos termos de referência de estudos de impacto ambiental de UHEs brasileiras - a raiz dos problemas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-07-09) Batista, Gabriel de Avila; Marco Júnior, Paulo De; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2767494720646648; Marco Júnior, Paulo De; Bastos, Rogério Pereira; Nomura, FaustoThe Brazilian federal government assumes the imminence of an energy crisis. Thus, hydroelectric projects appear as a preventive response to the reduction of energy resources and to eventual socioeconomic instability arising from this problem. Therefore, it becomes pertinent to several sectors the discussion about the socioeconomic, physical and biotic aspects that are affected by the implantation of hydroelectric dams. Despite the legal, technical and scientific aspects of the brazilian Environmental Licensing (EL) process, it is part of an administrative process, and comply with protocols defined in Reference Terms (RT). Thereby their stages, including the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), must conform to the proposal of these documents to enable the flow of the EL process. The literature indicates shortcomings in environmental licensing processes related to EIAs, with the nature of these gaps varying from administrative, legal, technical, and scientific methods. Still in this plea, the literature also points out problems regarding the biotic aspects of environmental impact assessment. These errors lead to environmental impacts that are difficult to mitigate, since they were not predicted or evaluated during the studies. Observing these premises and considering the RT as the base of the methods used in these studies, it is possible to suppose that this document is one of the problems origins observed in the subsequent phases. Are the guidelines for the biotic environment in RTs in line with what is proposed by science? The analyzes in this study demonstrate that the scientific quality of the biotic environment protocols is low. It is known why sample – as this question answers a legal requirement too –, but it is not known the best sample targets neither the adequate way to sample, which may lead to irreversible impacts. The prognosis is disappointing, with an increase of 0.53% in quality per year, considering 1988 as the starting year, it will still take 158 years to reach the ideal.Item Conformidade entre dados biofísicos orbitais e terrestres para o zoneamento agroclimático, identificação espaço-temporal de tendências de precipitação e suas relações com uso e cobertura da terra no bioma cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-09-10) Bettiol, Giovana Maranhão; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4498594723433539; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; Luiz, Gislaine CristinaContext The Cerrado biome plays a prominent role in Brazilian and global agricultural production, where approximately 50% of the national agricultural production and 30% of the country's gross agricultural income are in this biome. The Climatic Risk Agricultural Zoning (ZARC) arises as an important instrument of the Brazilian agricultural policy by indicating more favorable dates of crop planting on a municipal scale. The improvement of the methodology used in ZARC is of paramount importance and should be carried out continuously. Altitude and temperature are important agricultural conditions, with altitude being one of the factors used for the calculation of temperature by utilizing regression equations. As for the precipitation data, they are factored in the modeling of the water balance of different agricultural crops in ZARC. Goals In this context, the current study aims to analyze the conformity/accuracy between the altitude and precipitation data obtained from terrestrial reference stations and estimated by orbital sensors, and to identify trends of increase or decrease of precipitation in the Cerrado biome, itemized by classes of land use and land cover. Materials and methods The digital elevation models (MDEs) analyzed were NASADEM_HGT from NASA and ALOSAW3D30 version 3.1 from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), both with a spatial resolution of 30 meters. These models were evaluated according to the parameters recommended in the Cartographic Accuracy of Digital Cartographic Products Standard (PEC-PCD), which defines tolerances according to the evaluation scale and classes (A, B, C, or D). NASA's IMERG Final Run Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) data, available every half hour, were compared with the hourly measurements of 215 automatic surface weather stations of the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) of the Cerrado biome in the 2017-2019 period. In addition, considering the period from 2000 to 2019, areas of precipitation tendency were identified in the biome and compared to the predominant classes of land use and land cover, obtained by the MapBiomas project. Results Considering class A of the PEC-PCD, MDE NASADEM_HGT was compatible with 1:250,000 scales and smaller, while MDE ALOS AW3D30 reached scales of 1:100,000 and smaller. When compared to each other, the models provide close and similar altitude measurements and may be used in ZARC. There was great conformity between GPM precipitation data and data from automatic weather stations, notably for months of the dry season (May to September), especially June, which showed the best performance (0.89), high agreement (0.96), and very strong positive correlation (0.93). All the evaluation indices that were considered, that is, detection probability, false alarm rate, critical success rate, and correct percentage, demonstrated a high ability to detect rain via orbital data. For the 2000 - 2019 period, it was possible to notice that the dry season in the biome is being intensified. Approximately 20% of the Cerrado that is covered with native vegetation showed a trend of statistically significant reduction of precipitation of -2.58 mm/month and -2.55 mm/month in 12% of the total area of Cerrado with anthropic cover. The areas that presented significant positive precipitation trends occupied 5% of the Cerrado (around 5 mm/month of increase). Final considerations The results of this study showed that the MDEs and the GPM data have great potential to be incorporated into the ZARC methodology, especially to complement the historical series of data from surface rainfall stations. More in-depth studies need to be conducted to analyze the trend of increase or decrease in precipitation with possible relations with changes in the land use and land cover of the biome.Item Pagamento por serviços ambientais: análise do programa “Produtor de Água no Ribeirão João Leite”(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-02-26) Canedo, Luís Fernando Teixeira; Ribeiro, Francis Lee; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1763392088652134; Ribeiro, Francis Lee; Faria, Karla Maria Silva de; Silva, Alexandre Rodrigo Choupina AndradeIn 2015, Saneamento de Goiás S / A - SANEAGO, with the support of the National Water Agency - ANA and other federal, state and municipal agencies, initiated the payment program for environmental services - PES to rural producers located in the Ribeirão João Leite watershed, with the primary objective of environmentally revitalizing the basin and obtaining improving the quantity and quality of water. The choice of this location was motivated by being a very anthropized area, with high environmental degradation, the scene of conflicts over the use of water and where the main reservoir for supplying Goiânia-GO, capital of the State of Goiás, is located. Nevertheless, there were programs all over the world that used the PES name but that were not true PSAs from the perspective of environmental economics, which portrays the mainstream of economic thought and exerts a strong influence with international multilateral organizations, in addition to being more likely to attract private investment. In addition, since the early 1990s, hundreds of PES schemes have been implemented around the world with varying levels of success. In many countries there have been totally or partially failed experiences of PES, either because they have not achieved the objectives they set themselves, or because they have not achieved general improvement in the ecological, economic and social conditions of the region, or even because they have compromised ecosystem services even more, the economy or the well-being of participants and others. Another problem is that Brazil does not yet have a national PES policy that establishes the legal frameworks to be observed by program participants and formulators. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the Water Producer Program in Ribeirão João Leite - PPARJL in the face of these issues. For this purpose, bibliographic and field research were carried out, based on the analysis of the program's documentary collection and on semi-structured questionnaires applied to the main representatives of the agencies participating in the program. The results demonstrate that the PPARJL is a Coasian-type program, formulated from the perspective of environmental economics, a branch of neoclassical economic theory. Regarding the chances of success, it was found that the design and praxis of PPARJL bring it closer to the definition of success than that of partial success or failure. However, the survey also revealed notable failures and problems that can mitigate the program's success. Finally, it was also possible to conclude that the legal format adopted by PPARJL is sufficient to provide legal certainty to the public entities and producers that make up the program.Item Disponibilidade hídrica superficial e subterrânea em assentamentos em Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-03-31) Costa, Isabella Almeida; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0787413754235970; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957896448117207; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; Basso, Raviel Eurico; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro MartinsDue to the numerous cases of population supply problems due to low water availability, this subject has become one of the references for the management of water. The lack of studies directed at settlement communities makes this management difficult and the reality of the families is unknown. In order to determine the consumption and availability of surface and underground water and the respective specific flow rates in settlements in the state of Goiás, settled communities from the Regional Superintendence 04 of the National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) were selected. The aquifers and study basins were identified according to the location of 62 communities. Through data analysis and methodological application it was possible to obtain estimates of water availability for each community, using the parameters of reference flow rate in 95% of the time (Q95) and exploitable volumes of groundwater and deep aquifers, thus making it possible to calculate the specific flow rates for each resource analyzed. The demands for consumption and for the development of activities were stipulated in order to establish correlation with the results found. It was observed that with regard to surface resources the demands can be met in 64.52% of the settlements, as for the underground resources this index remained at 100% for deep aquifers and 80% for groundwater aquifers. This demonstrates the importance of knowledge regarding the use of resources for the supply of each family and that allows each of these communities to understand the water situation and promote the management of these water resources.Item Potencial do sensoriamento remoto aéreo e orbital na análise do manejo integrado do fogo: um estudo de caso no Parque Nacional Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-01-24) Costa, João Vitor Silva; Nunes, Gustavo Manzon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7168736682633275; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4498594723433539; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Faria, Karla Maria Silva de; Araújo, Fernando Moreira de; Nunes, Gustavo ManzonFire is an element of great protagonism in the Cerrado. It occurs naturally since the beginning of the biome, playing an important role in the maintenance of this rich ecosystem. With the intensification of the anthropic occupation process, which started in the mid-1950s, the recurrence of forest fires grew excessively, largely due to the use of fire as a conversion tool. In the period from 1985 to 2020, approximately one third of the Cerrado territory experienced some fire event, with areas with very high recurrence. Years with more than 10 million hectares burned have been recorded. In recent years, environmental managers have started to adopt the prescribed burning practice, not only for building firebreaks, but also as a way to control the amount of vegetation biomass, which is the fuel for forest fires. This and other practices make up the Integrated Fire Management. In this context, this project aims to understand the potential of aerial and orbital remote sensing in the analysis of Integrated Fire Management, using time series of satellite images, and data obtained in loco by the Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS). The results achieved showed better potential in the use of Drones due to the level of detail of the data, capable of providing information at the understory level. This detail becomes more important when fire management is carried out at the beginning of the dry season, and biomass control is lower. It is worth mentioning that, even less effective in analyzing early burning, the satellite images, Sentinel-2, had satisfactory results for analyzing burning in the months of June and July, registering a correlation between data of R² = 0.71.Item Avaliação ambiental das bacias de captação de água no estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-12-27) Dantas, Tiago Miranda; Ribeiro, Hugo José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9999213878472864; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6466969611652630; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; Arruda, Poliana NascimentoConsidering the assumption of limited natural resources, it is clear that preservation initiatives are essential for maintaining a balanced socio-environmental system. The change in land use over the past decades in the Cerrado biome shows an occupation focused on activities predominantly of agriculture and cattle ranching, with public and fiscal incentives, which guaranteed access to producers and large companies to new technologies and methods to make the biome, a world reference in the production of commodities. The expansion of the agricultural frontiers from the second half of the 20th century on, made the Goiás state a reference in agribusiness, which leveraged the regional economy. However, these occupation processes have directly affected many environmentally fragile areas, which can directly impact the natural resource base for all production processes, water. The Goiás state has 192 hydrographic basins for public supply in which their collection points are managed by SANEAGO, the sanitation company, which in recent years has been reporting recurrences of emergency situations in the water supply of municipalities in periods of drought, which directly affects the populations of the municipalities supplied. Thus, this study aimed to identify the change in land use and occupation in the water catchment areas of the state, correlating data on precipitation and factors that identify areas of environmental fragility. The results obtained showed that in the water supply watersheds of the Goiás municipalities there has been no change in rainfall intensities. However, the catchments located in the central-southern portion of the state of Goiás have their native vegetation cover impacted due to the occupation processes, which occurred without planning, enabling the increase of erosive processes, affecting the production of sediments, besides the water recharge. It is important that the Goiás state develops specific policies aimed at the sustainable use of water catchment areas, seeking the preservation of native vegetation in environmentally fragile areas of these watersheds, thus ensuring the water security of the municipalities.Item Valoração dos danos ambientais à fauna silvestre decorrentes da implementação da Estrada-Parque GO-239(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-05-28) Domiciano, Felipe Silva; Ribeiro, Francis Lee; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1763392088652134; Ribeiro, Francis Lee; Miziara, Fausto; Abdala, Klaus de OliveiraThis research aimed to assess the damage to wild fauna due to the implementation of GO-239, from the perspective of its users (tourists and residents). GO-239 is a road that has its own characteristics due to the nature of its creation, as it is a Road-Park that borders and cuts through a Conservation Unit, the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Goiás, in a region that presents a typical fauna of the Cerrado biome. In order to carry out this work, an observation of the road was made to evaluate its characteristics and conditions. An application of online questionnaires was also made, where the thoughts and attitudes of the users of Road-Park were obtained in relation to it, and a valuation was made of the fauna of the region, checking the Willingness to Pay of the interviewees for this, through the Contingent Valuation Method. It was concluded that the GO-239, even though it is, by law, a Road-Park, still has flaws that make it uncharacteristic as such, and that other measures to reduce impacts should be implemented. It was also found that users understand that the road should be more focused on the protection of the fauna around them, but they are resistant to pay an amount to make it happen, presenting a Willingness to Pay of R$ 6.34 by the simple average, and R$ 6.16 by the weighted average.Item Detecção automática de desmatamentos no bioma cerrado: desafios para o monitoramento sistemático(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-03-13) Faria, Adriano Silva de; Araújo, Fernando Moreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8681719274269970; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647270006257055; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; Silva, Elaine Barbosa daThe Cerrado biome has about 30% or 12,070 of the flora species cataloged in Brazil. Accelerated occupation and loss of biodiversity have made the Cerrado one of the 34 hotspots in the world. With a high index of endemism, about 30% (645) of the species that make up the list with some level of threat of extinction in Brazil are located in the Cerrado. The biome still has a remarkable climatic seasonality, with dry and rainy season. The replacement of Cerrado vegetation for anthropic uses intensified in the 1970s, basically for agricultural uses. Studies on climate change point to deforestation as one of the causes of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, motivating the government to create programs to monitor the coverage and use of land and removal of natural vegetation. Mappings indicate a reduction of vegetation of the Cerrado in 6% in the 11-year interval (PROBIO in 2002 with 60.5% and Cerrado TerraClass in 2013 with 54.5%). In this way, it makes necessary the annual monitoring, financing the actions of conservation for the biome. In order to understand the detection in the Cerrado conversion and to obtain information in a short time, it was decided to use the Integrated System of Deforestation Alerts (ISDA), since it is the only annual monitoring of the biome and has a low cost in relation to the others existing. SIAD was developed in Lapig and has provided conversion rates since 2003. In this way, the objective was to evaluate the potential and the limitations of detection of deforestation in the Cerrado using satellite images of moderate resolution and analysis of time series with reference to the SIAD. The efficiency of the reference map (i.e. PROBIO and TerraClass) was evaluated in relation to the amount of false deforestation generated. We attempted to understand the variation in the number of alerts generated as a function of rainfall seasonality from MODIS collections 5 and 6 (product MOD13Q1) and to analyze the seasonal behavior of deforestation alerts from 2015-2016 using the BFAST algorithm. Thus, the SIAD generated 101,902 deforestation alerts for 2015-2016 using the Cerrado TerraClass mapping and MODIS collection 6, of which 3% (3,185) were classified as deforestation by the visual inspection method. It was verified that the Cerrado TerraClass reference map generates less false deforestation than the PROBIO, and that, the collection 6 presents greater sensitivity of change in the vegetation in relation to the collection 5, contributing to the increase of false deforestation. The seasonality of precipitation is directly related to the number of alerts generated. However, the BFAST algorithm was effective in filtering the false positives, not presenting breaks in 16% of the alerts generated for 2015-2016, with 99% agreement with the visual inspection.Item Adoção de tecnologia na pecuária leiteira e conservação ambiental: estudo de caso em propriedades rurais de Silvânia, Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-23) Fernandes, Hayla da Silva; Collevatti, Rosane Garcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9979596352166630; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; Silva, Daniela de Melo e; Miziara, FaustoThe necessity to produce food should incorporate environmental protection, knowing that it´s the main responsible for occupation of land and native areas also causes important impacts at the landscape. Produce food to supply a world growing population brings the challenge of increase productivity of properties decreasing the impact per unit of feed produced. Cattle raising is the main responsible for anthropization in Brazilian biomes, and especially dairy activity are very important and present in most of Brazilian proprieties, characterized by a big range of diversity producer profiles, majority by pasture systems and big heterogeneity in the technology employment. The answers to challenges presented, in general way, imply in a standard of technology adoption who can articulate a better productivity and less environmental impact. Thus, this research looked for measure the relationship between the technology standard and environmental impacts in dairy properties at Silvânia, Goiás. Were worked the technology employee on that and conservation rates of vegetation local provided by Long Term Research Program (PELD) to generate the present work. In this research was verified that properties who utilized more technology impacted less the environment, measured by conservation indicators, besides be more productive, diluting the impact per milk litter produced. Therefor there is a strong and positive relationship between adoption of technology and less environmental impact. It is worth mentioning that properties who use artificial insemination also presents more productivity (milk production in relation with total number of animal at the farm) in comparison with farms non users. A bigger efficiency at utilization of productive resources in general way also are associated with less environmental impact.Item Ambientalismo de livre mercado e análise do discurso ambiental: o caso do Brasil Mata Viva(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-03-05) Godinho, Marcos Vinícius Ferreira de Almeida; Miziara, Fausto; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782255Y8; Miziara, Fausto; Oliveira, Leandro Gonçalves; Ferreira, Denise PaivaCapitalism and the environmental, for many, are seen as extreme opposites. One of the intentions in this work is to discuss how this conflict is developed and to show solutions for it, having the case of Brasil Mata Viva to represent the realized theoretical discussion. However, it is not central to this work to explore the conflict between capitalism and the environment, but to show a reality where both were put together harmonically. This work has two main theoretical focal points: free market environmentalism and environmental discourse analysis. Firstly, an exposé about free market environmentalism and its main concepts was made, paving the way the theory used to study Brasil Mata Viva. Secondly, the environmental discourse analysis is debated, and is shown its categories. Right after, an presentation of Brasil Mata Viva was realized, showing its history, actions and relations with society. Finally, the data obtained is discussed in the light of the methodologies given by the theories of free market capitalism and environmental discourse analysis where markets, relations with institutional public figures, community and the environment are central. The results show a contradictory combination, although successful, rooted by the studied context which challenges the theorized conceptions.Item Dinâmicas demográficas e impactos ambientais nas regiões de fronteiras de ocupação amazônica(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-12-18) Guedes, Franciely Jesus; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Miziara, Fausto; Sousa, Cleunice Borges de; Ferreira, Nilson ClementinoThis work seeks to understand how demographic dynamics and changes in land use and land occupation patterns are related to deforestation in the frontier regions of the Deforestation Arc in the Amazon. Analysis include temporal and spatial scale and have been conducted both within the general region and at the level of municipalities. Initially, we used descriptive techniques to characterize the different phases of land use and land occupation frontier. Then, a more detailed analysis is performed to identify the variables that are more related to deforestation in the region through regression models. Among the evaluated variables, the total pasture area is the one that best explains deforestation. Demographic variables are not good predictors but, together with social variables, they work well as indicators of the stage of the frontier. This is because changes in land use patterns have been shown to be more strongly linked to the increase in deforestation than, indeed, to population mobility.Item Avaliação da disponibilidade hídrica superficial no estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-12) Honório, Michelle da Silva; Formiga, Klebber Teodomiro Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0787413754235970 Nomes dos; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0957896448117207; Scalize, Paulo Sérgio; Bezerra, Nolan Ribeiro; Ferreira, Nilson ClementinoBased on the principle that water resources are limited and vulnerable, associated with the use by a growing population, industrial and agricultural expansion, management in an integrated manner is necessary, with the use of preventing damage and ensuring the use of quality water and quantity for the present and future society. The issuance of grants in the state of Goiás for the use of state-owned waters is under the responsibility of the Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, which describes in the Resolução n° 09, de 04 de maio de 2005 the conditions and criteria for effecting the authorizations. In this process, knowledge of water availability is paramount, but obtaining hydrological information directly is not always possible and, in many situations, tools are needed to assist in obtaining this information, such as flow regionalization. So, this study had as main objective to evaluate water availability in surface catchment basins for public supply in the state of Goiás, through the comparison between the traditional method of flow regionalization and the method used by the water resources management agency in Goiás Of the 195 surface catchment basins analyzed, it was found that 27.7% have flows granted that exceed the flow that can be granted and/or exceed the reference flow present in 95% of the time. It was concluded that these catchment basins for public supply are in critical situations and that the grants, granted in these places, exert an excessive pressure on the springs, since the withdrawal of water is greater than allowed. As much as water availability estimates have been carried out using flow regionalization, these areas can be considered as priorities for the planning and management of water resources and for implementing actions based, for example, on payment for environmental services.Item Hortas escolares urbanas: da produção de alimentos ao ensino da sustentabilidade ambiental(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-10-26) Melo, Tálita Nogueira Gonzaga; Hora, Karla Emmanuela Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6451685640638572; Hora, Karla Emmanuela Ribeiro; Echeverria, Agustina Rosa; Leandro, Wilson MozenaThe urban and peri-urban practice has been strengthened in multiples spaces of the cities, through multiple entry points, which range from self-consumption and food supplementation, alternative employment and income for vulnerable groups, solutions for environmentally resilient cities, to an opportunity to practice social and environmental education activities. Considering this last aspect, the theme of this research is the study of the use of urban school gardens as a pedagogical tool for environmental sustainability, integrated with the provision of healthy food in school environments and the challenges of the practice itself. Starting from the question of how urban school gardens are effective, we sought to discuss how they are appropriate in the teaching-learning activities about the environmental issues, analyzing the obstacles to their incorporation as a teaching tool. Likewise, we sought to understand how the food produced in the gardens is used in school meals and how maintenance activities are carried out. Methodologically, the research has a qualitative nature and is based on technical procedures of bibliographic, documental and participant observation research, semi-structured interviews and photographic records. As an analytical object, the research relies on the study of multiple cases of four school gardens implemented in the year 2021, in the cities of Anápolis, Catalão, Rio Verde and Ouvidor, in the State of Goiás. The results indicate that, although school gardens are difficult to maintain, they benefit school meals by offering quality food, in great variety and quantity. At the same time, they have potential uses as an educational tool in the development of education activities for the teaching of environmental sustainability.Item Instrumentos de política ambiental para redução da geração dos resíduos sólidos urbanos: a percepção de especialistas no município de Goiânia – GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-09-30) Melo, Will Sandes de; Ribeiro, Francis Lee; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1763392088652134; Ribeiro, Francis Lee; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; Alves, Paulo Alexandre de ToledoThere are many policy tools to foster the reduction of urban solid waste, which could be understand as the core of the Brazilian national solid waste policy. The choice of the most suitable instruments at the local level may be critical to success or failure of the policy implementation. However, frequently, such choice does not result of a rational process based on objective criteria, which favors the establishment of preferences for instrument. This works aims to check if there is a preference for instruments to reduce solid waste generation within the municipality of Goiânia, as well as what would explain this preference. In order to, it was performed a qualitative assessment, comprises the legislation at national level, the State of Goiás and the Municipality of Goiânia and other Government documents and publications associated with the implementation of the national solid waste policy. Moreover, were conducted eight structured interviews with experts in the field of waste management, who has worked in the waste plan of the city of Goiânia. The results suggest an alignment between the interviewees' understanding and the ideas spread by the Federal Government in the last decades, which gives great importance to the practice of environmental education. Also, noteworthy prominent views favorable on the adoption of instruments based on economic incentives, expectations around reverse packaging logistics, as well as restrictions on the adoption of a homogeneous municipal tax for the management of urban solid waste. As a final point, was identified a preference for the use of environmental education instruments. This preference can be explained by the occurrence of the heuristic of representativeness. These results suggest that the policy framework created by the Federal Government has significant influence on decisions at the local level.Item Avaliação de áreas de pastagens a partir de bibliotecas espectrais, dados lidar e imagens aéreas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-01-07) Mesquita, Vinícius Vieira; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; shorturl.at/iPSU1; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; Ferreira, Nilson Clementino; Tyrone, RherisonGrasslands are important environments for global food security as they are responsible for the production of meat and milk from ruminant animals. Unfortunately, the negative consequences of the expansion of pasture areas is the loss of biodiversity, especially in the Brazilian Cerrado where more than 23% of natural vegetation has been converted to pasture. Thus, it is necessary to look for solutions to maintain the growth of food production without deforestation focusing on the recovery of degraded areas and intensification of use in underused places. Through hyperspectral data collected in the field, aerophotogrammetric data obtained by RPAS and laser pulses emitted by airborne LiDAR sensor, this work aims to evaluate the use of these data in pastures under different management and different seasonality conditions. The experiment area is the Rio Vermelho Basin (BHRV). In this region we were collected spectral data over 17 months in five pasture areas of 500 x 500 meters to compose a spectrum-temporal library. RPAS data were also collected in 2019 and LiDAR in 2015 and 2018 along a 50 km by 200 meters transect. The library built from spectral data was able to represent variations related to seasonality and management of pasture areas. The LiDAR point clouds on pastures were able to produce canopy height information faithful to the landscape observed in the field. The results obtained with RPAS proved to be insufficient to reach the objective, requiring more experiments to be usable. The spectro-temporal library formed exclusively by data sampled at pasture and the use of data from LiDAR showed a remarkable ability to describe the landscape and its nuances. However, further studies are still needed to better understand the results and validate the techniques.Item (Im)possibilidades da prática turística e complexidade ambiental: um estudo de caso em Pirenópolis-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-07-07) Neves, Marco Aurélio Fernandes; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Araújo, Alexandre Martins de; Oliveira, Leandro GonçalvesThis research deals with the intersections between environmental complexity and tourism. Environmental complexity is a theoretical construct of the Mexican environmental sociologist Enrique Leff, who faces the environmental crisis of our time, crisis of rationality, (de) construction of life possibilities. When questioning about the possibility of putting environmental complexity into operation, through other rationalities and knowledges, environmental, this research was undertaken by the theoretical-practical field of tourism, seeking to uncover both its epistemic singularity and its practical complexity. Theoretical elements of tourism studies were raised and an interface between tourism and environmental complexity was forged, in which the theoretical impossibility of both disciplines opened the possibility for the practical possibility of a dialogue of knowledge. Thus, through the empirical study of the economic, environmental and socio-cultural dimensions of tourism in the city of Pirenópolis-Goiás, it was possible to verify the tourism perspective as a propitious locus for the regimentation of elements for the accomplishment of an environmental complexity.