Sistema sexual e polinização por mariposas em Simarouba versicolor (Simaroubaceae)
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2018-08-31
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The genus Simarouba Aubl. is composed of six species with distribution restricted to the Neotropical region and with two species (S. amara Aubl. and S. versicolor A. St.-Hil) occurring in Brazil. Simarouba amara is a dioecious species, pollinated mainly by nocturnal moths, presenting sexual and asexual reproduction. Simarouba versicolor is a species that occurs frequently in sympatry with S. amara in Cerrado environments; but nothing is known about its reproductive biology. In this way, aspects of its phenology, sexual system, reproductive success, floral biology and interaction with pollinators were studied. The study was carried out in an area of transition forest to cerrado in the municipality of Pirenópolis, Goiás. The results show that S. versicolor presents annual flowering, with floral peak in August. The species is dioecious and the male individuals flower first, produce ten times more flowers than the females, showing a larger floral display. The flowers are small, pale, without nectar guides, have nocturnal anthesis, being visited by small moths at night and small bees during the day. These characteristics were also verified in S. amara and are commonly found in dioecious species. The flowering period of both species overlaps and the pollinators sharing can occur. Simarouba versicolor presented sexual and asexual reproduction (agamospermy), with fruit formation resulted of manual cross pollination of 21%, 7% of control and 0.73% apomythic; showing lower rates than its congeneric. Future experiments that verify the occurrence of pollinator sharing and hybridization between these two species are suggested.
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CAVALCANTE, Raysa Kristine Oliveira. Sistema sexual e polinização por mariposas em Simarouba versicolor (Simaroubaceae). 2018. 30 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biodiversidade Animal) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018.