Instrumentos de política ambiental para redução da geração dos resíduos sólidos urbanos: a percepção de especialistas no município de Goiânia – GO
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Data
2019-09-30
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
There are many policy tools to foster the reduction of urban solid waste, which could be
understand as the core of the Brazilian national solid waste policy. The choice of the most
suitable instruments at the local level may be critical to success or failure of the policy
implementation. However, frequently, such choice does not result of a rational process based
on objective criteria, which favors the establishment of preferences for instrument. This works
aims to check if there is a preference for instruments to reduce solid waste generation within
the municipality of Goiânia, as well as what would explain this preference. In order to, it was
performed a qualitative assessment, comprises the legislation at national level, the State of
Goiás and the Municipality of Goiânia and other Government documents and publications
associated with the implementation of the national solid waste policy. Moreover, were
conducted eight structured interviews with experts in the field of waste management, who has
worked in the waste plan of the city of Goiânia. The results suggest an alignment between the
interviewees' understanding and the ideas spread by the Federal Government in the last
decades, which gives great importance to the practice of environmental education. Also,
noteworthy prominent views favorable on the adoption of instruments based on economic
incentives, expectations around reverse packaging logistics, as well as restrictions on the
adoption of a homogeneous municipal tax for the management of urban solid waste. As a final
point, was identified a preference for the use of environmental education instruments. This
preference can be explained by the occurrence of the heuristic of representativeness. These
results suggest that the policy framework created by the Federal Government has significant
influence on decisions at the local level.
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Citação
MELO, W. S. Instrumentos de política ambiental para redução da geração dos resíduos sólidos urbanos: a percepção de especialistas no município de Goiânia – GO. 2019. 80 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.