Dinâmica do uso e cobertura da terra no Brasil: do pixel ao território
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2021-12-18
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Brazil is in constant territorial transformations that, due to its favorable physical conditions for agricultural production in almost the entire territory and socioeconomic factors, such as cheap labor, favor the country's economy to focus on the production of commodities. The use of remote sensing tools assists in territorial management through monitoring mapping of land use and coverage, allowing the generation of strategies and tools to mitigate environmental, social and economic impacts. In this context, the present work aims to present two different methodologies using statistics applied to remote sensing, in order to understand the dynamics of land use and land cover in Brazil from 1985 to 2018. The first, an analysis of 85,152 visually inspected points. And the second is visual inspection of grids, from pasture mapping and correlating to landscape analysis. The results showed that there is a loss of native vegetation from 1985 to 2018, and correspond to 70% of conversions and 20% correspond to changes in use followed by pastures. Since 50% of this loss of native vegetation was destined to new pasture areas, and 19% of the conversions of consolidated pastures were destined to agricultural production. So, saying the territorial dynamics of Brazil consists of a succession of deforestation for pastures followed by agriculture. Understanding the importance of livestock in Brazil, which currently occupies about 20% of the territory, approximately 170 mha, its mapping is an important tool for monitoring and public management. Therefore, this study presents satisfactory results for the pasture mappings produced by Lapig, having in 60% of the areas with low omission/commission and high spatial consistency. Having as main correlations with the analysis of the landscape, the omissions occurring in regions of more accentuated relief and in predominance of savanna and grassland vegetations, making, consequently, the consistency low. Unlike the high commissions that are associated with the predominance of agriculture and flat terrain.
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SILVA, A. P. M. Dinâmica do uso e cobertura da terra no Brasil: do pixel ao território. 2021. 64 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.