Prospecção de enzimas de solo de Cerrado sob plantio de cana-de-açúcar
Carregando...
Data
2014-03-12
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The increasing land area cultivated with sugarcane in Goiás reflects the economic
importance of this monoculture not only to Goiás, but also to Brazil. However, the native
areas of Cerrado converted to monoculture planting must be monitored since the effects
in the biochemical, biological and physicochemical characteristics of soil have already
been reported. In this study, the effect of organic (OM) and conventional management
(CM) of sugarcane on hidrolases and oxidative enzymes and the results were compared
to those for native soil of Cerrado (NS). It was quantified the activity of acid and alkaline
phosphomonesterases, β-glucosidases, peroxidases and phenol oxidases. It was also
determined the physicochemical parameters such as granulometry (percentage of clay,
silt and sand) and content of soil organic matter (SOM), pH, Inorganic phosphorus (P
+
),
calcium (Ca
+2
), Potassium (K
+
). Magnesium (Mg
+2
), Aluminum (Al
+3
), potential acidity
total (H+Al) saturation in Aluminum (M%), saturation of alkalis (V%), cation
exchangeable capacity (CEC) and the relationship between Ca/CEC, K/CEC and
Mg/CEC content as well as the relationships of the cations Ca/K, Ca/Mg, Mg/K,. The
optimum pH was assayed for phosphomonoesterases and β-glucosidases. Principal
component analyses was performed to identify which factors evaluated would permit to
differentiate NS, OM and CM. The results showed the presence of both acid and alkaline
phosphomonoesterases in NS, OM and CM; nevertheless, acid phosphomonoesterases
were predominant. The optimum pH for acid phosphomonesterase was pH 5.0 and the
factors that most interfered on the enzyme activity were pH and granulometry. Sugarcane
management did not affect alkaline phosphomonoesterase, in the contrary, acid
phosphomonestarase activity was reduced around 50% in the cultivated soils. For β-glucosidase it was observed optimum pH for OM and CM at pH 5.5 and for NS, the
enzyme presented higher activity in the pH range from 6.0 to 7.0. β-glucosidase have its
activity reduced only in CM, OM and NS presented the same pH profile and similar
enzyme activities. pH and granulometry were also the main factors correlated to β-glucosidase activity. Finally, for oxidative enzymes, it was also observed a reduction of
enzyme activity in OM and CM in about 57% for peroxidase and 36% for phenol oxidase
and pH was the crucial parameter affecting on these enzyme activities.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citação
PURCENA, Luiza Luanna Amorim. Prospecção de enzimas de solo de Cerrado sob plantio de cana-de-açúcar. 2014. 106 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.