O uso do planetário da UFG para o ensino das estações do ano: uma investigação sobre aprendizagem na Geografia
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Data
2013-12-17
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The seasons of the year are an astronomical topic of great relevance to geographical studies.
Approach the seasons from the Earth's surface requires understanding of the apparent annual
movement of the Sun on the celestial sphere. It is a broad subject that, in most cases, is not
satisfactorily understood by students or even by teachers. Several studies have pointed to
various problems about the teaching and learning of the seasons. The causes range from poor
training of teachers regarding astronomical themes to the high level of abstraction that these
contents require in order to be understood. On the other hand, the planetariums constitute
prime locations for the (re)construction of knowledge, because they meet appropriate
conditions for pedagogical practice of topics involving the celestial phenomena. This is a
space whose function is the teaching and dissemination of interdisciplinary scientific
knowledge, being the astronomical more evidenced. In this perspective, we conducted a case
study within the Planetarium of UFG whose general objective is to investigate, through the
learning of students evaluated, if really this space science is effective for teaching the seasons
of the year and what are their contributions in this context, whether they are positive or not.
The Planetarium of UFG has an optical-mechanical projector with topocentric reference, in
other words, a system of reference centered at the place of observation, on the Earth's surface.
The empirical work involved 56 students through the application of two questionnaires
directly related to a class held inside the dome of the planetarium. It was found that 24
students have achieved a good learning at the summit, 19 had a median learning and 13 had a
poor learning. Although they remained several conceptual confusions, the lesson in the dome
provided students with the development of a more decentralized and reversible reasoning of
spatial relations between the observer and the directions of the geographical space, indicated
by apparent annual movement of the Sun in the sky. Thus, we intend to discuss throughout
this work the capacity of the Planetarium of UFG have to contribute to the learning of the
seasons through the topocentric reference, making conceptual changes from the previous
ideas found in students investigated.
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Citação
ALVES, F. R. J. O uso do planetário da UFG para o ensino das estações do ano: uma investigação sobre aprendizagem na Geografia. 2013. 237 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.