Padronização para colheita e conservação de amostras de braquiária para quantificação de saponina e toxidade subcrônica da diosgenina em Cavia porcellus
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2017-03-02
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The genus Brachiaria has provided important forage species to the countries located in tropical regions. However, this genus of grass is associated with photosensitization and poisoning in animal production. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish the standard for collection, processing, and conservation of Brachiaria brizantha for protodioscin quantification and spore count from Pithomyces chartarum and the evaluation of guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) as an experimental model of poisoning by diosgenin. For Brachiaria brizantha evaluation, samples were collected from eight pastures, which were subdivided into young leaves, mature leaves, old leaves, and whole plant. After that, the samples were submitted to nine different drying and conservation treatments. After separation and treatment of the samples, saponins were quantified and spores were counted. In most of treatments, the young leaves presented larger amounts of protodioscin than the old leaves and the whole plant. The treatments that maintained the highest amounts of protodioscin were room temperature, oven, and oven with forced air circulation. No fungal spores were found in the pasture samples. Thus, we concluded that the concentration of protodioscin varies with the maturation stage of the leaves; drying at room temperature, in an oven, or in an oven with forced air circulation are the best methods, and freezing plants for preservation of protodioscin is not recommended. In the guinea pigs evaluation, 14 guinea pigs were divided into two groups, the treatment group (TG) and the control group (CG). The TG received 480 mg/kg of diosgenin and the CG received only vegetable oil. Both groups received the treatment for 30 days. Blood samples were collected on day 0 (M0) and day 30 (M30) for blood cell count and biochemical analyzes. In clinical biochemistry, the analyzes were performed for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl trasferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, lactate, cholinesterase, and calcium. Hematology and biochemistry did not present alterations, which could not be related to hepatic disease caused by saponins. In histology, only one animal had bile duct hyperplasia, the other alterations observed were generally nonspecific. Therefore, we concluded that the administration of 480 mg/kg of diosgenin to guinea pigs did not produce significant hepatic lesions or hematological and biochemical alterations related to liver disease.
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GOULART, D. S. Padronização para colheita e conservação de amostras de braquiária para quantificação de saponina e toxidade subcrônica da diosgenina em Cavia porcellus. 2017. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Animal) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.