Homogeneização biótica em ambientes aquáticos continentais
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2018-03-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The increase in similarity among communities is a process known as biotic homogenization. In
freshwater ecosystems, biotic homogenization may be promoted by different natural (e.g. flood
pulse) and human (e.g. land use) causes. In the first chapter, I reviewed the main causes and
consequences of freshwater homogenization. In the second chapter, using an experimental
approach, I showed that habitat simplification may cause homogenization of periphytic algae, but
the results depended on how dissimilarity was estimated. In the third chapter, using zooplankton
and macrophytes data, I showed that floods homogenized individual lakes across time but did not
make the lakes spatially more similar. In the fourth chapter, I demonstrated that taxonomic beta
diversity of aquatic insects was higher among tropical streams but functional beta diversity was
higher among boreal streams. The increase of environmental harshness and decrease of
environmental heterogeneity did not cause taxonomic or functional homogenization of aquatic
insects among tropical or boreal streams. Finally, in the fifth chapter, I found in a meta-analysis
that human modified streams have low species richness and equitability, although a distinct species
composition regarding to reference streams. However, land-use changes did not cause biotic
homogenization. Although the effects of possible biotic homogenization causes are still
controversy, we recommend that biodiversity studies should include beta diversity to better
understand mechanisms structuring communities under pressure of human or natural disturbances.
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PETSCH, D. K. Homogeneização biótica em ambientes aquáticos continentais. 2018. 167 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018.