Conchas mamárias e educação em saúde no pré-natal com demonstração clínica para a prevenção da dor e do trauma mamilar em lactantes: estudo quase-experimental
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2021-03-04
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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INTRODUCTION: Although the benefits of breastfeeding are well documented in the scientific literature, many mothers still discontinue it earlier than recommended, especially due to the occurrence of nipple pain and trauma. There is a gap in clinical studies that compare health education with clinical demonstration, and the use of some ointment or device during prenatal care, to prevent nipple soreness. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of breast shells for the prevention of nipple pain and trauma in lactating women. METHODOLOGY: Quasi-experimental, with 62 pregnant women undergoing prenatal care in Goiânia-GO. The women were divided into a Control Group (n = 33), which received health education with clinical demonstration, and an Experimental Group (n = 29), which received the same education protocol, plus a pair of breast shells for use during prenatal and continued in the postpartum period. The study occurred in three meetings: first meeting was a section of health education during prenatal consultations; the second was a phone call to reinforce the orientation, and the third, was a visit in the first 14 days of postpartum to evaluate the occurrence of nipple pain and trauma. RESULTS: There was nipple trauma (50.0%) and nipple pain (68.0%). Regarding sociodemographic variables, primiparity was associated with nipple pain (p = 0.036), while lower education level was a protective factor for nipple trauma (p = 0.001). In breastfeeding technique observed by the breastfeeding assessment form, the parameter for "unfavorable breast condition" was associated with pain (p <0.001) and nipple trauma (p = 0.006). Furthermore, the presence of pathological breast engorgement was associated with nipple pain (p = 0.019) and started on the third day for the CG and was postponed until the fifth day for the EG, with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.001). Health education has contributed significantly to the adoption of breast and nipple care and increased the frequency of favorable breastfeeding patterns. The women in the study were satisfied with the use of the breast shell. CONCLUSION: The educational intervention in prenatal care combined with the use of the breast shell was not effective in preventing nipple pain or trauma, although it has delayed the onset of breast engorgement by up to five days.
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CECÍLIO, J. O. Conchas mamárias e educação em saúde no pré-natal com demonstração clínica para a prevenção da dor e do trauma mamilar em lactantes: estudo quase-experimental. 2021. 122 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.