Associação entre variáveis ambientais relacionadas a criadouros de Aedes aegypti e doenças arbovirais em comunidades rurais e tradicionais de Goiás, Brasil
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2022-12-08
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) represent a threat to public health
and infect people all over the world, mainly in the Americas, due to environmental conditions
favorable to the proliferation of the vector. The main objective of this dissertation was to associate
environmental variables with Aedes aegypti breeding sites and arboviral diseases. For this, the
specific objectives were to identify and assess the relevance of which environmental variables
aggravate the existence of Aedes aegypti breeding sites and/or the occurrence of dengue, Zika and
chikungunya in the rural area (article 1). To analyze the relationship of 81,3% of the variablesidentified in the literature review to seroprevalence for arboviral diseases in rural and traditional
communities in Goiás (article 2). Identify potential sites favorable to the reproduction of culicid
vectors in the peridomicile in rural communities with families affected by dengue, Zika and/or
chikungunya, and analyze the relationship between the number of breeding sites found and the
seroprevalence for the three arboviruses (article 3). The methodology consisted of carrying out a
systematic literature review (SLR) with a search for publications using Strings in the Scopus
database and analyzing the studies qualitatively and quantitatively (article 1). Insert seroprevalence
data for dengue, Zika and chikungunya from 39 rural communities distributed among settlements,
quilombolas and riverside communities in the state of Goiás, within the scope of the SanRural
Project, in linear regression models to investigate the relationship with local environmental variables
(article 2). Gather information from peridomiciles regarding the presence of Aedes aegypti vector
breeding sites in 137 households in 13 rural communities in Goiás with families affected by dengue,
Zika and/or chikungunya (article 3). The results obtained were, the RSL resulted in 1007
productions, where 50 were relevant to the theme, which presented 16 different variables involving
three categories, sanitation, climatology and socio-environmental factors, called “integrative”, with
52% of the articles associating, at least, two categories, where sanitation together with indicators
from the integrative category was the combination used in 40% of the studies. Publications began
in 1995, with Brazil at the center of discussions. Dengue was mainly associated in rural areas with
socioeconomic and housing conditions, where sanitation was considered in 66% of the articles a
crucial indicator that can explain the proliferation of vectors in a given region (article 1). 17,4%
(12/70) of the indicators for the three categories of variables showed significant relationships with
seroprevalence for dengue, Zika and/or chikungunya in rural communities in Goiás, notably: altitude
and dengue (p-value <0,001); temperature and Zika; aspects of land use and chikungunya, with pvalue <0,05. The identified associations suggest that populations in rural areas in Brazil can be
infected by arboviruses as much as inhabitants of urban areas, mainly due to the lack of
universalization of sanitation services (article 2). More than 90% of households in 13 rural
communities in Goiás had potential breeding sites for Aedes aegypti, which highlights the real
possibility that culicid vectors have also reached rural areas in the state. The community that had
the highest number of breeding sites with suspected Aedes aegypti vectors was also the one that
resulted in the highest number of individuals affected by arboviruses (article 3). Thus, the present
study is a municipal management tool for decision-making regarding disease prevention, as well as
an alert to municipal health authorities, as implementing public policies is a measure that indirectly
provides vector control and health promotion.
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SILVA, A. C. Associação entre variáveis ambientais relacionadas a criadouros de Aedes aegypti e doenças arbovirais em comunidades rurais e tradicionais de Goiás, Brasil. 2022. 117 f. Dissertação ( Mestrado em Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2022.