Potencial genético e correlação entre caracteres em população de milho branco
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2020-04-23
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
White maize is used for human consumption in the form of grits, flour and
starch. It stands out as an alternative to small farmers, as it has a higher
commercial value. However, there are few white maize cultivars on the market,
and it is important to develop higher yield cultivars of this type. Among the
several maize breeding methods, recurrent selection stands out for allowing the
increase of the frequency of favorable alleles in population for several selective
cycles. However, recurrent selection is only effective when using populations
with good averages and genetic variability for the traits of interest. Thus, the
objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance, genetic
variability and expected genetic gains of a white maize population; and to
estimate the genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations between
agronomic traits, including grain yield. For this purpose, 169 half-siblings
progênies were evaluated using a 13 x 13 triple lattice design, in 2018 second
crop, in the UFG, Goiânia-GO and UFJ, Jataí-GO. The traits evaluated were:
number of days to anthesis, number of days to silking, anthesis-silking interval,
plant height, ear height, ear ratio, stalk lodging, ear prolificacy, kernels per row,
number of kernels per row, ear diameter, ear length, cob diameter, ear weight
and grain yield. Significant differences were found among progenies for all
traits, except stalk lodging, indicating the presence of variability. The genetic
gains with selection ranged from -26.26%, for anthesis-silking interval, to
9.04%, for ear prolificacy. All traits, except ear diameter, exhibited at least one
significant genetic, phenotypic or environmental correlation estimate, indicating
that changes in one trait may change the mean of other correlated. It is
concluded the white maize population presents genetic variability and
satisfactory means for most agronomic traits, including grain yield; thereefore,
the population has the potential to be used in a recurrent selection program.
Indirect selection for grain yield is possible through direct selection for number
of kernels per row and ear weight.
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WATANABE, I. A. M. Potencial genético e correlação entre caracteres em população de milho branco. 2020. 58 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.