Os dilemas socioambientais no entorno do Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros: uma análise pela perspectiva crítica da educação ambiental
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2016-03-31
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The paper resides on the field of critical environmental education, whose perspective is based upon the purposes of being revealing and committed to the transformation of social contexts and to the education of people capable of identifying, questioning, proposing solutions and acting before social environmental questions. The study took place among individuals from Vila de São Jorge, located near Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park (PNCV), in Goiás. The population is composed mainly by former miners and most of them are submitted to difficult survival situations. Interventions from those people in situations of social contexts of the Vila could contribute to the constitution of better living conditions; however, this intervention is low in the village. In order to analyze what would most favor the participation of the community, we have developed a case study which counted with 44 people and whose data collection took place in different periods of time during three years. We have used instruments recommended for qualitative research and have applied the content analysis method through the technique of categorization. Thus, through the perspective of critical environmental education, we have analyzed the conceptions of environment, the conceptions and practices of environmental education, and individuals’ interests and participations. Inferences were possible through the meaning of the messages which emerged from the interviews with the individuals with the support of information from other sources. The analysis about individuals’ interests and participation shows prevalence of natural dimensions of space, which favors a synergy of actions to decrease degradation, yet which reflects an ‘ecologized’ perspective of the social difficulties seen in the analysis. Those interests and participation relate to the prevailing conception of environment as resource which conditions utilitarian views. Other conceptions/practices of environmental education with holistic perspectives, of awareness and naturalist, also appear in the analysis. Nevertheless, once they do not intend to explicit the contradictions in their process, they do not stimulate questioning postures or interventions in the poor living conditions in the place. Therefore, abstracted from multiple social relations, they little contribute to comprehending social environmental problems more deeply. Critical views of space and interactions, which are propitious to the stimulus of individuals’ participation, appear among the interviewed people, even though minimally. Situated in social and political dimensions, such views could contribute to the critical development of the human being, which is an important factor in the fight for better living conditions. The study of those categories allowed us to conclude that the aspects the favor more participation from the community are reduced. Even though, we consider that such aspects could promote participation, once they assume critical interventions from the individuals, and they can be widened to a larger number of people through interaction with one another, favored by spaces such as the associations at Vila de São Jorge.
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OLIVEIRA, A. S. Os dilemas socioambientais no entorno do Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros: uma análise pela perspectiva crítica da educação ambiental. 2016. 167 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Ambientais) - Universidade Federal de Goiás,Goiânia, 2016.