Mudanças na cobertura e uso da terra e impactos ambientais nas áreas úmidas na Chapada do Bugre (Triângulo Mineiro) entre 1987 e 2018
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2019-03-15
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The Chapadas are environments formed by several ecosystems with great physical and biological diversity, represented by the humid systems composed by veredas / murundus fields and other environments belonging to the dissected areas. Chapada do Bugre, the object of study, is located in the Rio Paranaíba/Rio Grande’s Interfluvium and can be considered representative of similar landscapes in Central Brazil that have undergone the process of converting the Cerrado into mechanized pastures and monocultures. The aim of this work is to analyze the landscape dynamics of this Chapada, located between the cities of Uberlândia and Uberaba, considering its dynamism, the land use between 1987 and 2017 and the environmental impacts on its wetlands in veredas and murundus fields. The work was developed from bibliographic research, field work and data analysis and interpretation, having as methodological focus the application of geotechnologies, represented by Geographic Information System (GIS), Satellite Positioning System (GPS), remote sensing and geoprocessing for landscape study. The results of this research quantify a reduction of approximately 49% of vegetation cover (a reduction of 463.7 km² in native vegetation of these environments). Such reduction occurs concurrently with the reduction of wetlands, which had a shrinkage of occupied area by 25%, from approximately 477 km², in 1987, to 357 km² in 2018 (a loss of approximately 119 km² of wetlands). Among the main types of impacts observed in the region, the following stand out: drainage of hydromorphic depression, insertion of exotic species (pinus) in murundus area, water with altered natural properties, roads crossing wetlands of murundus fields, water dam in vereda environment for agriculture irrigation.
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MONTEIRO, Marcelo Cardoso. Mudanças na cobertura e uso da terra e impactos ambientais nas áreas úmidas na Chapada do Bugre (Triângulo Mineiro) entre 1987 e 2018. 2019. 125 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.