Identificação de bactérias ambientais obtidas em amostras de água em comunidades quilombolas de Goiás
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2020-03-17
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Water quality has already been related to only aesthetic and sensory aspects, such as color, odor and taste. Today, in
response to advances in understanding the relationship between contaminated water and disease, a series of regulations
are proposed by the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health that regulate the potability of water for human
consumption. Based on studies and surveys on the way of life of two quilombola communities located in Aparecida de
Goiânia and Silvânia, in the State of Goiás, the present work proposed the verification of the microbiological,
physicochemical and toxicological quality of the water consumed by the residents of these communities. For the
analyzes, samples of water from artesian wells and cisterns that supply the residences were collected and used for
consumption in the Quilombola communities mentioned. A physical-chemical analysis was carried out by means of pH
verification, alkalinity, hardness, physicality, turbidity, nitrate concentration and potentially toxic metals. The process
of demonstration for a microbiological analysis began with the detection of coliforms followed by iso-regulation and
phenotypic identification of isolated colonies, with the final recognition of two genera / species, which were
subsequently submerged in the analysis of antibiotic resistance profile. The DNA of two bacterial isolates has been
extracted and used for amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. A comparison between the results obtained
from the phenotypic identification and the ones based on the genomic sequence was carried out. In addition, at
hyperspectral image (HSI) two isolates were obtained in camara SWIR, for classification, based on spectral signature.
The results show that, as we have obtained, the Quilombola community of Aparecida de Goiânia has 16 bacterial isolates,
considering that Klebsiella pneumoniae was more frequent (four isolates) with the collected points; followed by
Escherichia coli (three isolated). As we have collected from the community of Silvânia, we show that there are no
significant values for physicochemical analyzes and potentially toxic metals. The microbiological data showed 32
isolates, weaning, Acinetobacter lwoffii was a species more frequent (nine isolates), followed by Staphylococcus
auricularis (seven isolates), with a large number of bacteria showing resistance to multiple antibiotics. Expressive were
the differences generated between a phenotypic identification and genomic sequences; less than 20% two isolates
achieved gender level agreement. It was possible, by means of HSI analyzes, to separate the bacterial isolates in different
groups, and is not a group of isolates, in genus and species. Based on the technique used, there were no significant values
for the physical-chemical and potentially toxic metal analyzes. Based on two observed results, it becomes important to
perform actions, by the public power, that aim to improve water quality and in consequence of the life quality of people
that live in studied communities. In addition, the use of appropriate methodologies for identifying environmentallybased bacteria, not being confidential or using phenotypic characteristics, is highlighted. Through the need for bacterial
identification methodologies, it is considered that or use of HSI for this purpose, it will briefly be a common practice,
for the construction of more robust data banks.
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GAMA, A. R. Identificação de bactérias ambientais obtidas em amostras de água em comunidades quilombolas de Goiás. 2020. 150 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia da Relação Parasito-Hospedeiro) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.