Parâmetros genéticos para características produtivas e de eficiência alimentar em bovinos Guzerá
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2021-02-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The Guzerat breed makes a great contribution to Brazilian livestock due to its rusticity and survival in the tropics, in addition to presenting favorable production rates regarding growth, fertility and feed efficiency. These characteristics are important criteria in determining the zootechnical and bioeconomic indexes within the production system. However, it is essential to understand the behavior of these characteristics, especially the residual food consumption, which has been used as a parameter for identifying animals that are efficient in the use of food, given that there is still little work in the literature on the Guzerat breed regarding the impact of selection for residual food consumption on the performance of characteristics of economic importance. The characteristics evaluated were weight at 120 (W120), 210 (W210), 365 (W365), and 450 (W450) days of age, scrotal circumference at 365 (SC365) and 450 (SC450) days of age, rib eye area (REA), backfat thickness (BF), rump fat thickness (RF), residual feed intake (RFI) and dry matter intake (DMI). The estimation of genetic parameters was performed by the method of maximum restricted likelihood (REML), under animal model in uni, bi and multi trait analyzes, in order to determine the genetic and phenotypic associations between these characteristics, and consequently the genetic planning and the indices selection without causing antagonisms in both characteristics. Heritability for growth characteristics, P120, P210, P365, P450, PE365 showed low to moderate coefficients in the three analyzes, uni (0.17, 0.21, 0.32, 0.39), bi (0.18, 0.22, 0.33, 0.39) and multi (0.34, 0.38, 0.35, 0.39), respectively. The carcass-related characteristics showed low to moderate heritability, AOL (0.24 to 0.27), EG (0.09 to 0.10) and EGP8 (0.29 to 0.31), whereas the characteristics of efficiency showed low coefficient of heritability varying from 0.14 to 0.23. CAR showed low genetic correlations with characteristics of growth (-0.07 to 0.22), reproduction (0.03 to 0.05) and carcass (-0.35 to 0.16), with the exception of CMS (0.42 to 0.46). In general, heritability and genetic correlations expressed considerable genetic variability and significant genetic gains can be obtained through selection for feeding efficiency, growth, reproduction and carcass characteristics in the Guzerat breed, and can be included simultaneously in selection programs, without causing genetic damage. or economic and thus promote greater genetic progress of the herds.
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PEREIRA, L. S. Parâmetros genéticos para características produtivas e de eficiência alimentar em bovinos Guzerá. 2021. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.