Interação de genótipos com ambientes para qualidade de grãos carioca e caracteres agronômicos em feijoeiro-comum
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2015-10-07
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
In the common bean crop, environmental influence and the differential behavior of
genotypes to environments they have been reported for various important traits, and
not restricted to grain yield. Initially, the producers crave for cultivars with high grain
yield, early, maturing, upright plant architecture that is conducive to direct
mechanized harvesting, commercial grain size and disease resistant. Unlike, the other
segments of the production chain crave for grains with other attributes. For industry
it is important that new cultivars present grains with high technology quality and
processing and for consumers higher nutritional, cuisine and functional quality. Thus,
these characteristics need to be combined to meeting the demands of the entire chain
and enable the adoption of a new cultivar. And for this, the factors that influence the
phenotypic expression of these traits require more studies. The objetive of this study
were i) to study the effect of the genotype x environment interaction (GxE) in the
grain yield associated with agronomic and grain quality traits and ii) identify carioca
common bean genotypes that have simultaneously high adaptability and stability for
these traits. Were conducted 79 trials Cultivation Value and Use (CVU) with carioca
common bean lines, distributed in Distrito Federal and States of Goiás, Distrito
Federal, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraná, Santa Catarina, São Paulo,
Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas and Sergipe. These experiments were conducted in the
years 2011, 2012 and 2013, the sowing times of dry, winter and rainy. The
experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications and plots
of four lines, with 4 m row. The experiments consisted of 17 carioca common bean
genotypes: thirteen elite lines and four controls (BRS Estilo, Pérola, BRS Sublime e
CNFC 10762). The agronomic traits were evaluated: grain yield, plant architecture,
lodging and reaction to anthracnose, angular leaf spot, common bacterial blight and
wilt bacterial wilt, in addition to grain quality traits: visual aspect of grain, sieve in
yield, 100 100 weight, cooking time and crude protein concentration. Individual and
combined analyses of variance were realizedand analysis of adaptability and stability,
the Nunes graphical method, for all characters. The index posts sum was used for the
selection of genotypes favorable phenotypes for most traits, in addition to adaptability
and joint stability. High environmental influence and interaction GxE in phenotypic
expression for agronomic traits and traits related to grain quality was detected. It was
possible to select genotypes with superiority for each character set. The use of the
estimates of adaptability and stability combined with selection index was useful in
evaluating genotype performance against the environmental variations. The lines
CNFC 15033, CNFC 15070, CNFC 15025, CNFC 15049 and CNFC 15086 combined
phenotypic good sized, high adaptability and stability for most agronomic traits. The
genotypes who stand out for grain quality characters were CNFC 15097, CNFC 15038,
CNFC 15025, CNFC 15033 and BRS Estilo. From these results, CNFC 15025, CNFC
15033, CNFC 15097 and CNFC 15038 line highlighted by to associate traits of
agronomic interest the high quality of grain, as well as being stable and adapted to
different cropping regions. Thus, these breeding lines have potential to be indicated
as new cultivars and/or used as parents in breeding programs aimed at improving
these phenotypes.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citação
SILVA, F. C. Interação de genótipos com ambientes para qualidade de grãos carioca e caracteres agronômicos em feijoeiro-comum. 2015. 194 f. Tese (Doutorado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2015.