Alterações genômicas e mutagênicas em duas espécies de anfíbios anuros
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2015-02-20
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Amphibian populations have declined in many areas of the world. These declines seem to have
worsened over the past 25 years and amphibians are now more threatened than other taxa, such
as mammals or birds. Numerous factors contribute to this decrease; however, environmental
pollution has recently been cited as a major factor. These vertebrates are important in natural
control of several pests in natural and agricultural areas, where they are constantly exposed to
large amounts of pesticides. Genotoxicity studies with amphibians are important to detect
indicator species of environmental change. Amphibians are particularly sensitive to these
variations due to their behavioral and physiological characteristics, such as, permeable skin
(cutaneous respiration), low mobility and life cycle with simultaneous dependence of the
aquatic and terrestrial environment. In this context, these animals could be used as bioindicators
of the environmental quality in genotoxicity and mutagenicity studies. The aim of this study
was to analyze the genomic damage in tadpoles of Dendropsophus minutus and Physalaemus
cuvieri sampled in perturbed and natural areas, by the comet assay and micronucleus test. We
found that the tadpoles of D. minutus and P. cuvieri collected in perturbed areas had the highest
extensions of DNA damage compared to the tadpoles of natural areas. Tadpoles sampled in
soybean crop areas had higher DNA damage, followed by those sampled in the cornfields. In
contrast, the frequency of DNA damage in tadpoles of natural areas were significantly lower in
relation to DNA damage suffered by tadpoles of agricultural areas. Thus, we can conclude that
tadpoles of D. minutus and P. cuvieri sampled in this study can be considered excellent sentinel
organisms, as they were sensitive to environmental changes. In addition, we can highlight the
advantages of using the comet assay in environmental genotoxicity studies, such as its speed,
high sensitivity in detecting DNA damage in the genome of amphibians, for a relatively low
cost. However, it is necessary to invest in the standardization of methodologies for field studies,
thus the results could be compared between different laboratories, and make environmental
genotoxicity studies, involving aquatic organisms, more informative and applicable as a
practical laboratory routine.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Anuros , Bioindicadores , Girinos , Genotoxicidade , Mutagenicidade , Anura , Bioindicators , Tadpoles , Genotoxicity , Mutagenicity
Citação
GONÇALVES, M. W. Alterações genômicas e mutagênicas em duas espécies de anfíbios anuros. 2015. 63 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genetica e Biologia Molecular) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2015.