Micropropagação de Bambusa oldhamii Munro e biocaracterização de fungos endofíticos multifuncionais
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2018-07-20
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
In micropropagation, seedlings are produced in large scale with homogeneity, which can be
potentiated with photomixotrophic systems, which improve the physiological quality of the
seedlings. Endophytic fungi of bamboo have the potential of producing substances that can
promote biofertilization and antagonism against pathogens. An example of application is
antagonism against Magnaporhe oryzae, considered the main pathogen of rice. The objective
of this work was to establish the micropropagation protocol of Bambusa oldhamii; besides
characterizing endophytic fungi of this species, verify the biofertilizer potential in rice and
potential antagonist against M. oryzae. Buds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented
with 0.45 μM Tidiazuron-TDZ, 0.2% (w / v) PPM (Plant Preservative Mixture) and 50 mg L-1
kanamycin. The treatments consisted of: different months of collection (March-December
2016) x types of cap (heterotrophic and photomixotrophic system) x luminous conditions
(100% blue (455nm), 100% red (630nm), 30% blue + 70% For the multiplication, shoots
were inoculated in MS medium + 2.27 μM TDZ or 3.40 μM Paclobutrazol - PBZ. The fungal
isolates that were observed in the in vitro culture were identified and characterized
biochemically, besides antagonism to M. oryzae and microbiolization of rice seeds, June and
July were constituted in the best months of collection, and the climatic variables that most
interfered in the morphogenesis were minimum temperature and compensated mean.
Photomixotrophic system was superior in the multiplication with TDZ, with increase of 59.51%
in 30% blue + 70% red, 70.80% in 30% red + 7 0% blue, and 50.49% in white fluorescent
lights. PBZ was higher in carotenoid production, with a mean of 128.02 μg / mL in blue light
and conventional lids. TDZ was higher than PBZ when blue was not present. Five potential
fungal isolates were identified, 29 (Acrocalymma sp.), 122 (Botryobambusa fusicoccum) 711
(Phoma sp.), 712 (Phoma sp.) And 27 (Arthrinium marii) isolates 711, 712, 27 and 29
produced PPO. The isolate 29 produced higher amounts of AIA, with 31.55 mg / mL on the
fourth day. It was observed a reduction of mycelial growth of M. oryzae by all isolates, with
emphasis on isolate 122. Isolate 711 presented phosphate solubilization, and higher mean
shoot length, fresh and dry mass in rice microbiolization. An efficient micropropagation
protocol of B. oldhamii using a photomixotrophic system with 30% blue + 70% red LEDs
could be established, as well as the identification of a fungal isolate promising for
biofertilization, which could be the basis for new studies with rooting of B. oldhamii and
promotion of growth in newly acclimatized species.
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Citação
SILVEIRA, A. A. C. Micropropagação de Bambusa oldhamii Munro e biocaracterização de fungos endofíticos multifuncionais. 2018. 74 f. Tese (Doutorado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018.