Seleção de genótipos de cana-energia em produção orgânica e convencional e resposta a adubação
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2020-03-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The objective of this work was to select energy cane genotypes in different agricultural production systems (organic and conventional) and to evaluate the influences of fertilization on some phenotypic and agronomic characteristics in first and second year harvest. The two field studies were carried out in an experimental area belonging to the Federal University of Goiás, in Goiânia-GO, one of the experiments being carried out in an area certified as organic by IBD (certificate GO-022-001) and the other in a conventional area. A greenhouse test was also set up. The soils in the experimental areas (organic and conventional) are classified as Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico and the one used in the greenhouse is the Latossolo Vermelho Ácrico. In the field experiments, the test was carried out in plots consisting of 7.5 m2 per plot with borders of 1.5 m (5 meters in length, spaced in 1.5 m) with the planting of sheets containing three buds in 30 cm furrows. depth, with three sheets per meter. The experimental design was a randomized block with five replications. And in a field experiment, the treatments were: T1- Organic fertilization (200 m3 / ha of biofertilizer) and T2- Control (without fertilization) and the second factor, the genotypes: UFPR 1274, UFPR 1230, UFPR 12180 and UFPR 127004. In the greenhouse, the experimental design was randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme, 2x5, the first factor being: T1- Nitrogen fertilization (50 mg / kg of urea) T2- Control (without fertilization) and the second factor, the genotypes: RB 127008, UFPR 1230, UFPR 1213, UFPR 1274 and a commercial cultivar with four replications. 24 energy cane genotypes were used, obtained from the Energy Cane Genetic Improvement Program at the Federal University of Viçosa (PMGCA / UFV / RIDESA). The agronomic and phenotypic variables carried out in the field studies were: content of soluble solids (Brix°), plant color, plant height, stem diameter and total biomass. The variables evaluated in the greenhouse study were: plant height, stem diameter; root growth, root volume and leaf area. It is concluded that the energy cane genotypes evaluated show high productivity, showing great potential for planting in conventional system. The genotypes with the highest performance in terms of biomass are: RB 127004, UFPR 12157, UFPR 1265, UFPR 12180 and UFPR 1277 in the conventional system and RB 127004 and RB 127035, UFPR 1273, UFPR 12180 and RB 127024 in the organic system. The phenotypic variable that correlates with biomass in the two production systems is the stem diameter. The energy cane genotypes evaluated are not responsible for chemical nitrogen fertilization or organic fertilization. The genotypes UFPR 1274 and the commercial variety show higher performances in terms of leaf area under nitrogen fertilization and the genotypes with higher performances in terms of biomass are: RB 127008 and UFPR 127004 under organic fertilization.
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SANTOS, T. R. Seleção de genótipos de cana-energia em produção orgânica e convencional e resposta a adubação. 2020. 72 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás,Goiânia, 2020.