Planejamento, síntese guiada por QSAR, avaliação biológica e modelagem molecular de chalconas com atividade antituberculose
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2017-04-06
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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In view of the current panorama of tuberculosis (TB) pandemic in the world, aggravated by co-infection with the HIV virus and the emergence of resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb.), The research and discovery of new Anti-TB drugs. The present work aimed at the planning, synthesis and biological evaluation of new compounds with anti-TB activity, candidates for TB drugs. Structure and activity relationship (SAR) studies were developed using Matched Pair Molecular Analysis (MMPA) and binary models of quantitative relations between structure and activity (QSAR) using a combination of molecular fingerprints and machine learning methods. Bioisosteric replacement were proposed to plan new aryl and heteroaryl chalcones using the information obtained from SAR and QSAR analyses. Thirty-three compounds were selected by the consensus QSAR model for the synthesis. These compounds were synthesized and their structures confirmed by infrared (IR), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and carbon (13C NMR) spectroscopic methods and mass spectrometry (MS). Compounds which showed high purity (≥95% in HPLC) were tested against strains of M. tb. H37Rv (sensitive) and resistant to rifampicin (RMP) or isoniazid (INH). In addition, they were also tested in mammalian cell cytotoxicity assays and activity spectrum. We identified 22 hits with anti-TB activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in M. tb. H37Rv in aerobic conditions (MABA) <10 μM. Of these, 12 compounds exhibited potent M. tb. replication activity on nanomolar scale, with MIC values in MABA <1 μM and in micromolar under anaerobic conditions (LORA) with MIC <10 μM. In addition, these compounds also showed potent inhibitory activity against monoresistant strains at RMP or INH (MIC <1 μM and MIC <10 μM, respectively). Hits also demonstrated low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells (Vero cells) and selectivity index between 11 and 545 for M. tb. The same selectivity was verified in the activity spectrum assay against four commensal strains and six strains of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTMs), in which the compounds presented broad spectrum against the NTMs strains. These results demonstrated that the combination of in silico strategies for the design of aryl and heteroaryl chalcones was efficient in identifying new compounds that proved to be potent, selective and promising candidates for prototypes of anti-TB drugs.
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GOMES, M.N. Planejamento, síntese guiada por QSAR, avaliação biológica e modelagem molecular de chalconas com atividade antituberculose. 2017. 230 f. Tese (Doutorado em Inovação Farmacêutica em Rede) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.