Influência das variáveis ambientais na qualidade das águas do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica da Ferreira Gomes - Amapá
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2019-06-29
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The analytical approach to water quality is necessary not only for environmental studies but also
for economic studies, since the development of the state of Amapá and the municipality of Ferreira
Gomes, the region selected for this study, depends directly on this natural resource. However, it is
noted that in the central region of the state, the problem of water quality increases due to the large
amount of organic matter concentration in areas that are flooded and flooded during the
construction of reservoirs, which causes vast amounts of concentration of carbon in the
environment generate processes of water degradation. In addition, this problem is aggravated by
the change in water quality in the reservoirs of the Araguari River, located downstream of the
Ferreira Gomes Energia reservoir dam. Thus, the motivation of this work stems from this situation,
which requires a continuous monitoring of the biota, so that there is no great damage to the
environment and, consequently, to the quality of the water. Therefore, for the study of the direct
contribution basin present in the reservoir, it is necessary to survey the various physical factors that
may influence the water quality in the reservoir of the Ferreira Gomes HPP. From this, it was
necessary to present the model of environmental vulnerability that presents the areas that are most
likely if there are erosive processes. This work, therefore, had the objective of studying and
analyzing the variables that influence the water quality of the aforementioned reservoir. To do so,
the following methodology was adopted: (1) the delimitation of the study area and the mapping of
this field work area to obtain a survey of its physical factors; (2) the construction of models of the
entire catchment basin; and (3) the collection of water at various points in the reservoir, both for
physical and chemical analysis in the laboratory, and for the analysis of the spectral behavior of
each point, by means of the portable spectroradiometer. Thus, it was identified that 35% of the
ombrophilous forest area was flooded with the reservoir construction. In addition, environmental
vulnerability studies have shown that 15% of the direct contribution basin area is more likely to
have erosive processes. Finally, in relation to water quality, the physico-chemical parameters
classify the water body as class 1 according to CONAMA resolution 357 of 2005, due to the large
amount of organic matter concentration in the water and the decomposition of the biomass that was
flooded with the construction of the reservoir; the water has a dark coloration and contains a low
concentration of suspended sediments, which presents a low correlation of the reflectance with the
evaluated optically active components.
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BELÉM, F. L. Influência das variáveis ambientais na qualidade das águas do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica da Ferreira Gomes - Amapá. 2019. 252 f. Tese (Doutorado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.