2016-02-232015-08-26BRITO, R. B. Farmacogenética em psiquiatria: influência dos polimorfismos CYP1A2*1F e CYP2C19*17 na refratariedade ao tratamento à clozapina e ao escitalopram. 2015. 70 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2015.http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5265The aim of pharmacogenetics is to understand the hereditary basis of therapeutic response and side effects of pharmacological agents for each individual. Antipsychotics and antidepressants are effective drugs for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (MDD) treatment, respectively. Although a number of patients respond satisfactorily to antipsychotics and antidepressants, 20-40% of them present inadequate response, and the treatment with ineffective medication may take weeks of unremitted illness, potential adverse drug reactions and nonadherence to treatment. This study aims to identify polymorphisms in genes that potentially influence the treatment response to clozapine in schizophrenic patients and the treatment with escitalopram in MDD patients. This approach involved the study of CYP1A2 and CYP2C19 genes related to the metabolism of these drugs and which may to affect the efficacy of treatment. It was studied 54 schizophrenic patients taking clozapine and 31 patients with MDD treated with escitalopram, both for long term. The investigated polymorphisms, CYP1A2*1F in schizophrenic patients and CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*17 in depressive patients, were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing (CYP1A2*1F) or by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) (CYP2C19*2 and *17) techniques. The results pointed for the association between CYP1A2*1F polymorphism and super-refractory clozapine treatment and for the association between CYP2C19*17 polymorphism and the decreased response to escitalopram treatment. No association was observed between CYP2C19*2 and the response to escitalopram treatment. These findings suggest that these genetic variants have an important influence on the treatment effectiveness of antipsychotics and antidepressants in psychiatric disorders, as schizophrenia and MDD. The pharmacogenetics may be useful to the psychiatrists helping in the choice of drugs and doses more efficient for each patient, reducing suffering and costs and contributing to improve the quality of life for patients and families.application/pdfAcesso AbertoCYP450EsquizofreniaTranstorno depressivo maiorRefratariedadeFarmacogenéticaCYP450SchizophreniaMajor depressive disorderRefractorinessPharmacogeneticCIENCIAS BIOLOGICASTese