2025-01-092025-01-092020SAMPAIO, L. S. et al. Assessment of sowing dates and plant densities using CSM-CROPGRO-Soybean for soybean maturity groups in low latitude. Journal of Agricultural Science, Richmond Hill, v. 158, n. 10, p. 819-832, 2020. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859621000204. Disponível em: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-agricultural-science/article/assessment-of-sowing-dates-and-plant-densities-using-csmcropgrosoybean-for-soybean-maturity-groups-in-low-latitude/9896384D6614F83C3804872F7F1C3CAD. Acesso em: 13 nov. 2024.1916-9752e- 1916-9760http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br//handle/ri/26246Crop models can be used to explain yield variations associated with management practices, environment and genotype. This study aimed to assess the effect of plant densities using CSM-CROPGRO-Soybean for low latitudes. The crop model was calibrated and evaluated using data from field experiments, including plant densities (10, 20, 30 and 40 plants per m²), maturity groups (MG 7.7 and 8.8) and sowing dates (calibration: 06 Jan., 19 Jan., 16 Feb. 2018; and evaluation: 19 Jan. 2019). The model simulated phenology with a bias lower than 2 days for calibration and 7 days for evaluation. Relative root mean square error for the maximum leaf area index varied from 12.2 to 31.3%; while that for grain yield varied between 3 and 32%. The calibrated model was used to simulate different management scenarios across six sites located in the low latitude, considering 33 growing seasons. Simulations showed a higher yield for 40 pl per m², as expected, but with greater yield gain increments occurring at low plant density going from 10 to 20 pl per m². In Santarém, Brazil, MG 8.8 sown on 21 Feb. had a median yield of 2658, 3197, 3442 and 3583 kg/ha, respectively, for 10, 20, 30 and 40 pl per m², resulting in a relative increase of 20, 8 and 4% for each additional 10 pl per m². Overall, the crop model had adequate performance, indicating a minimum recommended plant density of 20 pl per m², while sowing dates and maturity groups showed different yield level and pattern across sites in function of the local climate.engAcesso Abertohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Crop managementCrop modellingGlycine max LLate maturity groupPotential yieldArtigo10.1017/S0021859621000204