2025-07-212025-07-212015MOURA, Maria Edileuza Soares et al. Low rate of transmitted drug resistance may indicate low access to antiretroviral treatment in Maranhão state, northeast Brazil. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, Larchmont, v. 31, n. 2, p. 250-254, 2015. DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.0261. Disponível em: https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/aid.2014.0261. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2025.0889-2229e- 1931-8405https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/aid.2014.0261The Brazilian AIDS epidemic is characterized by significant geographic contrasts: a reduction in incidence and mortality in the epicenter (southeast) and an increase in the northeast. HIV-1-transmitted drug resistance (TDR) and genetic diversity were investigated among 106 antiretroviral (ARV)-naive patients from Maranhão State, northeast. The HIV-1 protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions were sequenced; subtypes were assigned by REGA/phylogenetic analysis. TDR to the nucleoside/nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI/NNRTI) and protease inhibitor (PI) was identified by the Calibrated Population Resistance tool (Stanford). The median age was 31 years (range 18–72), with 54.7% women, 78.3% heterosexual transmission, and 17.9% men who have sex with men (MSM). Around 30% had <350 CD4+ T cells/μl and 47.2% had plasma viral loads ≤10,000 copies/ml. The TDR rate was 3.8% (4/106; CI 95%, 1.2–8.9%) (three males, two of them MSM). Only single class mutations to NRTI (M184V; T215S) or NNRTI (K103S/N) were detected. Subtype B represented 81.1% (86/106), F1 1.9% (2/106), and C 2.8% (3/106); 14.2% were mosaics: 13 BF1 and 2 BC. Surveillance of TDR and HIV-1 genetic diversity is important to improve control strategies regionally.engAcesso RestritoArtigo10.1089/aid.2014.0261