2025-02-172025-02-172016LIMA, Yanna Andressa Ramos et al. Incident and long term HIV-1 infection among pregnant women in Brazil: transmitted drug resistance and mother-to-child transmission. Journal of Medical Virology, New York, v. 88, n. 11, p. 1936-1943, 2016. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24540. Disponível em: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmv.24540. Acesso em: 12 fev. 2025.0146-6615e- 1096-9071https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmv.24540Primary infection, seroconversion, and transmitted drug resistance (TDR) during pregnancy may influence the risk of mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 infection. This study estimated recent seroconversion, TDR rates, HIV-1 subtypes and pregnancy outcomes among 95 recently diagnosed, antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve pregnant women recruited during antenatal care in central western Brazil. Recent seroconversion was defined by BED-capture enzyme immunoassay (<155 days) and ambiguous nucleotides base calls (<1 year) in pol sequences (protease-PR and reverse transcriptase-RT regions). TDR was evaluated by the Calibrated Population Resistance tool. HIV-1 subtypes were defined by REGA and phylogenetic analyses. The median age of participants was 25 years; the median gestational age at diagnosis was 20.5 weeks. Based on serology and sequence polymorphism, recent infection was identified in 11.6% (11/95) and, 9 of them (82%), probably seroconverted during pregnancy; one MTCT case was observed among them. Three cases of stillbirth were observed among chronic infected patients (3.6%; 3/84). Moderate rate of TDR was observed (9/90, 10%, CI95% 4.7–18.1%). Subtype B was 60% (54/90), 13.3% (12/90) was subtype C, 6.7% (6/90) was subtype F1. Recombinant BPR/F1RT and F1PR/BRT viruses comprised 15.5% (14/90); BPR/CRT mosaics represented 4.4% (4/90). Seroconversion during pregnancy, late presentation to antenatal care and moderate TDR identified in this study represent significant challenges for the MTCT elimination.engAcesso RestritoArtigo10.1002/jmv.24540