2025-06-162025-06-162017SANTOS, Jéssica Cristina dos et al. Cytokines and microbicidal molecules regulated by IL-32 in THP-1-derived human macrophages infected with New World Leishmania species. Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases, San Francisco, v. 11, e0005413, 2017. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005413. Disponível em: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5344527/. Acesso em: 12 jun. 2025.1935-2735e- 935-2727http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br//handle/ri/27775Background Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is expressed in lesions of patients with American Tegumentary Leish maniasis (ATL), but its precise role in the disease remains unknown. Methodology/Principal findings In the present study, silencing and overexpression of IL-32 was performed in THP-1-derived macrophages infected with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis or L. (Leishmania) amazonen sis to investigate the role of IL-32 in infection. We report that Leishmania species induces IL-32γ, and show that intracellular IL-32γ protein production is dependent on endogenous TNFα. Silencing or overexpression of IL-32 demonstrated that this cytokine is closely related to TNFα and IL-8. Remarkably, the infection index was augmented in the absence of IL-32 and decreased in cells overexpressing this cytokine. Mechanistically, these effects can be explained by nitric oxide cathelicidin and β-defensin 2 production regulated by IL-32. Conclusions Thus, endogenous IL-32 is a crucial cytokine involved in the host defense against Leish mania parasites.engAcesso Abertohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Artigo10.1371/journal.pntd.0005413