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Item Avaliação de diferentes condicionadores quanto ao perfil de textura e resistência a tração de cabelos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-12-09) Borges, Ohary de Sousa; Mata, Sara Cardoso da; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Páscoa, Henrique; Silva, Luis Antônio DantasHuman hair is characterized by being a complex integrated system of various morphological components that act as a unit. It has in its composition three main components which are the cuticle, the cortex and the medulla. There are several factors that damage the hair fiber among them are solar radiation, combing, pollution, endogenous factors, cleaning, chemical treatments such as dye, straightening and cauterization. Cosmetic hair treatments such as conditioners alter some of the physical properties of hair, as they act by depositing themselves in the cuticles, reaching the cortex, determining mechanical properties of the fiber, such as strength and elasticity. Thus the present study aimed to evaluate three different commercial conditioners with respect to texture analysis (Back Extrusion), tensile test and microscope analysis. Through the tests performed it was possible to determine viscosity indexes, firmness, cohesiveness and consistency of the conditioners, as well as the tension of the wires in relation to the tensile, rupture, and their mode of elasticity. The conditioners partially met their objectives of improving hair properties, however there were no significant differences between the samples analyzed regarding the maximum tensile strength. Currently, there are few studies evaluating the activity of conditioners. Thus, it is necessary to develop new research, as well as open space for discussion, since it is a topic of its relevance and needs to be further explored.Item Percepção do paciente como última barreira para evitar erros de medicação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-12-09) Bomfim, Amanda; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Macedo, Stefane Arruda; Silva, Paula Beatriz Medrado ePatient safety is a cause of concern worldwide because itis a global public health problem. The use of medication in hospital settings is indispensable, but has been a cause for much concern as a result of the increased incidence of errors. A strategy to reduce adverse events is preparing the patient to be an active and empowered member during the hospitalization by participating in the decisions and care. This study aimed to describe the perceptions of patients admitted to a hospital as the last barrier to avoid medication errors, identifying the importance perceived by the patient about the need to know his medications and describe his perception as a protagonist in his safety. The present study is a exploratory research, primary and descriptive nature with qualitative approach with content analysis by the Bardin method, developed from the research problem proposed in a Focal Group of Patients admitted to a Rehabilitation Hospital in Goiás. Based on the perception of the participants in this study, it can be seen that there were few who were active in care at the time of drug administration, and no one understood what it means to be active during the administration of the drug. A determining factor for patient involvement not to occur is the lack of understanding of very technical terms, therefore it is necessary that the professional uses simple and easily understood language, in addition to encouraging co-responsibility and participation in decision-making in drug treatment. The patient knows little about the medicines they receive in the hospital, trust the prescriber and administrator of the medicine, but is afraid to question the health professional. Health professionals, when understanding the need and importance of patient involvement in medicine administration, should act encouraging them to be more active and participative in their care, so that errors in medication administration are minimized.Item Adesão primária ao tratamento farmacológico em pacientes psiquiátricos utilizando a metodologia da proporção dos dias cobertos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-12-11) Macedo, Dayane Borges; Queiroz, Thays da Fonseca; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Carvalho, Núbia Cristina Burgo Godói de; Silva, Paula Beatriz Medrado eTreatment adherence is not only related to medication prescription follow-up, it in volves several factors, such as the health system, the patient and the disease itself. Polypharmacological treatment has a great complexity that is increased in patients undergoing psychiatric treatment, in which the use of various drugs are part of the therapy. Objective: To identify the degree of adherence and non-adherence to therapy in these patients, through the methodology of the proportion of days covered. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted at the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) Novo Mundo in the metropolitan region of Goiânia. The data were obtained from the universal system of the city of Goiânia. The methodology was divided into three stages: (i) data collection; (ii) calculation of the proportion of days covered; (iii) classification of the therapeutic complexity index. Data were collected between May and October to calculate the proportion of days covered. Results: Among 28 selected patients, 18 were female and 10 male, with a mean age of 49 years and a low level of education. Regarding the proportion of days covered, about 60% were adherent, with low therapeutic complexity. Discussion: Female patients were more prevalent in the study, since the prevalence of Mental Disorders in this population is higher. Sociodemographic characteristics may directly affect the degree of adherence. High therapeutic complexity is related to nonadherence to pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: Through the study, it was possible to identify the degree of primary adherence in psychiatric patients and to describe the sociodemographic profile of this population.Item Análise bacteriológica de staphylococcus spp. isolados de placas ortopédicas implantáveis, antes do processamento pelo serviço de saúde(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-12-12) Carvalho, Amanda Soares de; Vasconcelos, Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira Leão; Vasconcelos, Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira Leão; Costa, Dayane de Melo; Vieira, José Daniel GonçalvesHealthcare Related Infections (IRAS) represent a serious public health problem and are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Among the types of HAI are Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) that may be due, for example, to the use of contaminated health products. In orthopedic surgeries, the occurrence of SSI is a serious complication for patients and may be associated with the use of contaminated implantable orthopedic plates. As these are critical health products that come into contact with tissues that do not have their own microbiota, they must be submitted to the sterilization process prior to use. However, failures in the processing steps, especially cleaning associated with biofilm formation in these devices, may prevent the implant from being properly sterilized. This study aimed to characterize the contamination profile of implantable orthopedic plaques by Staphylococcus spp., Before processing by the health service, and was carried out at a public teaching hospital in Goiânia, Goiás, from May to December 2018. Five Orthopedic surgical implant boxes called “Small Fragments”, provided by a consignment / lending system company, were selected 15 smaller implantable orthopedic plates collected using aseptic technique. They were submitted to bacteriological analysis for isolation and phenotypic identification of Staphylococcus spp., As well as evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Among the evaluated implantable orthopedic plates, four (26.7%) were contaminated with Staphylococcus spp., And a total of four isolates were recovered. The most isolated species was Staphylococcus hycus (50.0%). Staphylococcus epidermidis (25.0%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (25.0%) were also isolated. The microorganisms were sensitive to the evaluated antimicrobials, except Staphylococcus hyicus, which was resistant to cefoxitin, predicting methicillin / oxacillin resistance. These data point to the importance of properly performing the processing steps of these implants, considering the capacity of isolated microorganisms to form biofilm, especially when the implant presents non-conformities such as grooves, dirt, oxidation and other factors. The formation of biofilms in these devices may lead to the occurrence of chronic, severe and difficult to treat infections.Item Vias angiotensinérgicas e colinérgicas centrais no controle da ingestão de água e sódio em animais submetidos a sessões de esteira(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-06-17) Souza, Ariel Alves de; Oliveira, André Henrique Freiria de; Oliveira, André Henrique Freiria de; Melo, Aryanne Batista Soares de; Sousa, Kássia KristinaPhysical exercise can promote adaptations and decrease neuronal sensitivity in stressful situations, due to neuroplasticity, with cases of intracellular and extracellular dehydration depending on the intensity of the activity. Intracellular dehydration is the loss of water by the cell due to increased osmotic pressure in the extracellular compartment and appears to be involved in central cholinergic pathways. Extracellular dehydration, however, is the joint loss of water and sodium, decreasing extracellular compartment volume. Angiotensin II (ANG II), acting centrally, activates autonomic and behavioral control mechanisms due to the activation of AT1 receptors after dehydration. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of ANG II and carbacol (cholinergic agonist) central injection on the behavior of water and sodium intake in rats submitted to treadmill sessions. Wistar rats (250-280g) were separated into two groups: Sedentary and Trained. 8 weeks of treadmill training were carried out. At the end, under anesthesia, a guide cannula was implanted in the lateral ventricle (VL). After 5 recovery days, central microinjection (1 µL) of saline and ANG II (50 ng) was performed on animals with free movement, water and 1.8% NaCL intakes were measured at times 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Urine was collected after each experiment. After 2 days, the animals were subjected again to the water and sodium intake experiment, with a central micro injection of carbacol (4 nmol in 1 µL). Subsequently, the animals were euthanized, and the brains removed for histological analysis. The results showed that ANG II was able to promote water intake in both groups, Trained rats (8.2 ± 11.2 vs. Control: 0.1 ± 0.1 mL / 120 min, p <0.05) and Sedentary (6.0 ± 7.4 mL vs. Control: 0.1 ± 0.3 mL / 120 min, p <0.05); in relation to sodium: Sedentary (6.3 ± 7.3 vs Control: 0.5 ± 1.3 mL mL / 120 min, p <0.05) and Trained (6.9 ± 7.2 vs. Control 1 , 3 ± 1.5 mL / 120 min, p <0.05) without differences between Trained and Sedentary groups. Carbacol, in contrast, induced water intake in Sedentary (8.7 ± 6.1 vs. Control: 0.6 ± 0.7 mL / 120 min, p <0.05) and Trained (9.5 ± 8.3 vs. Control: 1.4 ± 2.4 mL / 120 min, p <0.05), and in relation to sodium intake, it was observed that in the Trained (3.7 ± 3.8 vs. Control: 0.8 ± 1.4 mL / 120 min, p <0.05) and Sedentary (0.3 ± 0.3 vs. Control: 0.5 ± 0.8 mL / 120 min, p> 0.05), with significant difference between groups. Thus, the results showed that the training did not alter the water behavior induced by centrally ANG II or carbacol, and also sodium intake caused by ANG II, however induced sodium intake by carbacol suggesting that the central angiotensinergic and cholinergic pathways that control dipsogenic response are not affected by physical training, but cholinergic pathway could be involved in sodium apetite.Item Dificuldades de acesso ao serviço de saúde no Brasil por pessoas com deficiência física, auditiva e visual: uma revisão sistemática(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-06-25) Silva, Guilherme Henrique da Silva; Ribeiro, Jackeline Alves dos Santos; Mendonça, Reginaldo Teixeira; Mendonça, Reginaldo Teixeira; Alcanfor, Joana D'Arc Ximenes; Costa, Cristiane Nogueira daThe description of access to health care by physically, visually or hearing impaired persons favours the elimination of discriminatory barriers, highlighting the necessary measures to overcome them. The objective of this study is to systematically research, identify and analyze the scientific publications available between 2009 and 2019 regarding the main difficulties faced by the person with physical, hearing or visual impairment in Brazil in accessing health services. In addition, it aims to develop actions and policies to minimize these barriers. This is a systematic review of the literature, based on research in electronic databases (LILACS, PubMed and SciELO) and a careful evaluation of studies published in relation to the hypothesis raised. After selection, the final sample consisted of 35 articles, which were characterized and categorized. From the analysis, it was highlighted that the main difficulties faced by these groups for access to health services are characterized largely by architectural, communication, and attitudinal barriers. It was concluded that the access of physically, hearing and visually impaired people in Brazil is hampered by a sum of urban and environmental factors, the lack of preparation of the health professional and health services, as well as by prejudice.Item Avaliação do teor de fenóis totais, flavonoides totais e hibalactona nas partes aéreas de Hydrocotyle umbellata L. (Araliaceae)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-07-07) Oliveira, Fernanda Miguel de; Paula, José Realino de; Paula, José Realino de; Borges, Leonardo Luiz; Silva, Liliane de SousaHydrocotyle umbellata L., popularly known as "acariçoba", is a species belonging to the family Araliaceae, native to the American continent. The anxiolytic, antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities were demonstrated for the subterraneous parts of H. umbellata and these activities were in part attributed to the presence of the lignan hibalactone. The objective of this work was to carry out quality control studies and determine the content of total phenols, total flavonoids and hibalactone in the aerial parts of H. umbellata. An appreciable amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was observed (3,54% and 3,04%). The co-validation of the HPLC method for quantification of hibalactone proved to be selective, linear and accurate, being useful for its quantification in the plant drug of aerial parts of H. umbellata. The best conditions for the ultrasound extraction of hibalactone, obtained from the Box-Benhken design associated with the response surface methodology were: solid-liquid ratio of 0.9 g/10 mL, 67% ethanol content (v/v) and extraction temperature of 64 °C. The content of hibalactone found in the aerial parts was lower than that reported for the subterraneous parts, however more studies must be carried out to investigate the possibility of using therapeutically the subterraneous and aerial parts of the plant.Item Avaliação da toxicidade aguda do extrato padronizado em psoraleno e bergapteno a partir de Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul. usando os estágios embrio-larvais de zebrafish (Danio rerio)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-07-16) Silva, Hugo Santiago Francisco da; Oliveira, Gisele Augusto Rodrigues de; Oliveira, Gisele Augusto Rodrigues de; Silva, Gloria Narjara Santos da; Costa, Gessyca GonçalvesBrosimum gaudichaudii Trécul. is a plant of the Moraceae family, often found in the savannahs of the states of Goiás, São Paulo and Mato Grosso, which contains furanocoumarins, mainly psoralen and bergaptene, responsible for skin repigmentation, so it can be used in the treatment of skin disease, like vitiligo. Herbal medicines must undergo toxicological studies in order to prove the safety of these medicines. This study aimed to evaluate the acute toxic effects (lethal and sublethal) of the standardized extract in psoralen and bergaptene from B. gaudichaudii Trécul. on the embryo-larval development of zebrafish. For this purpose, the acute toxicity test was performed with embryos and zebrafish larvae - Fish Embryo Toxicity Test (OECD 236, 2013). Twenty independent eggs were exposed in triplicate for each concentration of the extract and negative control (water from the maintenance system). The toxicity profile of the extract was time-dependent and concentration-dependent and the sublethal effects observed were: pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, lack of body pigmentation and inhibition of hatching. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that the extract is embryotoxic for zebrafish, with significant lethal effects from the concentration 0.005 µg / mL in 72 hours of exposure, in addition to relevant malformations throughout the period of exposure.Item Atuação do farmacêutico em ambulatório de oncologia: uma experiência no cuidado ao paciente(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-08-13) Leão, Denise da Silva; Lopes, Angela Ferreira; Lopes, Angela Ferreira; Barbosa, Jakeline Ribeiro; Ribeiro, Luane da SilvaIntroduction: The beginning of cancer treatment is a period with many doubts and fears, so the offer of health education services aims to reduce doubts about treatment in order to improve patient compliance and safety. Objective: To report the importance of the care of the pharmaceutical professional in health education in an oncology outpatient clinic and to present patients' doubts about chemotherapy in a project of a hospital specializing in oncology in the Midwest. Methodology: This research was developed through: a) literature review of articles published from 2006 to 2018, in the PUBMED, LILACS and CAPES databases using the terms: pharmacist, pharmaceutical services, chemotherapy, health education, for the selection of articles; b) research through the non-participant observation technique, in conjunction with public meetings promoted to cancer patients treated in the project of a referral hospital in oncology in Goiás. Results: The results obtained through the literature review, as well as the participation in public meetings, they demonstrated that the pharmacist's performance with the multiprofessional health team can promote the effectiveness of the treatment. Conclusion: The performance of pharmacists in oncology brings positive results in drug therapy.Item Avaliação da sobrevivência in vitro de Lactococcus lactis QMF 11 em presença de sais biliares como critério de atividade probiótica(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-08-21) Silva, Cynthia Costa; Alves, Virgínia Farias; Alves, Virgínia Farias; Pereira, Marita Gimenez; Costa, Ana Carolina Cabral CarvalhaesLactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been extensively studied due to their probiotic potential. One important criteria for selecting probiotic cultures for human use is resistance to the harsh environmental conditions encountered during transit through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In order to reach their site of action, the large intestine, in adequate numbers to exert the probiotic effect. An important biological barrier in GIT are the bile salts present in the small intestine, as bile salts have the ability of disorganizing the cell membrane structure, thus causing damage to the genetic material of microorganisms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the survival of Lactococcus lactis QMF 11, a bacteriocinogenic strain derived from a dairy product, against bile salts as an initial indicator of probiotic activity. For that, L. lactis QMF 11 was grown in MRS broth in pH 8,0 in the presence of 0,3% and 0,5% (w/v) of bile salts. Colony counts were performed at times zero, 90 and 180 min. The results indicated that L. lactis QMF 11 remained viable throughout the trial, in numbers greater than 7.58 Log CFU/g, with a survival rate at the end of the study of 100 and 88%, respectively, in the presence of 0,3 and 0,5% bile salts. These results suggest that L. lactis QMF 11 may be a promising microorganism for use as a probiotic culture.Item Analisar o empoderamento do paciente frente a sua segurança referente ao tratamento farmacológico durante internação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-11-18) Neves, Esther Rodrigues; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Macedo, Stefane Arruda; Torres, Thais dos Santos FerreiraPatient safety has been a focus of discussion in recent years, especially the safe use of medication in health institutions. Medication errors are among the most frequent preventable adverse events in hospitalized patients, requiring attention from health professionals and empowerment of those affected by them. An effective measure, considering the patient as the last barrier in preventing errors in the medication system, is to make him an active and empowered member to participate in the decisions and actions related to his care. However, there is relatively little research in this area. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the empowerment of hospitalized patients with regard to their medication safety. METHODOLOGY: This is an exploratory and descriptive research with a quantitative approach, in the rehabilitation and rehabilitation unit in the state of Goiás. Data collection was performed through the application of a questionnaire composed of statements on a 5-point Likert scale, between the months of October to November 2019, with patients admitted to the health unit as participants. RESULTS: Among 48 participating patients, 28 were male, with a mean age of 34 years and a low level of education and income. It is noteworthy that 75.0% of respondents reported trusting those who administer the medication, and 33.3% stated that they never check the medication. DISCUSSION: Given the perception of the participants in this study, it can be seen that few have incorporated active roles in care, especially in the medication administration stage. The patient had gaps in knowledge about the medications he receives at the hospital, he trusts the medication administrator, and his involvement in the care proved to be fragmented and insufficient to ensure his safety, being justified by not understanding the importance of his role. CONCLUSION: Patient empowerment is a strategy for reducing medication errors, however, it still needs ample awareness, dissemination and incentive to significantly increase their involvement and co-responsibility, resulting in an active participation in their care.Item Bacilos gram-positivos isolados de implantes cirúrgicos ortopédicos consignados em uso na prática clínica antes do processamento pelo serviço de saúde(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-04) Silva, Emerson Oliveira; Oliveira, Natalia Rodrigues; Vasconcelos, Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira Leão; Vasconcelos, Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira Leão; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Ribeiro, Evandro LeãoSurgical Site Infection (SSI) is a public health problem. One of the important measures for its prevention is the reprocessing of surgical reusable devices, such as orthopedic implants, for instance plates and screws. These, despite classified as single-use, are submitted to multiple reprocessing until they are implanted in the patient, exposing them to physical, chemical and biological agents, favoring the formation of biofilm on these devices, thus compromises the patient safety. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize phenotypically Gram-Positive Bacilli (GPB) isolated from loaned orthopedic implants (plates and screws) in use in clinical practice, before reprocessing by the healthcare service, as well as to determine the susceptibility profile of isolated bacteria to antimicrobials. The study was carried out from May 2018 to September 2019, at the Sterilizing Service Unit of a general teaching hospital located in the state of Goiás, linked to the Unified Health System (SUS). Fifteen plates and 15 screws were collected from five boxes of surgical orthopedic instruments/implant, named “Small Fragments”, totaling 30 implants. The implants were subjected to bacteriological analysis according to standard procedures for the isolation and identification of BGP, as well as the evaluation of the susceptibility profile of the isolates to antimicrobials. Of the 30 implants evaluated, 12 (40.0%) were contaminated with BGP, with 50.0% plates and 50.0% screws. One BGP was isolated per implant (n = 12), nine (75.0%) of which were identified as Bacillus sp. and three (25.0%) as from the Corineformes group. All (100.0%) BGPs were resistant to penicillin and oxacillin and/or cefoxitin, and 83.3% (n=10) were resistant or intermediate to clindamycin, and nine (75%) to rifampicin. One BGP was resistant or intermediate, concomitantly, to eight (66.7%) of the evaluated antimicrobials. All (100.0%) isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin. In conclusion, BGP (Bacillus sp. and Corineforme group), including multidrug-resistant, were identified on implantable orthopedic plates and screws acquired through loaner system, upon delivery to the healthcare service and before processing. The findings of this study point to the need for new policies that address the management of these implants, in order to provide safe surgical reusable devices that, instead of adverse events, bring benefits to the patient.Item Investigação de potencial citotóxico e mecanismos de morte celular de e-líquidos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-08) Stival, Ana Clara Silva; Valadares, Marize Campos; Valadares, Marize Campos; Santos, Thaís Rosa Marques dos; Santos, Jordana AndradeThe cigarette is a product of tobacco since 2007 overwhelmingly reaching more young people. The refill this product is e-juice, your composition is propylene glycol and or glycerol, nicotine, flavoring, that through of battery coupled produces aerosols that are inhaled. As WHO, the ANVISA, not consent with the sale and import of that product due to the lack of studies that prove safety for users. The aim of this study was evaluated the product e-liquid (commercial product) of two flavors, two brands and different concentrations of nicotine, propylene glycol 70 and glycerol 30 and flavor of vanilla, which in the literature presented with significant toxicity. Innovative method was used with exposure through the Vitrocell® Cloud 12 system in the epithelial alveolar model 3D. For the evaluation of cell viability used the MTT assay. The e-liquid of menthol with nicotine concentration 0 mg, 3 mg, 5 mg the IC50 was: 2,482%, 2,046% e 0,55% respectively. While the e-líquid of vanilla with nicotine concentration 0 mg, 3 mg, the IC50 was greater than that tested and 0,4160% respectively and the flavor of vanilla was 5 mg/ mL. The concentration 3,54 mg/mL of flavor vanilla was tested on epithelial alveolar model 3D and reduced the viability in 30%. The histological changes observed by coloring HE, showed a tissue inconstancy, more number greater number of cell layers and peeling of the outermost for the tissue treated with flavor of vanilla in concentration the 3,54 mg/mL. The results founded allow the amplification of the view on the commercial products and its components, however it is necessary to standardize the product.Item Avaliação da citotoxicidade e internalização celular in vitro de nanopartículas poliméricas contendo melatonina em células de glioblastoma multiforme U87MG(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-09) Salomão, Mariana Arraes; Oliveira Júnior, Edilson Ribeiro de; Oliveira Júnior, Edilson Ribeiro de; Silva, Luís Antônio Dantas; Silva, Artur Christian Garcia daGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor, with low prognosis profile. Moreover, GBM is responsible for about 4% of cancer-related deaths. Currently, the treatment of GBM consists on surgical removal of the tumor followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It has been reported in the literature the antitumor activity of melato- nin (MLT) for the treatment of GBM. In addition, the use of nanoparticles, as drug carries, have improved the targeting of drugs to the central nervous system. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of melatonin-loaded polymeric nano- particles in human GBM cell line (U87MG). The cytotoxicity of formulation was evaluated by the MTT assay. The cellular uptake of nanoparticles was observed by fluorescence microscopy and flow citometry. The results noticed that MLT demonstrated a selective cytotoxic activity against U87MG cells when encapsulated in the particles. These results may be justified by the facilitated cellular internalization of the nanoparticles and the re- lease of MLT over time. In conclusion, the nanoencapsulation was crucial for the selective cytotoxic activity of MLT in U87MG, representing a promising strategy for the treatment of GBM.Item Integração de abordagens computacionais para identificar novos inibidores da proteína NS5 do vírus Zika(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-14) Ramos, Paulo Ricardo Pimenta da Silva; Andrade, Carolina Horta; Andrade, Carolina Horta; Borba, Joyce Villa Verde Bastos; Neves, Bruno JuniorThe Zika virus (ZIKV), which caused recent outbreaks and epidemics in 2007, 2014 and 2015, is transmitted to humans mainly through the bite of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. In addition, transmission through blood, intercourse and lactation has been described in the literature. ZIKV infection has several consequences, mainly neurological serious, so far, there are no antivirals to fight infection or vaccines to prevent infection. Non-structural protein 5 (NS5), composed by the methyltransferase (MTase) and RNA polymerase (RdRP) domains, plays an essential role in the synthesis and stability of viral RNA, in addition to inhibiting the host's immune system, being a promising target for development of new antiviral. In this work, we perform the integration of computational approaches as quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR) based on machine learning methods, molecular docking and search for similarity to identify new inhibitors of the NS5 protein from ZIKV. Due to the availability of data in the literature and the high sequential similarity between the NS5 sites of the dengue virus (DENV) and ZIKV, we initially searched for inhibitors of DENV NS5 protein in the PubChem and ChEMBL databases, to guide the screening of new NS5 inhibitors from ZIKV. 145 DENV NS5 inhibitors have been found in literature. We performed the virtual screening of these compounds using ZIKV phenotypic QSAR models. We also carry out molecular docking studies in the binding sites of the MTase and RdRP domains of ZIKV NS5. A total of 32 compounds were prioritized at this stage. Subsequently, a similarity search as performed in the commercial eMolecules database and the QSAR and docking steps were performed with the similar compounds. This analysis resulted in 4,953 similar compounds that also passed through the QSAR and docking filters. After this step, 176 compounds were selected as promising inhibitors of ZIKV NS5. We also submitted These compounds to Bayesian machine learning models to predict ZIKV activity and cytotoxicity, resulting in 44 compounds predicted to be active and non-cytotoxic to mammalian cells. These compounds were then submitted to the nAPOLI software for analysis of ligand-protein interactions. This step allowed the final selection of 14 promising compounds that will be acquired and experimentally validated, through ZIKV NS5 enzymatic assays and celular assays, that will be performed with collaborators.Item Atividade antioxidante da vitamina c: aplicações na indústria farmacêutica e de alimentos e formas de evitar a oxidação mantendo sua estabilidade(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-17) Vieira, Ana Carolina da Rocha; Silva, Aline Gomes de Moura e; Silva, Aline Gomes de Moura e; Rodrigues, Ilana Carneiro; Alves, Izabel de Paula DuarteAscorbic acid, known as vitamin C, is a water-soluble, unstable vitamin, easily eliminated by some factors such as: heat, improper storage, the presence of metals and others. The human body does not synthesize this vitamin, its ingestion occurs through food, such as vegetables and fruits. Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant, vital for the functioning of cells and this is particularly evident in connective tissue, it acts in the prevention of several pathologies such as scurvy, premature aging. Classified as a natural antioxidant, vitamin C has been used mainly in the food industry, because in addition to its nutritional role, it is applied for its antioxidant action, preserving the flavor and natural color of food, besides being used as an additive in meat cured, accelerating the curing process, preventing formation of nitrosamines and inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, among other applications. Antioxidants provide natural protection to the human body, as they neutralize the harmful effects of free radicals. Because vitamin C has an effective effect as an antioxidant, it has become widely recognized by the pharmaceutical industry, as it is used in cosmeceutical, dermatological formulations and in medicines, has an action in preventing and reversing premature aging, acts as a depigmentant, synergistic action with sunscreens and anti-inflammatory effect in dermatitis treatments. The application of vitamin C in cosmetic products makes it possible to reach levels that would not be possible with food, since its topical use is a major target of the cosmetic industry, generating satisfactory results in the treatment of skin changes caused by aging, however, it has barriers when incorporated in systems for topical use as it is difficult to stabilize. Maintaining the stability of vitamin C has become a challenge, however some strategies have been developed to avoid instability in the formulation, such as: controlling oxygen at low pH, adding preservatives, stabilizing agents, using vitamin C derivatives and technologies, such as microencapsulation.Item Cassia occidentalis: revisão bibliográfica dos aspectos botânicos e farmacológicos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-18) Tavares, Gabrielly Lázaro; Ferreira, Sarah Gomes; Paula, José Realino de; Paula, José Realino de; Romano, Camila Aline; Silva, Liliane de SousaCassia occidentalis is a shrub prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas with diuretic, antipyretic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and antimicrobial properties. A wide variety of phytochemical components are detectable in parts of C. occidentalis, especially in its leaves. Extracts based on this plant are widely used in Africa and Asia to treat diseases and have been added to Western medicines. Some toxic effects, mainly by compounds present in the seeds, are reported. The objective of this study is to expose the botanical and pharmacological aspects of C. occidentalis, through a bibliographic review in scientific works published since 2009. From the revisionary study carried out, it is found that C. occidentalis is a major highlight among medicinal plants showing a pharmacological potential.Item Caracterização fenotípica de Staphylococcus spp. isolados de ambiente hospitalar veterinário em Goiânia-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-12-18) Silva, Giovanna Pereira Teixeira; Carvalho, Lucas Kalebe Mateus de; Silva, Carla Afonso da; Silva, Carla Afonso da; Sousa, Jéssika Munira Gonçalves de; Pinto, Ricardo MarquesThe bacterial community and the incidence of nosocomial infection are not well estab-lished in veterinary medicine mainly due to the lack of nosocomial infection control commis-sions. Staphylococcus spp. that cause infections or that colonize healthy people already have a prevalent resistance to the drug penicillin, in addition to significant resistance to other drugs, such as methicillin, which makes treatment difficult in cases of infection. Therefore, there is a need to identify and characterize phenotypically bacteria in veterinary hospital environments, in order to monitor resistance to antibiotics most used in clinical routine. The bacteria evaluated in this study were isolated from laboratory environments of a veterinary hospital in the city of Goi-ânia-GO and sent to the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Institute of Tropical Pathology and Pub-lic Health of the Federal University of Goiás (IPTSP / UFG), where the samples were processed , identified and submitted to the antibiogram test. Twenty-two Staphylococcus bacteria were isolated, with the species S. haemolyticus 50% being the most frequent, followed by S. hominis novobiosepticus 14% and S. hominis hominis 14%. In the antibiogram result, 36.4% of the isolat-ed strains were sensitive to all tested antibiotics and 63.6% were resistant to at least one antibi-otic. The isolated strain of S. aureus was multidrug-resistant. The results of the present study demonstrated the need for constant monitoring of the bacterial resistance profile in veterinary hospitals, which lack information in the scientific literature.Item Alternativas ao Carbopol 940 na fabricação de álcool em gel(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-01-15) Cruz, Camila Vieira Milo Bela; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Ribeiro, Bárbara Cristina Campos; Lemes, Érick de OliveiraAt the end of 2019, a new epidemic of global proportions, motivated by a virus called SARS-CoV-2, (COVID-19), originating in China, forced countless countries to mo-bilize to face the health implications of the infection and in the economy. Hygiene through constant hand washing in an appropriate manner, using water and soap and in the absence of alcohol-based disinfectants, was the main recommendation of the World Health Organization. In view of the great demand for such disinfectants based on of al-cohol, there was a shortage of assets used to produce it worldwide, so this study aimed to develop alcohol gel formulations with different thickener alternatives in order to meet the high demand for this product. The methodology used was the development of 12 al-ternative formulations, where the compatibility between the different gelling agents with the reference thickener was verified. Organoleptic tests (appearance, color and odor), physical-chemical tests (pH, viscosity and alcohol content) and sensory analysis of sti-ckiness were performed after subjecting the samples to extreme temperature conditions and centrifugation tests, aiming at predicting possible instabilities. It was concluded that the best alternative to replace Carbopol, a polymer known commercially and most used to manufacture alcohol in gel, was Luviset 360, a thickener created by Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik-BASFItem Investigação da ocorrência do vírus Chikungunya (CHIKV) em indivíduos sintomáticos no município de Goiânia-Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-05-20) Leão Neto, Esther Ferreira; Fiaccadori, Fabíola Souza; Fiaccadori, Fabíola Souza; Junqueira, Isabela Cinquini; Silva, Lucelia Barbosa de QueirózChikungunya is an arbovirosis transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, and its etiological agent is the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The viral infection can be divided into acute and chronic phases, usually has an incubation period of 2 to 10 days. For laboratory diagnosis of CHIKV, methods such as isolation of the virus in cell culture, serological methods and molecular methods can be used. Since the introduction of the virus in Brazil until 2019, 589,076 probable cases were reported and 495 confirmed deaths, in Goiás between the years 2015 and 2020, 1591 cases were reported. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of the chikungunya virus in a symptomatic population treated in the public health system in Goiânia. The samples were collected in health units and sent to LabViCC. After extraction of the viral RNA, molecular investigation was performed by RT-PCR in real time. In total 140 samples were analyzed, it was observed that all of them tested negative for the presence of CHIKV. The data obtained in the present investigation reinforce the need to establish strategies for continuous surveillance and monitoring, helping to better understand the role of CHIKV in our region. Studies like this are extremely important in the epidemiological description of the disease, especially in areas endemic to arboviruses, where the simultaneous circulation of Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya can occur.
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