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Item 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(6-methyl-2-nitro- 3-pyridyloxy)propan-1-one(2005-01-08) Vencato, Ivo; Ferri, Pedro Henrique; Santos, Suzana da Costa; Pereira, Maristela; Lariucci, Carlito; Homar, Leon Ítalo Brasil; Napolitano, Hamilton BarbosaThe title compound, C16H16N2O5, is a -ketoether derivative closely related to natural 8,40-oxyneolignans, which are of interest because of their moderate antifungal activity against systemic mycosis. The nitro group is not coplanar with the aromatic ring, as shown by a torsion angle of 47.2 (4) . The molecules are linked by two non-classical intermolecular CÐ H O hydrogen bonds with distances between donors and acceptors of 3.441 (5) and 3.539 (5) A Ê , leading to the formation of molecular stacking perpendicular to the bc plane.Item 4D-QSAR: perspectives in drug design(2010) Andrade, Carolina Horta; Pasqualoto, Kerly Fernanda Mesquita; Ferreira, Elizabeth Igne; Hopfinger, Anton J.Drug design is a process driven by innovation and technological breakthroughs involving a combination of advanced experimental and computational methods. A broad variety of medicinal chemistry approaches can be used for the identification of hits, generation of leads, as well as to accelerate the optimization of leads into drug candidates. The quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) formalisms are among the most important strategies that can be applied for the successful design new molecules. This review provides a comprehensive review on the evolution and current status of 4D-QSAR, highlighting present challenges and new opportunities in drug design.Item A abreugrafia como método de triagem de patologia toráxicas não tuberculosas(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1975-03) Mello, Javan Valle deThe author presents his experience with roentgenphotography, by which he intends to demmonstrate lhe utility of the method far the screening of several pathologic states, as a practical and cheap procedure that should be employed not only in connection with TB. He illustrates his arguments with statistical data and typical cases. He discusses some problems that may arise, interesting Public Health Services and Welfare.Item Absenteísmo-doença no serviço público municipal de Goiânia(2015-03) Leão, Ana Lúcia de Melo; Branco, Anadergh Barbosa de Abreu; Rassi Neto, Elias; Ribeiro, Cristina Aparecida Neves; Turchi, Marília DalvaBackground: Sickness absence, as work absenteeism justified by medical certificate, is an important health status indicator of the employees and, overall, sociodemographic and occupational characteristics are among the main factors associated with sickness absence. Public administration accounts for 21.8% of the formal job positions in Brazil. This population allows the study of a wide range of professional categories. Objective: To assess the profile and indicators of sickness absence among public workers from the municipality of Goiania, in the State of Goiás, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study on certified sick leaves, lasting longer than three days, of all civil servants from January 2005 to December 2010. Prevalence rates were calculated using as main criteria the number of individuals, episodes and sick days. Results: 40,578 certified sick leaves were granted for health treatment among 13,408 public workers, in an annual average population of 17,270 people, which resulted in 944,722 days of absenteeism. The cumulative prevalence of sick leave for the period was of 143.7%, with annual average of 39.2% and duration of 23 days per episode. The cumulative prevalence of sickness absence was higher among women (52.0%), older than 40 years old (55.9%), with a partner (49.9%), low schooling (54.4%), education professionals (54.7%), > 10 years of service (61.9%), and with multiple work contracts (53.7%). Diagnoses groups (ICD-10) with higher cumulative prevalence of sick leaves were those with mental disorders (26.5%), musculoskeletal diseases (25.1%), and injuries (23.6%). Conclusions: Indicators of sickness absence express the magnitude of this phenomenon in the public sector and can assist in planning health actions for the worker, prioritizing the most vulnerable occupational groups.Item Ação anti-inflamatória do amitraz pela inibição da produção de interferon gama e da atividade mitocondrial de linfócitos T.(2006) Di Filippo, Paula Alessandra; Sousa, Raimundo Vicente de; Vieira, Leda Quercia; Santana, Gilcinéa de Cássia; Abrahamsohn, Ises de Almeida; Oliviera, Milton Adriano Pelli deEl amitraz es un pesticida formamidínico y una de las drogas escogidas en el tratamiento de la sarna demodésica canina. Alteraciones inflamatorias se encuentran asociadas con la presencia, en número elevado, del ácaro Demodex canis en la piel. Las justificativas para la indicación del amitraz se basan apenas en su acción acaricida. Aunque algunos autores han sugerido una posible acción analgésica y antiinflamatoria, poco se ha hecho para entender los mecanismos que proporcionan tal efecto. Para verificar esta supuesta acción, células esplénicas de ratones C3H/He, fueron cultivadas y estimuladas con 5 μg/ml de Concanavalina A (Con A) o 10 μg/ml de lipopolisacáridos (LPS) de Escherichia coli 0111:B4, en presencia de 0; 0.78; 1.56; 3.13; 6.25 y 12.50 μg/ml de amitraz diluido en arol, o una cantidad equivalente de diluyente. La viabilidad de las células fue significativamente reducida cuando cultivadas por 48 horas en cantidades iguales o superiores a 3,13 μg/ml de amitraz. La actividad mitocondrial de los esplenocitos, medida por medio de la reducción del MTT, no se alteró cuando estos fueron tratados con amitraz en concentraciones iguales a 1,56 μg/ml. Por lo tanto, esta actividad fue significativamente reducida cuando los esplenocitos fueron estimulados con Con A y posteriormente tratados con amitraz. La proliferación de los linfocitos T estimulada por Con A no se alteró cuando se utilizó el amitraz en una concentración (1,56 μg/ml) capaz de inhibir el metabolismo de estas células. La proliferación de los linfocitos B tampoco mostró ser alterada cuando los esplenocitos fueron tratados con LPS. La producción de IFN-γ fue inhibida por el amitraz en concentraciones iguales o superiores a 1,56 μg/ml. Los resultados presentados muestran que uno de los posibles mecanismos de la acción antiinflamatoria del amitraz se debe a su capacidad de inhibir el metabolismo y la producción de IFN-γ por los linfocitos T, pero sin afectar su proliferación.Item Ação da deltametrina na dosagem de 0,8g/Há sobre o Aedes aegypti (Lin., 1762), na formulação de ultra-baixo-volume(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1997-03) Fernandes, Fernando de Freitas; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; Camargo, Marlene de Fátima; Elias, Carmeci Natalinaaegypti to the action of deltamethrin, (1% concentration), applied in ultra-low volume, in different schedules in the dose of 0.8 g/Ha were performed. A LECO equipment attached to the back of a truck was utilized to apply the deltamethrin. Fifteen biological assays were carried out, with 24 cages, each containing 230 mosquitoes, placed at the house and at peridomiciliary environment. The mosquitoes were exposed in the "testareas" for about one hour. Another 36-hour períod of observation followed the transference of the mosquitoes from their exposition cages to the rest cages. For each assay, 200 mosquitoes were used as controls, and placed as far as 2 km from the test área. The dose of 0.8 g/Ha proved to be effícient on the killing of the Aedes aegypti. Females fed on blood were more resistant to deltamethrin than fasting ones. Males fed on sugar water were more resistant than the fasting ones, and these were more susceptible than females. The statement that only fed females should be used for pesticide susceptibility testing was confirmed, só these data may be used as guidelines for obtaining biological assays. The Aedes aegypti was killed more efficiently with deltamethrin between 12 p.m. and 6 p.m. There was a 0.9% mortality in the control group. The bioassays were carried out with a mean temperature of 27,5 ± 0,4°C, and 66,1 ± 2,5% relatíve air humidíty.Item Açao da sulfametoxazol associada ao trimetoprim na terapêutica da blastomicose Sul-Americana(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1973-09) Barbosa, William; Vasconcelos, Wanderley Montenegro de PitalugaAn association of Sulformethoxíne and Trimethoprim was employed in the treatment of 34 patients wíth various clinicai forms of South American blastomycosis. The patients were kept under control for a period of 60 days. Excellent results were obtained with cicatrization of the lesions wíthin 35 days after the onset of treatment. No untoward effects from this therapy were observed.Item Ação de agentes químicos e físicos sobre o vos de lagochilascaris minor. (Leiper,1909)(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1995-09) Oliveira, Jayrson Araújo de; Vieira, Miguel Alípio; Silva, Andréa Caetano da; Barbosa, Carlos Augusto Lopes; Veloso, Aline PinheiroVarious chemical agents (ethilic alcohol, formaldehyde, lugol in different concentrations) have had their effícacy tested against Lagochilascaris minor eggs. The eggs were also submitted to physical agents (freezing -10° C, heating 80/97° C). The lethality Índex was calculated through the embriogenesis rate. The following conditions tested yield a 100% lethality index: 90° C heating, 99% ethilic alcohol and lugol (100%, 50%, 25%, 6,25%, 3,125%).Item Ação do extrato hexânico de frutos maduros de Melia Azedarach (Meliaceae) sobre Boophilus Microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) em bezerros infestados artificialmente(2005-07-15) Borges, Ligia Miranda Ferreira; Ferri, Pedro Henrique; Silva, Wellington Côrrea; Silva, Waydson Jerônimo; Melo, Lorena Socorro; Souza, Lorena Alessandra Dias; Soares, Sara Fernandes; Faria, Karina Alves; Gomes, Natali Almeida; Mori, Anderson; Silva, Nivia FariaA eficácia de um extrato hexânico dos frutos de Melia azedarach foi avaliada em bezerros infestados artificialmente com Boophilus microplus. Os frutos foram submetidos ao processo de secagem e, depois de moídos, o extrato foi produzido em Soxhlet utilizando-se o hexano como extrator. Oito bezerros infestados artificialmente, cinco vezes a cada cinco dias com 2.500 larvas de B. microplus, foram divididos em dois grupos (tratado e controle) com base na infestação por carrapatos. No dia zero os animais foram banhados com 3 litros de uma solução a 0,25% do extrato em água e acetona (1,2 litro). Os animais do grupo controle foram banhados com o mesmo volume de água e acetona. Diariamente, as fêmeas ingurgitadas desprendidas naturalmente eram contadas e 40 eram incubadas para acompanhamento dos parâmetros reprodutivos. O número médio de fêmeas, o índice de conversão em ovos (peso da massa de ovos / peso do grupo de fêmeas x 100) e o percentual de eclosão, obtidos nos dois grupos, foram comparados mediante o teste T de Student. Após 21 dias de contagens, o número médio de fêmeas ingurgitadas foi significativamente menor (P < 0,05) no grupo tratado (188) do que no controle (247). Porém, a conversão e a eclodibilidade das larvas não foram afetadas pelo tratamento. Estes resultados indicam que houve interferência da planta no desenvolvimento do carrapato sobre os animais, mas não na sua reprodução. Comparados com a literatura, os resultados se revelaram promissores. No entanto, novos estudos nos quais se empregue uma formulação adequada em uma concentração mais elevada são necessários para se propor o uso desta planta no controle deste carrapato. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTItem Ação larvicida de extrato bruto etanólico de magonia pubescens st.hil. (tingui-do-cerrado), sobre o Aedes aegypti (Lin.) em laboratório(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1996-06) Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; Santos, Adelair Helena dos; Ferri, Pedro Henrique; Alves, Rosa de Belém das Neves; Melo, Raquel Linhares; Peixoto, Luciano; Silva, Heloísa Helena Garcia da; Elias, Carmeci Natalina; Isac, Eliana; Lira, Kênia da Silva; Camargo, Marlene de FátimaBiological tests were performed with crude ethanol extract of Magonia pubescens St. Hil., (tingui-do-cerrado) (Sapindaceae) to check Aedes aegypti's action larvicid. The extracts were obtained from each part of the plant: wood's skin, seed's cover and seed, after to have been collected, the material was desiccate in air stove at 40°C, crushed, percolate in ethanol for 10 days, fíltrate in qualitative filter paper, concentrate in rotative evaporator and desiccate in vacuum pistol. After obtainment of crude ethanol extract of each part of the plant, it was dissolved in water with differents concentrations and tested with 4° instar of A.aegypti's larval to determinate DL5Q. This was of 35, 55 and 150 mg of crude ethanol extract/100 ml of water distilled, respectively, for seed, seed's cover and wood's skin. Each experiment was accomplished with 20 flask with capacity 30 ml with one larva in each flask and observed for 24 hours. The larvas were created in biological chamber at 28 ± 1°C , 80 ± 5% of relative humidity and photophase of 12 h. The biological tests were performed in another similar chamber. Among the experiments realized, the crude ethanol extract of the seed and seed's cover showed more effícient larvicids than of wood's skin and fruit's capsule.Item Accuracy in clinical examinations for the diagnosis of vulvovaginitis by Candida ssp. and In vitro susceptibility to the main antifungals(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-09-29) Santos, Andressa Santana; Zara, Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio; Ataídes, Fábio Silvestre; Gomes, Elisangela Christhianne Barbosa da Silva; Freitas, Vivianny Aparecida Queiroz; Costa, Carolina Rodrigues; Silva, Thaísa Cristina; Silva, Maria do Rosário RodriguesVulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection. This work aims to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of the clinical diagnosis of VVC and to characterize Candida species isolated from the vaginal mucosa. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2016 to February 2017 at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Outpatient Clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas, in Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil. The study included samples of vaginal secretion from 55 women who complained of vaginal discharge and itching as their main symptoms. The PPV of the clinical diagnosis of VVC was estimated in comparison to the laboratory culture method. The phenotypic methods and molecular tests were performed to identify Candida spp. In vitro susceptibility of Candida spp. isolates to fluconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, nystatin, and amphotericin B was determined using the broth microdilution assay. Yeast growth using the enzymes protease, phospholipase, and hemolysin was carried out in media containing respectively bovine albumin, egg yolk, and sheep erythrocytes. A PPV of 61.8% (34/55) was determined. Among the 55 vulvovaginal samples collected, we identified 36 isolates in which C. albicans was the most common species. High resistance to fluconazole and low minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for clotrimazole, nystatin and amphotericin B were observed. All isolates were proteinase and hemolysin producers, while seven strains were phospholipase negative. The clinical diagnosis of VVC presented a moderate PPV, which meant that cultures had to be conducted in the laboratory to confirm infection. The high resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole indicated the importance of the in vitro susceptibility test.Item Achatina fulica como hospedeiro intermediário de nematódeos de interesse médico-veterinário em Goiás, Brasil(Ruy de Souza Lino, 2010-09) Oliveira, Ana Paula Martins de; Torres, Eduardo José Lopes; Maldonado Jr., Arnaldo; Araújo, José Luíz de Barros; Fernandez, Monica Ammon; Thiengo, Silvana CarvalhoAchatina fulica, também conhecido como caramujo africano, é um molusco terrestre que pode atuar como hospedeiro intermediário de vários helmintos, entre eles alguns com importância médica e veterinária como Angiostrongylus cantonensis e Angiostrongylus costaricensis, nematódeos responsáveis pela meningoencefalite eosinofílica e pela angiostrongilose abdominal, respectivamente. Este estudo objetivou conhecer a distribuição deste molusco no estado de Goiás e pesquisar a ocorrência de larvas de nematódeos de interesse parasitológico. Detectado, inicialmente, em 2003 no município de Morrinhos, A. fulica teve sua distribuição geográfica ampliada e encontra-se atualmente presente em 39,5%, dos municípios de Goiás. A pesquisa da helmintofauna, realizada pela técnica de digestão artificial das amostras obtidas em Caldas Novas, Morrinhos e Bela Vista de Goiás, resultou no encontro de larvas de Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (prevalência de 35%), Rhabditis sp. (47,5%), Strongyluris sp. (15%) e de outros metastrongilídeos (2,5%). Este estudo ampliou o conhecimento da distribuição geográfica de A. fulica em Goiás e reforçou a participação deste molusco em ciclos biológicos de helmintos, indicando a necessidade de controle e vigilância epidemiológica em áreas urbanas com grande densidade deste molusco em razão da facilidade de contato com as populações humanas e de animais domésticos, o que propicia a transmissão de zoonoses. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Achatina fulica also known as African snail is a terrestrial mollusc that may act as an intermediate host for helminthes, some of them with medical and veterinary importance such as: Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Angiostrongylus costaricensis, which may cause eosinophilic meningitis and abdominal angiostrongyliasis, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of A. fulica in the state of Goiás, Central Brazil, and to search for nematode larvae with parasitological importance. A. fulica was first reported in the municipality of Morrinhos in 2003 and it is currently present in 39.5% of the municipalities of Goiás. The search for larval nematodes, on the samples from the municipalities of Caldas Novas, Morrinhos, and Bela Vista de Goiás, performed using the artificial digestion technique revealed the occurrence of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (prevalence of 35%), Rhabditis sp. (47.5%), Strongyluris sp. (15%), and other metastrongyloid larvae (2.5%). This paper expanded the knowledge on the geographical distribution of A. fulica in Goiás and illustrated the role of this mollusc as intermediate host of nematodes of veterinary and medical importance. In addition, these results showed the high densities of this mollusc in the investigated municipalities pointing to the urgency of measures of control and epidemiological surveillance of this mollusc in urban areas where the contact between humans and domestic animals with infected A.fulica is easier.Item Acidentes com material biológico entre profissionais de hospital universitário em Goiânia(2010-06-29) Guilarde, Adriana Oliveira; Oliveira, Ana Maria de; Tassara, Marianna; Oliveira, Bethânia de; Andrade, Sabrina Sgambatti deOs profissionais da área da saúde vivem sob risco de exposição a material biológico em seu ambiente de trabalho e uma das mais temidas consequências é a transmissão de doenças infecciosas. A principal forma de evitar os acidentes profissionais é precaver-se durante o contato com o paciente. Neste estudo descritivo, pretendeu-se avaliar os acidentes profissionais com material biológico ocorridos entre profissionais do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás (HC/UFG), na cidade de Goiânia, durante o período de janeiro de 2006 a maio de 2007. O acidente foi caracterizado e definiu-se o status sorológico do profissional para hepatite B, hepatite C, sífilis e HIV. No período do estudo, foram acompanhados 46 profissionais no ambulatório de Infectologia do HC/UFG. Os acidentes ocorreram principalmente entre os técnicos de enfermagem (50%) e, em sua maioria (87%), durante o manuseio de agulhas e processamento de materiais. Não foi observada soroconversão para nenhuma das infecções monitoradas durante o período de seguimento. Quase 30% dos acidentados não haviam sido vacinados contra hepatite B, o que evidencia a necessidade de reforçar/ oferecer a vacinação para todos os profissionais de saúde da instituição. Ressalta-se também a necessidade de educação continuada para a adoção de medidas preventivas que favoreçam a redução da frequência de acidentes profissionais. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Health care professionals are under constant risk of biological material hazards, and one of the most concerning consequences is the transmission of infectious diseases. The key to avoid occupational accidents is to take standard precautions when in contact with the patient. This study describes accidents with biological material that occurred with health workers at Hospital das Clínicas of Federal University of Goiás (HC/UFG), in the city of Goiânia, central Brazil, between January 2006 and May 2007. The characteristics of the accident were described, and the serological status of the professional was established for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, and HIV. A total of 46 workers from different professional categories were attended at a specialized outpatient infectology clinic during this period. The accidents occurred especially among nursing personnel (50%). Percutaneous exposure occurred in the majority of cases (87%), especially through handling of needles and processing materials. There was no seroconversion during the monitored period. Almost 30% of the exposed health care workers had not received Hepatitis B vaccine previously. We conclude that there is a need for emphasizing the continued education for the adoption of preventive measures that reduce the frequency of occupational accidents.Item Acompanhamento clínico-Sorológico de profissionais de saúde expostos a materiais biológicos de pacientes portadores de vírus de imunodeficiência humana (Hiv)(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1994-01) Pereira, Ledice Inácia de Araújo; Souza, Marta Antunes de; Souza, Luiz Carlos Silva; Silva, Anita Bernardes da; Gomes, Ivete Vieira; Pinto, Raimundo Nonato LeiteSince 1986, when the first AIDS patient was admitted, the Hospital of Tropical Diseases hás been following up heallh care workers for occupational exposure (o AIDS. From July,1986 to October,1992 fíve hundred seventy-nine AIDS patients wcre admitted and 37 occupational exposures were notified; 22 of them due to biologk-al specimens of AIDS patients. Percutaneous exposures were more (12 times) and tln-y resulted from needle - sticks in 17 cases. The fingers were more frequently exposcd. Health care workers with these exposures included especially nurses (tecbnicians and auxiliaries). They were tested for HIV antibodies on exposure and 3 and 6 monlhs after. At this time 13 health care workers have been tested at least 180 days aftcr exposure, 3 have had only the first test and the others haven't completed the follow up yet. Seroconversions have not been identified. And none of the health care workers have shown clinicai symptons consistent with acute HIV infection.Item Acquired antiretroviral drug resistance mutations upon treatment failure in hiv-1 infected pediatric patients in central brazil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-09-09) Albuquerque, Maly de; Marques, Solomar Martins; Teles-Filho, Ricardo Vieira; Costa, Paulo Sérgio Sucasas daItem Activity of oil-formulated Beauveria bassiana against Triatoma sordida in peridomestic areas in central Brazil(2004-03) Luz, Wolf Christian; Rocha, Luiz Fernando Nunes; Nery, Gustavo V.; Magalhães, Bonifacio Peixoto; Tigano, Myrian SilvanaField tests were carried out during the rainy season of 2001/2002 in São Luís de Montes Belos, Goiás, Brazil, to evaluate the potential of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, against peridomestic Triatoma sordida. An oil-water formulation of the isolate CG 14 (Embrapa) was applied in triatomine infested hen houses of four farms at a final concentration of 10 6 conidia/cm 2 . Numbers of T. sordida decreased over the next 25 days, after applica- tion of the fungus, and B. bassiana developed on dead insects in one hen house. A high number of B. bassiana colonies was detected in substrates collected in treated hen houses 24 h after application of CG 14. In the following three months the presence of B. bassiana declined to values found before treatment.Item Activity of Stryphnodendron polyphyllum, a plant from the Brazilian Savannah(2008-09-15) VIinaud, Marina Clare; Lino Júnior, Ruy de Souza; Bezerra, José Clecildo BarretoThe snail Biomphalaria glabrata acts as an intermediate host to Schistosoma mansoni, an endemic parasite in several countries. B. glabrata hemocytes are related to its defense against infection by trematodes, including S. mansoni. In the present paper, the activity of molluscicidal substances such as the tannic acid extracts of Stryphnodendron polyphyllum, a plant from the Brazilian Savannah, on the morphology and number of B. glabrata hemocytes was evaluated. The bark and leaf extracts of S. polyphyllum were diluted in dechlorinated water and groups of snails were exposed to 25 and 50 mg.L-1 concentrations of the extracts, as well as, to tannic acid during 24h. Subsequently, hemolymph was removed from the pericardic region. Hemocyte subpopulations were detected and classified as small (5.0 – 6.9 µm), medium (7.0 – 8.9μm), large (9.0 – 12.0μm) and giant (over 12μm), the latter being a novel classification. The extracts stimulated an increase in the number of hemocyte cells in the hemolymph. This is understood as a defense mechanism against toxic substances such as tannic acid, present in high levels in both tested extracts. Hemocytes showed vacuoles in the cytoplasm due to the presence of such substances, which are signs of cellular death due to apoptosis. We conclude that the extracts are highly effective against B. glabrata, recommending further biological impact studies aiming its use as a natural molluscicide. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMO __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ O caramujo Biomphalaria glabrata atua como hospedeiro intermediário de Schistosoma mansoni, um parasito endêmico em vários países. Os hemócitos de B. glabrata estão relacionados à sua defesa contra infecções por trematódeos como S. mansoni. No presente artigo, avaliou-se pela primeira vez o efeito de substancias moluscicidas como o extrato tânico de Stryphnodendron polyphyllum, uma planta do cerrado brasileiro, sobre a morfologia e número de hemócitos de B. glabrata. Os extratos da casca e das folhas de S. polyphyllum foram diluídos em água desclorada. Os grupos de caramujos foram expostos a concentrações de 25 e 50 mg.L-1 dos extratos e de ácido tânico por um período de 24h. E, posteriormente, a hemolinfa foi retirada da região pericárdica. As subpopulações de hemócitos foram detectadas e classificadas como pequenas (5,0 – 6,9 μm), de tamanho médio (7,0 – 8,9μm), grandes (9,0 – 12,0μm) e gigantes (mais que 12μm), sendo a última ainda não descrita na literatura. Os extratos estimularam um aumento no número de hemócitos na hemolinfa, o que é entendido como um mecanismo de defesa contra substancias tóxicas como o ácido tânicos, presente em altos níveis em ambos os extratos testados. Os hemócitos apresentaram vacúolos no citoplasma devido à presença de tais substancias indicando sinais de morte celular por apoptose. Concluímos que os extratos são altamente eficazes contra B. glabrata e recomendamos maiores estudos para seu uso como moluscicida natural.Item Adenovirus, calicivirus and astrovirus detection in fecal samples of hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis from Campo Grande, MS, Brazil(2008-11) Andreasi, Marcia Sueli Assis; Cardoso, Divina das Dôres de Paula; Fernandes, Sônia Maria; Tozetti, Inês Aparecida; Borges, Ana Maria Tavares; Fiaccadori, Fabíola Souza; Santos, Rodrigo Alessandro Tôgo; Souza, Menira Borges de Lima Dias eWe analyzed fecal samples from hospitalized children up to three years of age with acute gastroenteritis at Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, from May 2000-January 2004. Astrovirus and calicivirus were de- tected by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction and adenovirus was detected using the Rotavirus and Adenovirus combined immunoenzyme assay. Astrovirus, adenovirus and calicivirus were detected at rates of 3.1%, 3.6% and 7.6%, respectively. These results re-emphasize the need for the establishment of regional vigilance systems to evaluate the impact of enteric viruses on viral gastroenteritis.Item AIDS pediátrica: avanços na prevenção e diagnóstico(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1999-06) Stefani, M ariana Martins de Araújo; Alvares Jr., João Teixeira; Pereira, Gisner Alvesde Souza; Bevilacqua Vieira, Regina BeatrizPediatric AIDS is one of the most challenging diseases, involving medicai, lamily, social and economic aspects. Heterosexual transmission represents an increasing route of HIV-1 dissemination leading to increased numbers of infcctcd women of child-bearing age and perinatally HIV-1 infected children. Matcrnal's clinicai, immunologic and virological status, obstetrical factors, breastfeeding and mother-to-child HLA-1 concordance have been shown to bc associated with perinatal HIV-1 transmission. Oncc infected by HIV-1, children may evolve rapidly to AIDS usually during the first year of Hfe, differently from adults, who may remain symptom-free for several years. Early identification of HIV-1 infection in infant is fundamental for the prompt introduction of antiretroviral therapy and prophylactic regimens for opportunistic infections. Serial serological tests, virai culture, p24 detection and HIV-1 genomic amplification have been employed for the diagnosis of perinatal HIV-1 infection. In order to minimize potencial interfercnces of maternal IgG antibodies which can persist for up to 24 months, detection of virus spccific IgE and IgA antibodies are currently under study, buí their cxact value hás riot bccn dcfincd. HIV-1 culturc is labonous, expensive, timeconsuming and requires maximun biosafety leveis. The detection of p24 antigen is less sensitive than HIV-1 culture, even after imunecomplcx dissociation, therefore HIV-1 diagnosis should not be based on p24 antigen detection alone. The Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR) hás been demonstrated to be a specific, sensitive and reliable technique for the identification of HIV-1, promoting rapid virai genome amplification and detection. The assessment of specificity and sensitivity of HIV-1 PCR for pediatric infections hás been hampered by the absence of a "gold standard" technique. Paradoxically, it is the absence of such a "gold standard" that makes PCR the most promising and atíractive technique for early definitive diagnosis of perinatally HIV-1 infected infants.Item Alguns aspectos epidemiológicos e profiláticos da tungíase em cães de Jataí, Go(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 2001-02) Silva, Luiz Antônio Franco da; Borges, Gabriela Teixeira; Santana, Angela Patrícia; Linhares, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda Soares; Romani, Alana FláviaWe report the occurrence of tungiasis in 21 dogs raised at six different farms in the municipality of Jataí, State of Goiás, from May to September, 1998. The animais presented diffículties remaining in the standing position and were often licking their feet. Moreover, they also presented a diminished response to their master's commands. Animais were examined, and we verified smalí and slightly yellowish nodular lesions with dark centered dots in the pad tissue. Ectoparasites found in the inner part of these lesions were identified as Tunga penetrans mature females. We observed that dogs had frequent and close contact with pigs and cattle in ali studied properties. This fact in addition to the lack of information by the owners were regarded as the most important burdens for control of the infestation in the region. Ali dogs were treated with triclorfon 4% solution which was applied directly to the sore sites. The animais recovered within approximately 20 days.