FF - Faculdade de Farmácia
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A FF - Faculdade de Farmácia, da Universidade Federal de Goiás, oferece curso de Graduação em: Farmácia. Além de Especialização em: Fitoterapia; e, Citologia Clínica.
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Item Uma abordagem sobre métodos analíticos para determinação da atividade antioxidante em produtos naturais(2011) Borges, Leonardo Luiz; Lúcio, Tathiana Carvalho; Gil, Eric de Souza; Barbosa, Eduardo FernandesAntioxidants have been placing a highlighted position in the pharmaceutical industry, becoming the systematic research of these compounds important, for their ability to neutralize harmful agents in biological systems such as free radicals. In this work were evaluated some methodologies to determine the antioxidant capacity of some complex systems, as plant extracts, food, wine, among others. The detection of antioxidants was based on three categories of methods: electrochemical, colorimetric (DPPH e ABTS), and biological. Besides these, other instrumental techniques were pointed out, showing the versatility of the mechanisms that can be use to unveil the concentration of these substances. The HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) is a very useful tool in the identification and quantification of these compounds and can be coupled to the DPPH method. Each analytical method cited here has advantages and limitations, and the approach presented in this work ranges within these two parameters.Item Ação do óleo essencial de Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry sobre as hifas de alguns fungos fitopatogênicos(2011) Costa, A. R. T.; Amaral, M. F. Z. J.; Martins, P. M.; Paula, J. A. M.; Fiuza, Tatiana de Sousa; Tresvenzol, Leonice Manrique Faustino; Paula, José Realino de; Bara, Maria Teresa FreitasCurrently, the use of alternative methods to control diseases and pests in agriculture has been a recognized and necessary practice to minimize damages to the environment and public health. This study aimed to investigate the action of clove [Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry] essential oil on the in vitro mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum and Macrophomina phaseolina. Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry allowed the identification of eugenol (83.6%), eugenyl acetate (11.6%) and caryophyllene (4.2%). Microscopic evaluation of mycelia showed several morphological changes such as presence of vacuoles, cell content disorganization, decreased cell wall clearness, intense fragmentation and lower turgescence of hyphae. Clove essential oil showed fungicidal activity at 0.15% on the growth of R. solani, F. oxysporum and F. solani, but not for M. phaseolina. These results indicate favorable perspectives for future use of clove essential oil to control these phytopathogens in agriculture.Item Adesão primária ao tratamento farmacológico em pacientes psiquiátricos utilizando a metodologia da proporção dos dias cobertos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-12-11) Macedo, Dayane Borges; Queiroz, Thays da Fonseca; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Carvalho, Núbia Cristina Burgo Godói de; Silva, Paula Beatriz Medrado eTreatment adherence is not only related to medication prescription follow-up, it in volves several factors, such as the health system, the patient and the disease itself. Polypharmacological treatment has a great complexity that is increased in patients undergoing psychiatric treatment, in which the use of various drugs are part of the therapy. Objective: To identify the degree of adherence and non-adherence to therapy in these patients, through the methodology of the proportion of days covered. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted at the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) Novo Mundo in the metropolitan region of Goiânia. The data were obtained from the universal system of the city of Goiânia. The methodology was divided into three stages: (i) data collection; (ii) calculation of the proportion of days covered; (iii) classification of the therapeutic complexity index. Data were collected between May and October to calculate the proportion of days covered. Results: Among 28 selected patients, 18 were female and 10 male, with a mean age of 49 years and a low level of education. Regarding the proportion of days covered, about 60% were adherent, with low therapeutic complexity. Discussion: Female patients were more prevalent in the study, since the prevalence of Mental Disorders in this population is higher. Sociodemographic characteristics may directly affect the degree of adherence. High therapeutic complexity is related to nonadherence to pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: Through the study, it was possible to identify the degree of primary adherence in psychiatric patients and to describe the sociodemographic profile of this population.Item Alterações teciduais agudas induzidas em ratos wistar por trypanosoma cruzi(Marize Campos Valadares, 2007-06) Oliveira, Kleber Mirallia de; Souza Júnior, Nozelmar Borges de; Mata, Fabiana Ribeiro da; Sabóia-Morais, Simone Maria Teixeira; Aversi-Ferreira, Tales Alexandre; Mata, João Roberto daThe Chagas disease, described in 1909, has a behavior that partially depends on the Trypanosoma cruzi isolate. In this work, the parasitemy curve and the alterations in the tissues of the encephalus, heart, tongue, esophagus, lungs, stomach, small and large intestines, kidneys and bladder of Wistar rats infected with Trypanosoma cruzi isolated from a patient carrying the cardiac and digestive form of the disease, were analyzed. Forty rats (ten groups of four animals each) were utilized. Two groups that were inoculated at 15 days and the other two at 60 days with 10 x 103 or 10 x 104 trypomastigotes/animal, were submitted to an evaluation of parasitemy at alternate days starting from the third day after inoculation. The organs listed were processed using the routine histological technique, and then microscope slides were confectioned and stained with hematoxillin and eosin. The animals inoculated at 60 days presented peaks of parasitemy ranging from 24,710 forms/mL of blood in inoculates of 10 x 103 forms/animal to 28,240 forms/mL in inoculates of 10 x 104 forms/animal. The animals inoculated at 15 days with 10 x 103 forms, presented a peak of 116,490 forms/mL, while the ones inoculated at 15 days with 10 x 104 forms had a peak of 229,450 forms/mL. The parasitemy peak occurred between the 21st and 23rd day after inoculation in the groups evaluated, whereas the animals inoculated at 15 days of age presented, for both inoculates, higher values of parasitemy than the animals inoculated at 60 days. The histological analysis demonstrated tropism in the heart, with tissue alterations such as: focal and diffuse inflammatory process, perivascular infiltrate and parasite nests both intact and breached. Such processes presented cells such as macrophages, lymphocytes, polymorph nuclear cells, plasmocytes and fibroblasts. The remaining organs evaluated presented histological aspects similar to those of the control animals. There were greater alterations in the cardiac tissue of the younger animals (15 days), submitted to the greater inoculum.Item Alternativas ao Carbopol 940 na fabricação de álcool em gel(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-01-15) Cruz, Camila Vieira Milo Bela; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Ribeiro, Bárbara Cristina Campos; Lemes, Érick de OliveiraAt the end of 2019, a new epidemic of global proportions, motivated by a virus called SARS-CoV-2, (COVID-19), originating in China, forced countless countries to mo-bilize to face the health implications of the infection and in the economy. Hygiene through constant hand washing in an appropriate manner, using water and soap and in the absence of alcohol-based disinfectants, was the main recommendation of the World Health Organization. In view of the great demand for such disinfectants based on of al-cohol, there was a shortage of assets used to produce it worldwide, so this study aimed to develop alcohol gel formulations with different thickener alternatives in order to meet the high demand for this product. The methodology used was the development of 12 al-ternative formulations, where the compatibility between the different gelling agents with the reference thickener was verified. Organoleptic tests (appearance, color and odor), physical-chemical tests (pH, viscosity and alcohol content) and sensory analysis of sti-ckiness were performed after subjecting the samples to extreme temperature conditions and centrifugation tests, aiming at predicting possible instabilities. It was concluded that the best alternative to replace Carbopol, a polymer known commercially and most used to manufacture alcohol in gel, was Luviset 360, a thickener created by Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik-BASFItem Analisar o empoderamento do paciente frente a sua segurança referente ao tratamento farmacológico durante internação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-11-18) Neves, Esther Rodrigues; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Provin, Mércia Pandolfo; Macedo, Stefane Arruda; Torres, Thais dos Santos FerreiraPatient safety has been a focus of discussion in recent years, especially the safe use of medication in health institutions. Medication errors are among the most frequent preventable adverse events in hospitalized patients, requiring attention from health professionals and empowerment of those affected by them. An effective measure, considering the patient as the last barrier in preventing errors in the medication system, is to make him an active and empowered member to participate in the decisions and actions related to his care. However, there is relatively little research in this area. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the empowerment of hospitalized patients with regard to their medication safety. METHODOLOGY: This is an exploratory and descriptive research with a quantitative approach, in the rehabilitation and rehabilitation unit in the state of Goiás. Data collection was performed through the application of a questionnaire composed of statements on a 5-point Likert scale, between the months of October to November 2019, with patients admitted to the health unit as participants. RESULTS: Among 48 participating patients, 28 were male, with a mean age of 34 years and a low level of education and income. It is noteworthy that 75.0% of respondents reported trusting those who administer the medication, and 33.3% stated that they never check the medication. DISCUSSION: Given the perception of the participants in this study, it can be seen that few have incorporated active roles in care, especially in the medication administration stage. The patient had gaps in knowledge about the medications he receives at the hospital, he trusts the medication administrator, and his involvement in the care proved to be fragmented and insufficient to ensure his safety, being justified by not understanding the importance of his role. CONCLUSION: Patient empowerment is a strategy for reducing medication errors, however, it still needs ample awareness, dissemination and incentive to significantly increase their involvement and co-responsibility, resulting in an active participation in their care.Item Análise bacteriológica de staphylococcus spp. isolados de placas ortopédicas implantáveis, antes do processamento pelo serviço de saúde(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-12-12) Carvalho, Amanda Soares de; Vasconcelos, Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira Leão; Vasconcelos, Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira Leão; Costa, Dayane de Melo; Vieira, José Daniel GonçalvesHealthcare Related Infections (IRAS) represent a serious public health problem and are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Among the types of HAI are Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) that may be due, for example, to the use of contaminated health products. In orthopedic surgeries, the occurrence of SSI is a serious complication for patients and may be associated with the use of contaminated implantable orthopedic plates. As these are critical health products that come into contact with tissues that do not have their own microbiota, they must be submitted to the sterilization process prior to use. However, failures in the processing steps, especially cleaning associated with biofilm formation in these devices, may prevent the implant from being properly sterilized. This study aimed to characterize the contamination profile of implantable orthopedic plaques by Staphylococcus spp., Before processing by the health service, and was carried out at a public teaching hospital in Goiânia, Goiás, from May to December 2018. Five Orthopedic surgical implant boxes called “Small Fragments”, provided by a consignment / lending system company, were selected 15 smaller implantable orthopedic plates collected using aseptic technique. They were submitted to bacteriological analysis for isolation and phenotypic identification of Staphylococcus spp., As well as evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Among the evaluated implantable orthopedic plates, four (26.7%) were contaminated with Staphylococcus spp., And a total of four isolates were recovered. The most isolated species was Staphylococcus hycus (50.0%). Staphylococcus epidermidis (25.0%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (25.0%) were also isolated. The microorganisms were sensitive to the evaluated antimicrobials, except Staphylococcus hyicus, which was resistant to cefoxitin, predicting methicillin / oxacillin resistance. These data point to the importance of properly performing the processing steps of these implants, considering the capacity of isolated microorganisms to form biofilm, especially when the implant presents non-conformities such as grooves, dirt, oxidation and other factors. The formation of biofilms in these devices may lead to the occurrence of chronic, severe and difficult to treat infections.Item Análise da atividade antimicrobiana das folhas de Davilla elliptica St.-Hil. (Dilleniaceae)(2009) Soares, M. L.; Bustamante, K. G. L.; Echalar, Adda Daniela Lima Figueiredo; Pimenta, Fabiana Cristina; Fiuza, Tatiane de Sousa; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; Tresvenzol, Leonice Manrique Faustino; Paula, José Realino deItem Análise da glicemia em jejum em pacientes provenientes do município de Terezópolis (Goiás-Brasil) associada com hipertensão arterial, circunferência abdominal e uso de medicamentos(Marize Campos Valadares, 2007-06) Sousa, Rafael Lopes Pena de; Santos, Hebert Humberto Dutra dos; Campos, Claudio; Aversi-Ferreira, Tales AlexandreThe hypertension is one important complication associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2, and the micro vessel alterations a result that evidence the high glycemy of these patients. The DM II has taking epidemics proportions because the amplified aging of population associated to sedentary custom, and the cardiovascular complications one important risk factor, indeed is associated by specialized literature that hypertension and DM was associated. Is known that mortality of DM patients is larger than population in general, and this fact is consequence of cardiovascular diseases. With main of available retrospectively that glycemy alterations that use hypoglycemic medicines and/or hypotensor 65 persons, between 2005 december and 2006 april interview, residents on Terezópolis of Goiás city (Brazil) were distribute in 4 different groups (health, hypertensions, hyperglycemis and hypertensions and hyperglycemics), all submitted to clinics examination that are capillary glycemy fasting, arterial pressure evaluation and anthropometrics data colleted. The evaluation of the this study permit verified that that DM II patients diagnosed present high glycemy levels same with concomitant hypoglycemic medicines use, and that the patients with booth DM and hypertension have larger glycemy level, and that women with DM present larger IMC than men. These data are indicators of need of more care with patients with diseases derivate of metabolic syndrome, better medicines adequate to treatment controls and more care with fatty persons and olds, mainly with hypertension, and more attention to fatty women with hyperglycemia.Item Análise da publicidade de medicamentos veiculada em Goiás - Brasil(Marize Campos Valadares, 2005-12) Freitas, Johnathan Santana de; Zampiere, Ana Lúcia Teixeira de Carvalho; Aquino, Aline Teixeira de; Lobo, Lina Monteiro de Castro; Montes, Patrícia Regina; Soares, Arthur; Silva, Érica T. da; A. Neto, João da C.; Araújo, Mariana de Paiva; Tresvenzol, Leonice Manrique Faustino; Prudente, Luciana Resende; Lima, Dione MarçalMedicines are special products, whose advertisement inserts require different care relating to their ethic and moral aspects, once they have highly specific characteristics and their use is based on a precise diagnosis of a situation that causes risk to health. In this regarding, regulatory agencies established a specific legislation (RDC n° 102/00), set in legal parameters to medicines advertisements. The aim of this work was to evaluate the advertisements of medicines in Goias-Brazil based on the current legislation. The captation of irregular medicine advertisement inserts was performed between November/2004 and September/2005. The analysis followed the guideline “Roteiro de Verificação de Conformidades das Publicidades e Propagandas de Medicamentos”, present in the “Manual de Monitoramento de Propaganda de Produtos Sujeitos à Vigilância Sanitária” (MS, 2005). The results showed most of advertisements were related to over the counter medicines (OTC) (88,63%), followed by medicine prescription (8,33%) and controlled prescription (3,04%). The advertisement flyers were identified as the principal responsible for the propagation of irregular inserts (81,06%), followed by TV (14,40%) and radio (4,54%). In the 132 inserts analysed were detected many non-conformities with legislation and the absence of information about cares and warnings was observed in the majority of them. The present work demonstrated the importance of the medicines advertisements build based on the current legislation, assuring the defense of the population´s health.Item Análise de prescrições médicas para tratamento de câncer de mama em um hospital universitário do estado de São Paulo(2014) Bózoli, Luís Felipe Beloni; Ribeiro, Camila Milani; Zoccal, Polyana Lara de Mello; Ferreira, Iahel Manon de Lima; Fernandes, Rodrigo Marangoni; Sakamoto, Luiz Maçao; Abramovicius, Alexandra Cruz; Andrade, Jurandyr Moreira de; Dewulf, Nathalie de Lourdes Souza; Ungari, Andrea QueirózThis article focuses on the analysis of prescriptions for the treatment of breast cancer in patients followed up in a university hospital in the state of São Paulo. The study analyzed 408 prescriptions between September and December 2012, with 201 in Chemotherapy Center and 207 in Chemotherapy Pharmacy in this teaching hospital. The main results were: (a) from 201 prescriptions analyzed in Chemotherapy Center, only 123 (61.2%) had weight, 89 (44.3%) height and 113 (56.2%) of the body surface patient; (b) 100% of prescriptions in Chemotherapy Center and 48.3% in the Chemotherapy Pharmacy showed abbreviations; (c) the trade name of the drug was present in 54.7% of prescriptions in Chemotherapy Center; (d) high rates of absence of information about the pharmaceutical form of the drug; (e) 05 (1.2%) prescriptions with illegible name of the patient and 04 (1%) prescriptions with illegible name of the drug. Data analysis shows the absence of complete information necessary for the safe use of anticancer drugs, if not evidencing compliance with current legislation. Thus, we highlight the importance of continuous training of physicians about the importance of a clear and complete prescription, as well as greater participation of clinical pharmacists and suggest also the implementation of the electronic prescription. These actions can improve the quality of prescriptions and promote the safe and rational use of medicines.Item Análise farmacognóstica do pó e avaliação do efeito do extrato etanólico das flores da calendula officinalis l. cultivadas no Brasil no sistema imunológico(Marize Campos Valadares, 2004-12) Parente, Leila Maria Leal; Matos, l. G.; Cunha, Luiz Carlos da; Leão, A. R.; Paula, José Realino de; V. Júnior, G.; Silveira, Nusa de AlmeidaCalendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous from Mediterranean area and it was adapted in Brazil. Lots of factors related to cultivation, can affect in a significant way the quality and the quantity of the active principles produced by the plants. In this work, pharmacognostic evaluation of the flowers of C. officinalis from Brazil (Paraná), was accomplish for the quality control of the botanical material. The plant, well known a long time ago, has anti-inflammatory and healing activities and several other effects. It is present in many commercialized therapeutic formulations. In this work, an ethanolic extract of the flowers of the cultivated C. officinalis (EEC) in Brazil was gotten and was become an evaluation of the effect of the EEC in the immunologic system, verifying if the extract also gotten it would present the same immunomodulatory activity for isolated fractions of the plant cultivated in the Europe and Asia.Item Análise microbiológica de matérias primas e formulações farmacêuticas magistrais(Marize Campos Valadares, 2005-12) Andrade, Flávia R. O.; Souza, Aline A.; Arantes, Maria do Carmo Batista; Paula, José Realino de; Bara, Maria Teresa FreitasIn agreement with Good Manufacturing Practice, pharmaceutical products must have a quality according to specifications set by official compendia assuring their use. The microbiological quality of raw material employed in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations is very important to achieve efficacy and safety. In this work it was done the heterotrophic bacteria count, the total viable aerobic count, yeasts and moulds count, detection of pathogenic bacteria in samples of purified water, plant raw materials, natural products and in formula base of creams, lotions and gels. The applied methods and the specifications were based on Pharmacopeas or World Health Organization.The results showed that 86.3% of analysed samples were according to the parameters. The microbiological quality of deionizated water demonstrated a problem to pharmacies and it was verified that 65% of them were above the specifications. It was found that 97.17% of the formulations were with microbial counts in the permited limit. The plant raw materials and natural products showed values of 3.51% and 10.5%, respectively in disagreement with the specifications. The obtained data demonstrated that the Good Manufacturing Practice applied to pharmacies contribute to microbiological quality of the pharmaceutical products, however, critical points must be solved, as the quality of the deionizated water used must be improved.Item Análise tecidual e celular das brânquias de Oreochromis niloticus L. tratadas com extrato etanólico bruto e frações das folhas da pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) - Myrtaceae(2011) Fiuza, Tatiana de Sousa; Silva, P. C.; Paula, José Realino de; Tresvenzol, Leonice Manrique Faustino; Souto, M. E. D; Saboia-Morais, Simone Maria Teixeira deEugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae) is a plant found in the Cerrado biome and traditionally used in the treatment of diarrheas, inflammations, hyperglycemia and hypertension. Previous studies have revealed in vitro antimicrobial activity of E. uniflora. Considering its popular use, this study aimed to assess possible systemic cellular and tissue activities of the crude extract and the fractions from the leaves of this plant on Oreochromis niloticus L. (Nile tilapia) gill. Thus, ethanol extract and fractions from the leaves of this plant were orally administered to the fish in their rations. After 24 hours, the fish were sacrificed and the second gill arch of each fish was dissected, fixed in neutral formalin, dehydrated, embedded in paraffin and sectioned. Masson’s trichome and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were used in the histological analyses. Qualitative analyses using a light microscope led to the conclusion that the crude ethanol extract and the fractions from E. uniflora leaves presented systemic effect on Nile tilapias, affecting the gills. Toxic actions such as respiratory epithelium detachment and lifting, and hyperplasia of interlamellar epithelial cells were more pronounced in the tilapias that ingested higher concentrations. This study helped to identify the vasodilator effect of this plant and contributed to the definition of the Nile tilapia as a model system for testing plant active principles. These tests are expected to make feasible not only the use of plants as fish medication but also the maintenance of the health of animals in intensive and extensive cultures through the possible use of alternatives to synthetic medicationItem Análises preliminares de substâncias viscosas em espectrômetro de infravermelho utilizando suporte alternativo(Marize Campos Valadares, 2006) Soares, Lillian Amélia; Gil, Eric de Soza; Rezende, Kênnia RochaInfrared spectroscopy is a very used technique for structural elucidation of organic compounds. However, some accessories used on sample preparation are somehow expensive. In this work, it was investigated an alternative procedure for qualitative analysis of viscous substances using PVC film like support. Analysis of lanolin anhydrous and vitamin E were realized in KBr discs and PVC film comparatively to literature. The main advantages of this method rely on running samples spending less time, at low-cost support cell obtaining confident spectra.Item Angiogenic activity of Calendula officinalis flowers L. in rats(2011) Parente, Leila Maria Leal; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; Brito, Luiz Augusto Batista; Moura, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de; Miguel, Marina Pacheco; Lino Júnior, Ruy de Souza; Tresvenzol, Leonice Faustino Manrique; Paula, José Realino de; Paulo, Neusa MargaridaPurpose: In this work, angiogenic activity of Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) ethanolic extract and dichloromethane and hexanic fractions were evaluated, considering medicinal properties, especially healing activity, are attributed to this plant. Methods: Models using 36 rats and 90 embryonated eggs were used to evaluate healing and angiogenic activities of extracts and fractions of the plant, through the induction of skin wounds and the chorioallantoic membrane, respectively. The effect of vascular proliferation was also tested from the study to verify the intensity of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cutaneous wounds in rats. Results: The angiogenic activity of the extract and the fractions was evidenced in both experimental models. It was verified that this effect is not directly related to the expression of VEGF and it could be associated to other pro-angiogenic factors. Conclusion: The healing activity referred to C. officinalis is related, among other factors, to its positive effect on angiogenesis, characterized by the induction of neovascularizationItem Annona coriacea induz efeito genotóxico em camundongos(Marize Campos Valadares, 2005-06) Fagundes, Flávio A.; Oliveira, Leonardo B. de; Cunha, Luiz Carlos; Valadares, Marize CamposThis study was designed to evaluate the genetic toxicity of the Annona coriacea using the bone marrow erythrocyte micronucleus test. The results demonstrated that the seed alcoholic extract of this plant, in different doses used (50, 100, 200 or 400mg/kg) induced a significant increase in micronucleus frequencies in bone marrow erythrocytes of mice, when compared to the negative control. In addition, this increase was similar to those found in the group of mice exposed to the positive control (cyclophosphamide 250mg/kg). These results suggest that this plant, in this experimental condition, has a significant potential for induce DNA damage.Item Antimicrobial activity of the crude ethanol extract from Hyptidendron canum leaves(2009) Fiuza, Tatiana de Sousa; Sabóia-Morais, Simone Maria Teixeira de; Paula, José Realino de; Tresvenzol, Leonice Manrique Faustino; Pimenta, Fabiana CristinaThis study proposed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the crude ethanol extract of Hyptidendron canum (Pohl ex Benth.) Harley (Lamiaceae) leaves. The crude ethanol extract was obtained from the dried, pulverized leaves. The H. canum leaf powder was submitted to phytochemical screening. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria and Candida albicans using the well diffusion test and the agar dilution method for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoid and saponinic heterosides. The extract demon strated antimicrobial activity against all microorganisms tested. The MIC for non-sporulated Gram-positive bacteria varied from 4.37 to 17.5mg/mL. The sporulated Gram-positive bacteria tested had their growth inhibited by H. canum (MIC from 4.37 to 35mg/mL). The MIC of H. canum for most of the Gram-negative bacteria was 70mg/mL, except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 17.5mg/mL), at which concentration C. albicans was also inhibited. This is the first report of phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of H. canum.Item Antimicrobial activity of the crude ethanol extract from Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus(2009) Paula, Joelma Abadia Marciano de; Paula, José Realino de; Pimenta, Fabiana Cristina; Rezende, Maria Helena; Bara, Maria Teresa FreitasThe antimicrobial activity of the crude ethanol extract from Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L. R. Landrum (Myrtaceae), collected at two locations in Brazil, was investigated. Leaf samples were collected in April 2005 and in September 2005, both in Brasília, DF, Brazil, and in July 2000 in São Gonçalo do Abaeté, MG, Brazil. They were dried, crushed and used to obtain three crude ethanol extracts. The agar diffusion test was used for antimicrobial activity screening and the agar dilution method for determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). In assay conditions, extracts I, II and III demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, M. roseus, Bacillus cereus, B. atrophaeus, and B. stearothermophilus (MIC 0.39062 to 12.5 mg/mL, MIC 0.78125 to 1.5625 mg/mL and MIC 0.39062 to 1.5625 mg/mL, respectively), against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC 0.39062 to 3.125 mg/mL, MIC 1.5625 mg/mL and MIC 0.78125 to 1.5625 mg/mL, respectively), against clinical isolates of Pseudomonas stutzeri (MIC 0.39062 to 0.78125 mg/mL, MIC 0.78125 to 1.5625 mg/mL, MIC 0.78125 to 1.5625 mg/mL, respectively) and also against Candida albicans fungi (MIC 0.19531 mg/mL for the extracts I, II and III). This study showed that the antimicrobial activity of P. pseudocaryophyllus might be considered sufficient to encourage further studies to isolate and identify its active principles. Pharmacological and toxicological studies are also necessary, followed by studies regarding the culturing and managing processes of this vegetable.Item Antioxidant activity of a standardized extract of Byrsonima japurensis A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae) stem bark(2013-07) Guilhon-Simplicio, Fernanda; Souza, Tatiane Pereira de; Alonso, Alexandre Antônio; Almeida, Patrícia Danielle Oliveira de; Santos, Pierre Alexandre dos; Ohana, Débora Teixeira; Lima, Emerson Silva; Pereira, Maria de MenesesAn infusion of 5% Byrsonima japurensis stem bark, an Amazonian medicinal plant, presented anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperalgesic, antiplatelet and antiulcer activity in a previous study. In this study, pharmacognostical parameters for this raw material were determined and the technological characterization of the infusion was performed, concurrently with the assessment of their antioxidant potential. The analysis of the raw material and the crude extract was done using pharmacopoeial and non-pharmacopeial methods. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS•+) and nitric oxide (NO•) radical scavenger assays. The raw material presented a mean size of particles of 318.30 ± 1.65 µm, ash content of 3.39 ± 0.04 g%, 10.32 ± 0.09 g% loss on drying and 12.23 ± 0.17 g% of matter extractable by water. The extract obtained by infusion of 5% of plant drug is rich in polyphenol compounds (50.69 ± 3.64 mg GAE/g) with appreciable flavonoid content (2.38 ± 1.15 mg quercetin/g). This extract showed expressive antioxidant activity, which was significantly better than ascorbic acid and Trolox in both DPPH and ABTS radical scavengers tests (p < 0.05), which is closely related to its previously detected anti-inflammatory activity