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- ItemPlataformas de microagulhas para liberação transdérmica de fármacos: uma revisão de literatura(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-02-10) Lima, Giovanna Almeida; Costa, Hemerson da Silva; Silva, Luís Antônio Dantas; Silva, Luís Antônio Dantas; Fontanezi, Bianca Bueno; Cardoso, GleidsonThe skin is an attractive option for the delivery of therapeutic agents such as vaccines, biomolecules, and small molecules. However, the superficial layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, can limit the bioavailability of the pharmaceutical active. Drug penetration through the skin is limited to potent molecules with low molecular weight and moderate fat solubility. The efficacy of a drug depends not only on the properties of the active component, but also on the underlying mechanism of delivery to the body. From this perspective, it is important to consider the optimal method of drug delivery according to the drug's properties. The use of micro-needling enables minimally invasive and highly safe delivery. Microneedling, a transdermal drug delivery system, is growing rapidly due to its advantages in improving patient access to drugs, replacing other routes of administration. The purpose of this literature review was to present microdevices as a means of drug administration through microneedles, as well as the technical characteristics and limitations.
- ItemAvaliação do emprego de nanotecnologia à formulações de uso oral de aciclovir(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-02-09) Santos, Yanka Machado de Paula; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Silva, Luís Antônio Dantas; Pascoa, HenriqueAcyclovir is an antiviral from the class of nucleoside analogues, which has selective action against Herpes Simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV 1 and HSV2) and against Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV), being chosen as the gold standard for treatment of these pathologies. Is used to treat primary herpes by reducing the duration of symptoms, but its low oral absorption resulting from low solubility and permeability implies the frequent use of high doses, which increases the chances of adverse effects and reduces adherence to treatment. Due to the potential characteristics of nanometric systems, this approach has been studied as a strategy for delivering, improving solubility and sustained release of Acyclovir. In view of this, this work aimed to evaluate the use of nanotechnology as a strategy to improve the oral bioavailability of the drug Acyclovir, through a bibliographic survey. A limited number of works were found when it comes to improving oral bioavailability, but the reported nanometric systems proved to be promising, such as the use of polymeric nanoparticles, mucoadhesive polymers, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions and the association of different techniques such as the use of nanocrystals. Therefore, nanotechnology has demonstrated results that can help to offer a more effective treatment for the oral use of acyclovir.
- ItemUso de nitratos e nitritos em alimentos e seu impacto na saúde(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-02-10) Soares, Ana Cláudia da Silva; Silva, Aline Gomes de Moura e; Silva, Aline Gomes de Moura e; Silva, Luís Antônio Dantas; Batista, Rayssa DiasThe substitution of natural foods for processed foods caused by the need to preserve and improve aroma and flavor leads to the ingestion of different types of additives, and some of them can cause great harm to our health. The objective of this work was to investigate the main health consequences of the ingestion of food additives, specifically nitrates and nitrites. This study was carried out through a bibliographical research with a descriptive aspect. Nitrate is one of the main sources of nitrite, which is responsible for preserving food, especially meat products. However, in excessive amounts, these additives tend to produce n-nitroso compounds that are considered harmful. Nitrite and nitrate additives are not strictly controlled in Brazil, and it is precisely for this reason that these additives are used indiscriminately and without the necessary precautions. As a direct alternative to the use of nitrites and nitrates, there is natural or organic curing, which refers to the use of plant extracts such as celery, cabbage, kale, lettuce, spinach and chard, naturally rich in nitrates, in the preparation of cured meat products . Thus concluding that there are several natural alternatives that can replace nitrate and nitrite, without this having any negative interference in food preservation.
- ItemAvaliação preliminar da influência do método de preparo e da composição da formulação nas características físico-químicas e estabilidade cinética de carreadores lipídicos nanoestruturados delineados como sistemas para liberação cutânea da leflunomida(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-08-15) Souza, Wayane Karuena Gomes de; Silva, Luís Antônio Dantas; Silva, Luís Antônio Dantas; Mello, Bianca Bueno Fontanezi Dias; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães AlmeidaRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes joint degeneration and leads to loss of function in the area. One of the drugs associated with its treatment is leflunomide, a drug that belongs to the isoxazole class and inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. However, it has adverse events that can make its use unfeasible. Thus, topical administration is a promising alternative and for this, the development of nanoformulations is an option. Lipid nanosystems have the advantage of accommodating the drug in their structure and can be developed by different methods. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of preparation methods and composition of nanostructured lipid carriers (NCL). Emulsification and solvent evaporation and emulsification melting methods were used, associated with the use of a microfluidizer or sonicator. Parameters were evaluated in relation to size and polydispersity index (PDI), by DLS method, and stability for 7 days was evaluated. The average size of 163.4 nm was obtained, with a PDI of 0.301, but there was a tendency for these parameters to increase during stability, being significant after four days, which may be associated with the nanocarrier formulation. More studies should be carried out in order to optimize production and formulation parameters.
- ItemModelos de aprendizado profundo para avaliação de toxicidade aguda de compostos químicos em aves(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-08-24) Ramos, Gabrielle Santos; Neves, Bruno Junior; Neves, Bruno Junior; Pereira, Eufrásia de Sousa; Costa, Vinicius Alexandre FiaiaThe modernization of agriculture has provided economic growth as a result of increased productivity. However, this sector has the intense use of pesticides as a practice, which presents a potential risk to the environment and organisms that provide ecological services such as avian species. Considering that birds are seed-dispersing organisms, in vivo acute toxicity studies have been widely used as regulatory criteria for the registration of new pesticides. However, these studies are usually time consuming, expensive and involve ethical issues. Therefore, this work aimed to develop Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) models, based on machine learning, to predict the acute toxicity of chemical compounds in several bird species. Initially, the compilation, integration and preparation of the largest datasets of compounds with data on experimental toxicological properties were performed for the following avian species: A. platyrhynchos, C.virginianus, C. japonica and P. colchicus. Then, a chemical space analysis showed that the prepared datasets share chemical information with each other, and the correlation of toxicological data between species proved to be moderate (with 'r' around 0.68). At the end of this process, QSAR models for regression tasks were generated using Deep Learning methods. Among them, a multitask model based on Feed-Forward Neural Networks (FFNN), capable of predicting the acute toxicity (pDL50) of several bird species simultaneously, was the most predictive, obtaining r values between 0.59 – 0.80 for the test set. The results demonstrate that the multitasking model was able to promote inductive transfer of learning between tasks, that is, between bioassays of each species. Therefore, the generated model represents a new alternative method to the use of animals for the evaluation of acute avian toxicity.