Contrastes baritados: a toxicologia experimental como ferramenta no estabelecimento de nexo causal de intoxicação maciça por bário
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Data
2006-12
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Editor
Marize Campos Valadares
Resumo
On April, 2003, the Sanitary Surveillance of the State of Goiás (VISA-GO) started to receive
notifications concerning possible poisoning Barium-containing contrast pharmaceutical products of brand A, B and
C. These contrast solutions should be barium sulphate suspensions in water (BaSO4 1 g/ml), which is not absorbed
by the gastrointestinal tract. Two hundred twenty three (223) cases were investigated, in which 44 patients (20%)
were considered poisoning. Of these, 11 (26%) were hospitalized and 9 (21%) died due to the brand A contrast
solution, 24 h after the exposition. The main signals and symptoms were: nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea,
vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias, chronic headache, dyspnea, and agitation. Of the three brand contrast solution,
brand A was associated to 89% of the deaths. In the present work, we investigated the acute toxicity (hippocratic
screening and lethality) of the brand A contrast solution, containing 13,8% of barium carbonate, in comparison to
soluble barium nitrate, Ba(NO3)2 and barium carbonate Ba(CO3)2) and, insoluble (pure barium sulphate). Material and Methods: in was used in the experiments male Swiss mice, weighing 25 g (n=10 mice/group) and male Wistar
rats, (300-430 g) (n=2 or 3 rats/dose) kept in polypropylene box with chow and drinking water ad libitum. All
animals were observed for 14 days; the survivors were sacrificed and anatomopathologic investigated. Control
animals received saline solution only. Results: treatment with Ba(NO3)2, Ba(CO3)2 and brand A produced
poisoning signals, in a dose-dependent manner: tremors, rhinorrhea, cardiac arrhythmias, piloerection, diarrhea,
decrease in motor activity and respiratory rate, paralysis of skeletal muscle, inflammation of penis and testicles,
death (50% of the animals treated with brand A). When the animals were treated with pure barium sulphate no
toxic effects were observed. Lethality: Ba(NO3)2 (800 mg/kg), Ba(CO3)2 (2000 mg/kg) and brand A (2000 and 4000
mg/kg). No death was observed for BaSO4. Mice treated with the doses of 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg, 10, 10 and
50% of the animals died, respectively.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bário, Contraste, Toxicidade aguda, Barium, Radiological contrast, Acute toxicity
Citação
CUNHA, Luiz Carlos da; OLIVEIRA, Rodrigo B.; AZEREDO, Flaubertt Santana; VALADARES, Marize Campos. Contrastes baritados: a toxicologia experimental como ferramenta no estabelecimento de nexo causal de intoxicação maciça por bário. Revista Eletrônica de Farmácia, Goiânia, v. 3, n. 2, p. 68-74, jul./dez. 2006. Disponível em: <https://www.revistas.ufg.br/REF/article/view/2078/2020>.