Phylogenies and traits provide distinct insights about the historical and contemporary assembly of aquatic insect communities
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2016
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The assumption that traits and phylogenies can be used as proxies of species
niche has faced criticisms. Evidence suggested that phylogenic relatedness is a
weak proxy of trait similarity. Moreover, different processes can select different
traits, giving opposing signals in null model analyses. To circumvent these criticisms,
we separated traits of stream insects based on the concept of a and b
niches, which should give clues about assembling pressures expected to act
independently of each other. We investigated the congruence between the phylogenetic
structure and trait structure of communities using all available traits
and all possible combinations of traits (4095 combinations). To account for
hierarchical assembling processes, we analyzed patterns on two spatial scales
with three pools of genera. Beta niche traits selected a priori – i.e., traits related
to environmental variation (e.g., respiration type) – were consistently clustered
on the smaller scale, suggesting environmental filtering, while a niche traits –
i.e., traits related to resource use (e.g., trophic position) – did not display the
expected overdispersion, suggesting a weak role of competition. Using all traits
together provided random patterns and the analysis of all possible combinations
of traits provided scenarios ranging from strong clustering to overdispersion.
Communities were phylogenetically overdispersed, a pattern previously
interpreted as phylogenetic limiting similarity. However, our results likely
reflect the co-occurrence of ancient clades due to the stability of stream habitats
along the evolutionary scale. We advise ecologists to avoid using combinations
of all available traits but rather carefully traits based on the objective under
consideration. Both trait and phylogenetic approaches should be kept in the
ecologist toolbox, but phylogenetic distances should not be used as proxies of
traits differences. Although the phylogenetic structure revealed processes operating
at the evolutionary scale, only specific traits explained local processes operating
in our communities.
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Assembly rules, Trait structure, Community assembly, Niche complementarity, Ecophylogenetics, Habitat filtering
Citação
SAITO, Victor S.; CIANCIARUSO, Marcus Vinicius; SIQUEIRA, Tadeu; FONSECA-GESSNE, Alaide A.; PAVOINE, Sandrine. Phylogenies and traits provide distinct insights about the historical and contemporary assembly of aquatic insect communities. Ecology and Evolution, London, v. 6, n. 9, p. 2925-2937, 2016. DOI:
10.1002/ece3.2081. Disponível em: https://onlinelibrary-wiley.ez49.periodicos.capes.gov.br/doi/10.1002/ece3.2081. Acesso em: 20 jan. 2023.