Doutorado em Agronomia (EA)

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Manejo do mofo branco (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum L.) em tomateiro industrial
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-08-30) AGUIAR, Renata Alves de; CUNHA, Marcos Gomes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2006008625763742
Brazil ranks ninth in the world production of tomato (Solanum esculentum L.), while much of this production is destined for processing industries. The added value obtained with the fruit processing endorses this species as the vegetable with the greatest economic importance in the Cerrado region of Brazil, where the State of Goiás stands out as the largest producer. Despite the favorable soil and climatic conditions, several factors have hindered its production, especially diseases caused by soilborne pathogens, which had increased their importance with the adoption of intensive production systems. Among them, white mold caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary has caused serious problems in infested soils, under mild temperatures and high humidity. Concerning the large number of S. sclerotiorum hosts and the lack of resistant hybrids, chemical control has been chosen as the most common method for disease management, despite not always efficient, due to the difficulties to reach the pathogen s resistance structures in the soil. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the disease escape on different tomato hybrids, to compare the effectiveness of synthetic fungicides mixed or not to potassium silicate; evaluate the biological control of white mold, with different commercial products based on Trichoderma spp. associated or not to a synthetic fungicide, and to evaluate the biological control with or without chemical fungicides, applied through chemigation. Tests were carried out in soil of medium texture at Unilever experimental farm, in Goiânia (GO), from 2008 to 2010. The experimental area was previously infested with sclerotia of the pathogen, obtained in pre-cleaning wastes of soybean. Drip irrigation was used in all tests, which had 4 plants m-1 with 1.5 meters between rows. The hybrids used in the disease escape tests were: U232, U2006 (Unilever), H9992, H7155 (Heinz), N877 (Nunhems) and H108 (Hypeel). In all other essays, Heinz 9780 was the chosen hybrid. All experiments were conducted under randomized blocks design with three replications, and had weekly assessments of disease incidence to estimate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). We also evaluated the productivity and its components, as well as acidity, soluble solids content and industrial yield. The results were submitted to ANOVA and to the Scott Knott or Tukey tests at 5%, using the statistical program Sisvar. It was shown that: Hybrids H9992 and Hp108 had lower AUDPCs, suggesting a partial escape to white mold and that hybrid choice can be added to the disease management cultural practices, despite there was no difference on their yield. In 2008, under higher disease pressure, potassium silicate in plots without fungicide application showed disease incidence, AUDPC, productivity and industrial yield equivalent to treatments with fluazinam and procymidone, and superior to results with benzalkonium chloride. There was no difference between treatments with Trichoderma spp. associated or not to fluazinam, in any of the assessed traits. Regarding industrial yield, there was an interaction between Trichoderma, fluazinam and years, with higher pulp yield under higher disease incidence and fluazinam sprayed alone. It was found that biological control with Trichoderma spp. via chemigation as a single measure or in mixture with the synthetic fungicides procymidone fluazinam reduced the AUDPC and increased the productivity of processing tomatoes in 25 tons on average, compared to the control. Therefore, this study showed new options for the integrated management of white mold in processing tomatoes.
Adição de pó de aciaria como fonte de micronutrientes e diferentes níveis de calagem em solos de cerrados cultivados
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-26) Alves Filho, Anibal Sebastião; Dornelles, Milton Sergio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601151044965568; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937; Ximenes, Paulo Alcanfor; Borges, Jácomo Divino; Barros, Rosana Gonçalves; Menezes, Luiz Antônio Silva; Leandro, Wilson Mozena
The savannas reached prominence in the development of corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and processing tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), Depending on the economic and social importance of these crops. The problems of acid soils and nutrient deficiency in the savannas are common in most soils, but once overcome these obstacles, the cultures exhibit satisfactory development and production. Increasingly it becomes necessary, by the dynamism that modern agriculture provides that alternative mechanisms of replenishment of nutrients to the soil are offered, due to the high cost of fertilizer and high extraction of these elements in each cycle of crops. The use of industrial waste from various sources has shown potential for agricultural use, for purposes of correction of acidosis, addition of macro and micronutrients to the soil or even physical conditioning of the soil, always under careful criteria used to avoiding the environmental contamination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the electric arc furnace dust coming from the steel industry as a source of micronutrients in crops of corn, soybean and tomato at different levels of liming. The tests were conducted in two locations. A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of the School of Agronomy and Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, in Goiânia-GO, Brazil and other, in a greenhouse at Palmital Farm, municipality of Urutaí-GO, in campus of the Instituto Federal Goiano. During three years, were evaluated in Goiânia-GO, the use of steelmaking dust in corn in rotation with soybean and, in Urutaí-GO, for seven months, the tomato crop in succession with soybeans. The results in both experiments indicated that the levels of heavy metals detected in soil and leaves of the plants analyzed were below the limits considered toxic.
Histologia, bioquímica e herança da resistência do genótipo de algodoeiro TX25 a Meloidogyne incognita, raça 3
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-01-31) Alves, Gleina Costa Silva; Carneiro, Regina Maria Dechechi Gomes; Rocha, Mara Rúbia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4660306671671575; Teramoto, Adriana; Furlanetto, Cleber; Duarte, João Batista; Barroso, Paulo Augusto Vianna; Rocha, Mara Rúbia da
Meloidogyne incognita race 3 is a limiting factor for cotton crop, and the genetic resistance is one of the most desirable control measures for being environmentally and economically suitable. The objective of this research was to study the resistance inheritance of cotton genotype TX 25 to M. incognita race 3 and identify the resistance mechanism. Two experiments for phenotyping were conducted under greenhouse conditions, using two parental genotypes (susceptible FM 966 and resistant TX 25), backcross, generation F1 and generation F2. The plants were maintained for 120 days after inoculation (DAI). Plants were evaluated for gall index, egg mass index and reproduction factor. Histopathological study was conducted and the root systems evaluated at 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 16, 18, 21 , 23, 29, 34 and 45 DAI. The roots werestained with acid fuscin to assess the nematode penetration. Rootlet cuts were made to observe the changes caused by the presence of the nematode in the root system of susceptible and resistant cotton cultivar. Biochemical tests were also conducted with the two parental genotypes. In this essay, the plants were kept in the greenhouse and inoculated with eggs and J2 of M. incognita. Assessments occurred at eight, 24 and 35 days after inoculation. The genotypes were compared biochemically as to total phenols, flavonoids, liquid chromatography and magnetic resonance imaging. The genotype TX 25 showed resistance to M. incognita race 3 when attacked by the nematode with the plants producing a hypersensitivity reaction. The crosses derived from TX 25 and FM 966 showed olygogenic resistance. TX 25 also shows glycosylated flavonoids and sugars that provide resistance to Meloidogyne incognita race 3.
Resposta do crambe (Crambe abyssinica) a calagem e adubação mineral em solos de cerrado
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-03-22) Alves, José Milton; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937; Damin, Virgínia; Cunha, Patrícia Pinheiro da; Souchie, Edson Luiz; Jacob Neto, Jorge; Leandro, Wilson Mozena
There are no specific recommendations for the culture of crambe over fertilization with macro and micronutrients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of base saturation and mineral fertilization on crop crambe. Experiments were set in two growing seasons. In the first year were montadsos experiments in pots in the greenhouse and in the year 2010 which evaluated independently, the effect of doses of (N, P, Zn and B). The doses evaluated in mg kg-1 of soil were: N (control, 20, 40 and 80), P (control, 20, 40 and 80), Zn (control, 1, 2, and 4), B (control, 0.5, 1, and 2.) We evaluated the following parameters: root dry weight per plant, shoot dry mass per plant, grain yield per plant and oil content of the grain. In the year 2011, which was the second year of cultivation, were assembled in three experiments to evaluate field conditions, in isolation, in a factorial design the effect of raising the base saturation and nitrogen levels, base saturation and doses Phosphorus and base saturation and potassium levels in the culture of crambe. Each of these experiments was formed by a factorial design (4x3) with 4 replicates totaling 48 installments, the common witness to all nutrients. In each experiment, four levels of saturation and three levels of each mineral fertilizers. The base saturation levels were: (34 - natural soil, 40, 50 and 60%). The mineral fertilizers were evaluated: a) Nitrogen - 1 = control, 2 = 40 kg ha-1 nitrogen, 3 = 80 kg ha-1 nitrogen, b) Phosphorus - 1 = control, 2 = 40 kg ha-1 P2O5, 3 = 80 kg ha-1 P2O5, c) potassium - 1 = control, 2 = 40 kg ha-1 of K2O, 3 = 80 kg ha-1 of K2O. The experimental plots were formed by a rectangle of 9 m2 with 5 lines of planting spacing of 0.45 m between them. The planting was held using the cultivar 'Bright FMS ". The results obtained in greenhouse experiments showed that the addition of nitrogen increased linearly all measured parameters. The addition of phosphorus levels increased linearly the development of root, shoot and grain production. Addition of zinc doses increased linearly shoot growth and grain yield. The addition of boron doses quadratically influenced the development of the root system. The experiments in the field showed that the addition of nitrogen increased the dry weight of roots and shoots, productivity and no influence on oil content. The phosphorus levels significantly increased all parameters evaluated. Potassium significantly increased all parameters except the oil content. The base saturation influenced all parameters in a linear or quadratic.
Reação de genótipos de soja ao mofo branco
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-06-19) Andrade, Gabriela Carolina Guimarães; Cunha, Marcos Gomes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2006008625763742; Cunha, Marcos Gomes da; Carrer Filho, Renato; Garcia, Riccely Ávila; Silva, Adélia Cristina Fernandes; Ferreira, Maria Alves
White Mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum fungi, is, currently, one of the most important diseases of soybean, causing considerable economic losses and is of difficult control. The Fungi has more than 400 host species, including crops of agronomical importance as soybean, common beans and sunflower. The dissemination is mainly accomplished by infected seeds or by the presence of sclerotium. Genetic resistance is the most effective of plant disease control but is not well known about the soybean varieties resistance in Brazil and the current inoculation methods do not always have good correlation with field data. The main goals of this study were the evaluation of the resistance of soybean genotypes in two environments, Barreira – BA and Jatai – GO, correlate the rainfall with the variables analyzed, test two different methods, one in the greenhouse using tooth pick and other in the laboratory using oxalic acid, as well as correlate the data from the experiments in the fields with the greenhouse and the sensibility to the oxalic acid. According to the data analyzed, there are differences between genotypes of soybean in respect to the resistance of white mold. Early genotypes and more resistant to lodging were more resistant to white mold, but showing variations in the results. There was interaction between environment and soybean genotypes. The environment influenced meaningfully the occurrence of the disease in the tested genotypes, where in the severity correlate negatively and meaningfully with yield, in other words, the bigger the severity, the less the yield. The genotypes ANTA82, 2011L003 and 2011L005 had higher yields and were genetically more resistant to the disease. In respect to the methods used for the selection of resistant genotypes to white mold, it was seen that the oxalic acid method is an alternative for selection of resistant genotypes, since the variability of the pathogen is not considered, using the physiological traits of the genotypes. The experiments in the greenhouse are not correlated to the experiments in the field, due to the difficulty of reproducing equal symptoms that normally occur in the field. However, the method of the oxalic acid was shown to be reliable to be used in the phenotype of soybean cultivars but methodology adjusts should be done in future tests.
Produção de mudas de espécies florestais inoculadas em dois tipos de recipientes
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-17) Andraus, Michel de Paula; Brasil, Eliana Paula Fernandes; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Borges, Jácomo Divino; Calil, Francine Neves; Cunha, Ananda Helena Nunes; Sousa, Ricardo Fernandes de
Nowadays there is an increasing environmental pressure, which causes industries to develop new alternatives for the destination of residues generated by industrial processes. The costs of construction and maintenance of industrial landfills and the environmental risks that are involved in this process have aroused the interest of several industries in studying the feasibility of residues application in agriculture. One of the alternatives for agroindustrial residues is the substrate for seedlings. In view of the above, it is verified that the use of containers of agroindustrial residues pressed together with the inoculation of rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi can bring numerous benefits to the production of forest seedlings and also to the environment. However, the association of these practices has not been sufficiently studied. The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytotechnical aspects of three forest species when cultivated in pressed blocks, composed of different proportions of agroindustrial residues and convenctional plastic tubes, and the effect of inoculation with rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi on these seedlings. For that, an experiment was carried out in which four compounds with different ratios of sugarcane bagasse, filter cake, coconut fiber and aviary waste were made. In the pressed blocks of the selected composted substrate were planted seeds of Acacia manigium, Sesbania virgata and Eucalyptus grandis. The first two species were inoculated with rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi specific for each species, and eucalyptus only with mycorrhizal fungi. At 70 days after sowing, mycorrhizal colonization, nodulation, phytotechnical and nutritional parameters were evaluated. And the data were submitted to analysis of variance and test of comparison of means. It was verified that the pressed blocks of agroindustrial residues do not provide better development of seedlings of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus grandis in relation to the conventional tube. Inoculation with rhizobia, alone or associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the seedling production phase, provides better development of the Acacia mangium species. The seedlings of Sesbânia presented better development with the system of production of seedlings in pressed blocks, made with agroindustrial residues. It could be observed that the response to the use of the pressed blocks depends on the species that will be used.
Modelagem matemática da variação espaço-temporal da temperatura média diária e do ciclo do algodoeiro herbáceo no Estado de Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-08-14) ANTONINI, Jorge Cesar dos Anjos; OLIVEIRA, Virlei Alvaro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0739376049142731; OLIVEIRA, Luiz Fernando Coutinho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5499109407814908; GRIEBELER, Nori Paulo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2953067359172793
The regional climatic conditions in the State of Goias Brazil are favorable for herbaceous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium hutch) cultivation. However, for achieving the best productivities, it is important that both the planting date and the fruiting period be matched with the adequate soil-water availability as well as that the period from open bull to harvesting be coincident with the dry period. Thus, the knowledge of cotton cycle as function of planting location is very important for choosing the optimum planting date. In this context, the air temperature is one of the climatic variables that mostly influence the cotton growth. Nevertheless, the low density of meteorological stations with capability for measuring temperature has restricted the modeling studies for estimating cotton cycle. This work was carried out with the objective of developing and validating mathematical models to estimate average daily air temperature and based on the degreesday theory, the cycle of herbaceous cotton in the State of Goias, considering altogether its variations in space and time. Both models were based on a linear combination of elevation, latitude, longitude, and the daily time variation, represented by an incomplete Fourier series. The parameter models were adjusted to the data from 21 meteorological stations available in the State of Goiás and Federal District of Brazil, using multiple linear regressions with observations varying from eight to twenty four years. In the case of modeling degrees-day, the maximum and minimum temperature data were limited between 15°C and 40°C, which were taken as the lower and upper threshold temperatures, respectively. The air-temperature model was validated against the measured data from three meteorological stations from different elevations: high (1100 m), medium (554 m) and low (431 m). The coefficients of determination obtained from fitting the models for both daily air-temperature and daily degrees-day were 0.82 and 0.84, respectively, resulting in a medium performance for both low and high altitudes and very good for intermediate altitudes. The validation of the degrees-day model was conducted by comparing the period duration running from crop emergence to 90% open bulls observed from cotton cultivars, cropped in commercial fields. The results showed an overall performance index of 0.85, which was considered as very good. The models developed in this study adequately estimated the average daily air temperature and the cycle of herbaceous cotton cultivars in the State of Goias
Aspectos da biologia e manejo do nematoide de cisto da soja
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-07-04) Araújo, Fernando Godinho de; Rocha, Mara Rúbia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4660306671671575; Rocha, Mara Rúbia da; Melo, Patrícia G. Santos; Campos, Hércules Diniz; Ribeiro, Neucimara Rodrigues; Meyer, Maurício Conrado
Soybean is the most important oilseed crop grown in the world and Brazil is the second largest producer. Many pest problems can affect soybean, including the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. The search for efficient management alternatives of this nematode and understanding of their biology have been largely studied, but still lacking information. Experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions and naturally infested field aiming to better understand the behavior of H. glycines and to propose management alternatives. The first study had the purpose to evaluate the penetration and life cycle of H. glycines, race 3 (HG Type 0 -) in soybean cultivars resistant (BRSGO 8860RR) and susceptible (BRS Valiosa RR) under greenhouse conditions. Evaluations in stained roots were made at 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 and 30 days after inoculation (DAI). The penetration of H glycines occurred throughout the period of evaluation in both cultivars. The H. glycines life cycle was completed in 15 days, both in the susceptible and resistant cultivars. Resistant cultivar had the peak period of formation of J3, J4 and females delayed in comparison with the susceptible cultivar. The second study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of the resistance to H. glycines under high inoculum concentration, and the effect of increasing inoculum rates on the penetration of juveniles and H. glycines survival. Two experiments were conducted using three soybean cultivars (BRS Valiosa RR, susceptible to H. glycines; BRSGO Chapadoes and BRSGO 8860RR, both resistant to H. glycines) under four inoculum concentrations (1.000, 2.500, 5.000 and 10.000 eggs and J2 per plant). The increase in the H. glycines inoculum concentration increased the final nematode population in the susceptible cultivar. The cultivar resistance was not affected by high inoculum concentration. The root penetration of J2 increased as the inoculum concentration increased regardless the cultivar. The survival rate was higher in the susceptible cultivar decreasing with increasing of inoculum concentration. The third study evaluated the effect of seed treatment two soybean cultivars (resistant BRSGO 8860RR and susceptible BRS Valiosa RR). Two experiments were conducted, one in a naturally infested field and other under greenhouse conditions. The seed treatments did not affect the stand and the plant height of the resistant soybean cultivar. There was no effect of seed treatments on the nematode population in the field experiment. Under greenhouse, seeds treated with abamectin (50 and 75 mL a.i. 100 kg seed-1) + thiamethoxam (70 mL a.i.), imidacloprid + thiodicarb (105+315 mL a.i.) and thiodicarb + imidacloprid with carbendazim + thiram (75+225 e 30+70 mL a.i.) reduced the number of females per gram of roots on the susceptible cultivar. Seed treatment with imidacloprid + thiodicarb (75+225 mL a.i.) also reduced the number of eggs per female on the resistant cultivar BRSGO 8860RR.
Atributos químicos do solo e desempenho de culturas em rotação ou consórcio com plantas de cobertura em sistema agroflorestal
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-09) Arruda, Everton Martins; Flores, Rilner Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6161143914254137; Collier, Leonardo Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7449368697500123; Collier, Leonardo Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7449368697500123; Calil, Francine Neves; Damin, Virgínia; Cruz, Simério Carlos Silva; Behling, Maurel
The presence of an arboreal component, such as in agroforestry systems, can promote a better balance of tropical ecological processes, allowing agricultural exploration in vertical and horizontal landscape profiles. This, together with the inclusion of single or intercropped cover crops in the agroforestry understory can increase the beneficial effects through interaction among species, favoring greater nutrient accumulation and cycling. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the soil chemical attributes and the performance of agricultural species and cover crops in rotation/consortium in an agroforestry system in the cerrado region of Goiás. The research was carried out between 2012 and 2016, in the city of Goiânia-Goiás, in an agroforestry system implanted in an 8- year-old Baru forest (Dipteryx alata V.). Soil from the experimental area was classified as typical dystrophic Red Latosol. The experimental design was randomized complete block (RCB), with four replications. Cover plants were cultivated singly: Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan); Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande (Stylosanthes macrocephala - 20% and Stylosanthes capitata - 80%); Massai grass (Panicum maximum) and intercropped: Pigeon pea+ Massai grass and Stylosanthes + Massai grass, in addition to an area under spontaneous vegetation (control treatment). We evaluated soil chemical fertility and dry phytomass productivity and macronutrient accumulations by cover crops, quality and yield of corn silage grown in rotation with the cover plants, relative index of chlorophylls and growth of Banana trees cultivated in consortium with the cover plants, in addition to the growth of the Baru trees during this period (height, diameter at breast height and crown diameter). The Campo Grande Stylosanthes increased the calcium contents, pH values and sum of bases in the soil solution at depth 0-10 cm after two years of cultivation. However, Massai grass, alone, increased potassium levels at depth 0-10 and 10-20 cm in the same cultivation year. The dry matter yield of silage maize was similar among the residual straw of Pigeon pea, Massai grass, and Stylosanthes + Massai grass cultivars. However, cultivation with residual Stylosanthes increased the crude protein percentage. The growth in height of the banana trees at 6 and 12 months was higher in consortium with Massai grass when compared to the area maintained with spontaneous vegetation. The incremental increase in height of Baru trees only increased after two years through the residual Campo Grande Stylosanthes. The highest productivity of dry phytomass was obtained from Massai grass, alone. The accumulations of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and sulfur were similar among Massai grass alone, Stylosanthes alone, and Massai grass + Stylosanthes consortium. However, potassium and magnesium accumulations were only higher in the aerial part of the Massai grass, alone.
Fertilizantes com polímeros, DMPP e EDTA aplicados em tomate industrial e efeito residual na soja
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-04-25) Barbosa, Juliano Magalhaes; Leandro , Wilson Mozena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937
The processing of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is featured in the centerwest region of Brazil, especially the state of Goiás, which currently leads the national production. Soy (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is the culture that has grown over the past decades, especially in the central regions of Brazil, in other words, in the Cerrado. It's an interesting succession of areas cultivated under irrigation management in winter crop, taking advantage of the residual fertilizer left by irrigated crops. The present work aims to evaluate the application of stabilized fertilizers and slow release in partial or total replacement of conventional NPK fertilizer in cultivation of industrial tomato and its residual effect on soybean in crop rotation, evaluating by the determination of the related attributes productivity. The study was performed in field's condition in a Distrofic Red Latosoil clay soil in the experimental area of the School of Agronomy in Goiania – Goias. The experiment was conducted in the years 2011 and 2012 in a randomized complete block design with seven treatments and five repetitions. Conventional fertilizer NPK 04-30-16 fertilizer and partially coated with polymers and stabilized with DMPP was used. The source of fertilizer was applied only in the culture of industrial tomatoes associated with tillage. In the 2011/2012 season there was no reapplication and used tillage system without tillage. Sampling of soil and leaf were taken at flowering crops. It is concluded that partial replacement of NPK fertilizer at planting for fertilizers with DMPP responds with significant result for productivity. When complete replacement of fertilizer DMPP via soil is performed the result is not significant for yield. Of soybean crops in succession to growing tomatoes no residual effect of fertilizer was observed for productivity.
Simulação da intensidade de infestação de Diatraea saccharalis e impactos na qualidade tecnológica e econômica da cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-31) Belém, Camila de Souza Queiroz Pinheiro de; Fernandes, Paulo Marçal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9497281141847296; Fernandes, Paulo Marçal; Melo, Aniela Pilar Campos de; Pereira, Jaqueline Magalhães; Borges, Lurdineide de Araújo B.; Caliari, Márcio
The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is an important pest of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). Galleries are produced within the stalks as a result of the larval feeding. The holes allow the entry of microorganisms and fungi that can modify the technological quality of the raw material that goes to the industry. In this context, the objective was to estimate the influence of infestation intensity of D. saccharalis on the sugarcane technological quality and economic in different varieties. Two experiments were carried out. One with plants collected in September 2014 and another with plants collected in July 2015. In both of them was used completely randomized design with five repetitions. Treatments resulted of a factorial combination between three sugarcane varieties (IAC91-1099, RB86 7515 e CTC 4) and six infestation intensities of D. saccharalis (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% e 100%). Each plot corresponded to cane internodes with percent internodes with borer and rot corresponding to infestation intensities. The contents of Brix in the juice, Pol in the juice, fiber of the cane, Pol in cane, Purity of the juice, juice reducing sugars, stalk reducing sugar and total recoverable sugar were evaluated. The influence of the infestation intensity of D. saccharalis on sugarcane varies between the varieties and between the harvesting seasons. The presence of red rot in sugarcane does not necessarily imply loss of technological quality. The level of control should not be generalized and should be established taking into account varieties and harvesting carried out in the middle and at the end of the harvest.
Caracterização sensorial e físico-química de tangerinas produzidas em Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-02-23) Belo, Ana Paula Marquez; Cunha Júnior, Luis Carlos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3474242164762840; Souza, Eli Regina Barboza de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7641431808466123; Souza, Eli Regina Barboza de; Naves, Ronaldo Veloso; Fernandes, Paulo Marçal; Borges, Jácomo Divino; Camilo, Yanuzi Mara Vargas
There is a Brazilian citriculture vulnerability, permeated by a small variability on the tangerines which are part of a comercialized group, with a lack of consumer market by a greater supply of this product. Linked to this fact, there is a divergence of quantitative information related to the market and the tangerine characterization making it difficult the public and private actions that provide to the planning and development of the production and trade. Based on these issues, it is aimed to develop a study of the evolution of price, the physico-chemical characterization and Ponkan tangerine sensory characteristics for fruits of early harvest, harvest and of harvest of Goiás State.The tangerines and the price data on trade were collected weekly during the months between March and August (season and off season) in 2015. Simultaneously with the collection of plant material, it was collected data related to market prices charged by tangerine distributors of Goiás State. Sensory analysis was performed, using hedonic scale and test purchase intent, determination of fresh mass, longitudinal and transverse directions diameters, number of seeds, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, ratio, vitamin C levels and peeling color. The obtained data was submitted to descriptive statistics (measures of position - average) and variance analysis (F test, Tukey test) to assess the significance of the harvest period (harvest season, late harvest) in the tangerine chemical and physical attributes. It was also intended to do an organical analysis and compare the three varieties of citrus, Ponkan Tangerine (C. reticulata Blanco), the hybrids Clementina (Citrus Clementina Hort. eg. Tanaka) and the Murcote one (C. reticulata Blanco x C. Sinensis Osbeck) and tangerine Clementina sel. Palazelli (Citrus Clementina hort. eg. Tanaka) and compare the physico-chemical characteristics of a traditional variety of tangerine in Brazil, the Ponkan tangerine, with other varieties. Varieties were studied such as Hino Akebono, Oogui Wase, Ogata, Iwaki, Hybrid 21, Clementina x Murcote, Oota Poncan Nankan, 20, Clementina Palazelli, Ankou Tangor, Imazu Poncan, Cravo, Robson, Ortanique tangor, 'Poncan Embrapa, Tangor Nova, Hybrid 34, Ponkan, Clemenules, Organic Ponkan, BRS Page, Miyauti, Montenegrin, Clementina, Decopon, Tangor Lee, Kyomi Tangor, Ellendalle Tangor. A study was carried out on the physicochemical fruit characteristics, as fresh mass, longitudinal diameter and transverse directions, juice yield, number of seeds (SN), soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), pH, ratio (SS/TA), levels of vitamin C, and total extractable polyphenols (PFT), as well as the total antioxidant activity and the data of peel color. The organic compounds characterization was obtained from plant extracts analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS), using the electrospray ionization technique (ESI). The results were submitted to variance analysis, complemented by the Scott-Knott test. It was also aimed to evaluate the acceptability, the purchase intent and the preference for five tangerine varieties when compared to the variety ponkan, at the beginning and end of season and also to get to know the discussion between the convencional and organic ponkan. And during the study, some varieties were used such as Oogui Wase, Hino Akebono, Ogata, Lee and Kyomi Taylor, the commercial variety of Ponkan and organic ponkan. There was a preference and scale of attitude ranking test or purchase intention and preference test for paired comparison and acceptance with structured hedonic scale verbal. All tests had the presence of 50 evaluators, aged between 18 and 70 years. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistics (average, relative frequency) and the significance of the treatments was estimated through the F test, and the average compared by the Tukey test. The attributes for the appearance, taste and purchase of all varieties were compiled for conducting multivariate analysis. They were used principal components analysis (via correlation matrix) and cluster analysis (UPGMA - Unweighted Pair Group Method sing Arithmetic Averages), using the euclidean distance as similarity coefficient. The main obtained conclusions in each study were: the evolution of Ponkan fruit price that are comercialized in Goiás State following a parabolic trend.The price depends on seasonal factors linked to the harvest period. The fruit which are sold during the season, show physical specific standard (greater mass and diameter) and chemical (less acid and with greater ratio), culminating in greater acceptability by people who judge it. The variety Ponkan, one of the favorite commercially , cannot be considered as a natural source with properties high antioxidants. The Miyauti tangerine is a very promising one for the consumer market due to their beneficial health phytochemistry composition. Oogui Wase is the one with higher similarities with Ponkan in relation to physical attributes, in addition to be seedless. Clementina Murcote x and Clementina Palazelli show chemical profiles that should be studied and can be used by science source. Frutos de Lee, Oogui, Hino and Ogata are not considered good to consumme because of the taste and appearance culminating in low purchase. Ponkan fruit from the beginning to the end of season are the favorite ones because of their appearance and taste superiority. The appearance is the main attribute to set the intention to purchase. Ponkan from conventional system are superior in appearance but below the flavor in relation to organic fruit in general.
Volatilização de amônia e produtividade do feijoeiro irrigado adubado com diferentes fontes de nitrogênio
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-12-16) BERNARDES, Tatiely Gomes; SILVEIRA, Pedro Marques da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4242408931816325
In the bean crop nitrogen (N) is the nutrient required in greatest quantity, being related to increases in common bean yield. As the source of this nutrient urea fertilizer is used more in the world due to its low cost per unit of N, however, its use can result in high losses due to ammonia (NH3) volatilization. This work was developed from three experiments performed in the field, conducted in the winter crop in the years 2009 and 2010, at Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antonio de Goiás, GO, Brazil. The objective was to evaluate N by NH3volatilization loss, using different sources of nitrogen fertilizer applied to irrigated common beans. The first experiment was a randomized block, with four replications, in a factorial 3 x 4, consisted of three sources of nitrogen fertilizer, urea, urea + NBPT and gradual release N fertilizer, and four rates of N, 0; 50; 100 and 150 kg ha-1, on side-dressing fertilization. In the second experiment, the design was a randomized block, with four replications. The treatments consisted of four different amounts of straw tifton (Cynodon spp. Cv. Tifton 85) on the soil surface, 0; 5; 10 and 20 Mg ha-1, and side-dressing fertilizer nitrogen with two sources, urea and gradual release N fertilizer. The third experiment was in randomized block design, with five repetitions. The treatments consisted of the application of five sources of nitrogen fertilizer, urea, urea + NBPT, urea + polymer, ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate at sowing and in coverage, more control (without N). The N rates had a positive influence on grain yield of common bean. Urea caused higher NH3 volatilization, however, the conditions of the present study these losses were relatively low. Less accumulated volatilization occurred in soil with 20 Mg ha-1 straw tifton soil surface, due to higher soil water storage. The urease activity in soil was not influenced by the sources and rates of N. The common bean grain yield was not influenced by sources of nitrogen fertilizer.
Épocas de cultivo, densidades de plantio e soma térmica de híbridos de tomate para processamento industrial
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-03-01) Bezerra, Ricardo de Sousa; Alves Júnior, José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3418524049655817; Evangelista, Adão Wagner Pêgo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5171893735359718; Evangelista, Adão Wagner Pêgo; Cardoso, Cláudio Fernandes; Ximenes, Paulo Alcanfor; Casaroli, Derblai; Nascimento, Abadia dos Reis
Most of the Brazilian production of processing tomatoes is practiced in the Cerrado region, justified by the absence of impeding factors for crop cultivation in the months of February to October. The aim of this work was to identify planting dates, planting densities, and thermal sum that allow better agricultural and industrial yields with the commercial hybrids of processing tomato planted by industries operating in the goiano Cerrado. For studies with planting densities and planting densities, six experiments were conducted in the 2017 season. Three experiments were performed in period 1, transplanting at the beginning of April, one experiment for each hybrid: N-901, U-2006 and CVR-2909. In period 2, transplants at the end of May, three more experiments were done with the same hybrids. The experiments were designed in random complete block, with six replicates. In all experiments, five planting densities were evaluated: D1 = 20 thousand plants ha-1; D2 = 25,000 plants ha-1; D3 = 30 thousand plants ha-1; D4 = 35 thousand plants ha-1; and D5 = 40 thousand plants ha-1. The effects of planting densities in the six experiments were analyzed joint, considering the three hybrids and the two planting dates as the effects of the experiments. The total and commercial yields were evaluated; and total and commercial production per plant. To evaluate the performance of hybrids at different planting dates and thermal sum, two experiments were conducted in the 2017 season, the first with transplanting at the beginning of April, corresponding to period 1, and the second with transplanting at the end of May (period 2). In the same way, two experiments were done on 2018 season in the same periods. The hybrids H-9553, N-901, BA-5630, CVR-2909 and CVR-6116 were cultivated in every experiments. The experiments were designed in random complete block, with four replicates. The total and commercial yields were evaluated; maturation uniformity; soluble solids content; pulp yield; and firmness of the fruits. The effects of the hybrids obtained in the four experiments were analyzed joint, considering the season and planting dates as the effects of the experiments. In general, the meteorological conditions presented different behaviors between the two seasons. It is possible to increase the productive performance of tomato hybrids for processing in the Cerrado region by adopting the appropriate planting density and the best planting date for each hybrid. Planting densities higher than 40,000 plants ha-1, in single lines, should be evaluated, as it was not possible to obtain maximum yield points at the densities evaluated. The hybrids H-9553, N-901, BA-5630, CVR-2909 and CVR-6116 present similar quality and ideal performances to be cultivated in periods 1 and 2; the thermal sum for the five hybrids can range from 1495.1 ° C.day to 1728.0 ° C.day.
Caracterização físico-química e produtiva de frutos e sementes e propagação de Eugenia calycina Camb. (Myrtaceae)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-01-29) Borges, Kelly Cristiene de Freitas; Borges, Jácomo Divino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6694312790302062; Borges, Jácomo Divino; Souza, Eli Regina Barboza de; Venturoli, Fábio; Didonet, Agostinho Dirceu; Pacheco, Abilio Rodrigue
Many native fruit species of the Cerrado biome have great food potential, however, in this respect, still very poorly studied. This research aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical and productive characteristics of fruits and seeds and propagation of Surinam Eugenia calycina, the Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) Hunt Club and Itororó Fishing, municipality of Uberlândia- GO. The readings to obtain the phenological data were always performed in the second ten days of each month. Biometrics fruit and seeds were carried out in 50 selected fruit materials collected at four separate locations in the area of RPPN. It was obtained length (mm) and width (mm) of the fruits and seeds using a digital caliper, and made to count the number of seeds per fruit. Seed germination test consisted of the evaluation of various types of substrates (A-screen, B-blotting; C-germitest, D-vermiculite; E-sand), in the School of Agronomy Seed Laboratory, Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences Goiatuba, municipality of Goiatuba, GO, Brazil. The seedling emergence test was installed in a greenhouse, adopting a randomized block design (RBD), with four treatments, corresponding to different locations of collections of fruits (1, 2, 3 and 4), with five repetitions totaling 20 plots. The test evaluation of vegetative propagation, adopted the factorial experimental design with three types of cuttings: basal, middle and apical, and six different times of soaking of the stakes in the Indole-butiric acid: 0.5 second, 15, 30, 45 and 60 seconds), with three replications and 10 cuttings per repetition. The evaluations were performed at 60 days after installation of the experiment. It was collected 300 g of fruit randomly at each location, as identified by the physical characteristics of the soil, considering the relationship clay/sands these locations. The fruit samples were sent to the Center for Food Research (CPA) for chemical analysis. All data were subjected to statistical tests as the characteristics of the collected data. Regarding the phenophases, E. calycina features flowering August to January, with the highest peak bloom, 75% and 100% in September and October respectively the fruits have widths ranging from 6 to 9 mm in different collection sites, and lengths of 14 to 30 mm; while the width of the seeds ranged from 5 to 7 mm and a length of 10 to 14 mm. Collected seeds in E. plant calycina established in soils with different proportions of clay and sand, do not differ in their potential to spread. The different immersion times and the IBA solution at a concentration of 6,000 mg L-¹ did not induce the rooting of cuttings of Surinam E. calycina. The fruits have nutritional importance by the presence of significant levels of minerals that contribute to human health, such as potassium, iron, manganese, magnesium and high percentage of Brix. Regarding the results of this study, it is recommended to carry out further research in relation to the species E. calycina urgently because its natural population has declined apace.
Aplicabilidade do sistema de avaliação da aptidão agrícola das terras frente à realidade do processo produtivo agropecuário goiano
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-02-27) BORGES, Lino Carlos; OLIVEIRA, Luiz Fernando Coutinho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5499109407814908
There are several works which aim to equate the agricultural production in function of the best use of natural resources as soil and water, in the attempt of obtaining the maximum of effectiveness in the productive system, and upon this context the evaluation of the potential of using the lands has major importance for a correct planning of agricultural activities. The elaboration of maps of agricultural aptitude is of extreme importance for the sustainable use of soil and water, it should be the first and more important instrument of agricultural planning. Because of this, the elaboration of those maps should be accompanied of a discerning methodological process, focused mainly in the socioeconomic aspects aiming to adequate it to the various levels of soil handling present nowadays. This work has as objectives: 1) Research the applicability of the evaluation system of the lands agricultural aptitude regarding the actual conditions of the agricultural productive process for two areas of the State of Goiás, basin of drainage of Córrego das Pedras and of Ribeirão Jurubatuba (nascent of Ribeirão João Leite) and of the immediate surrounding of the National Park of Emas; 2) Look for latent factors responsible for the large variability of the lands aptitude in the studied areas, and detect the similar samples considering this clustering, using for this multivariate techniques of factor analysis of principal components and discriminative. The work considers quantifying and comparing the elements of production among the various classes of agricultural aptitude, establishing qualitative differences among those aptitude classes and the handling levels, comparing the theoretical model proposed in the studies against the several realities of the researched areas. The data related to the soil types, agricultural aptitude and handling levels recommended were gathered from maps elaborated for the two areas being studied. Data regarding productivity, production costs, land value, gross revenue and local adopted technology were obtained from personal visits and direct interviews with a sample of 52 farm properties for the agricultural year of 2006/2007. Based on the information found in the 52 analyzed samples, the use of factor analysis was shown to be promising, for this study area, being an innovative aspect in the interpretation of data related to the agricultural aptitude. Two techniques of statistical multivariate analysis were used: factor analysis aiming to reduce the columns of the original matrix (variables in study) through the identification of latent factors, synthesizing the common information over all variables; and the discriminant analysis with the objective of classifying the observations, with known data. These analyses indicated that productivity and production cost are related and that a possible explanation for it may be due to the levels of handling and technology, as with the gross income it may be explained by other elements as the business opportunity, market value for the products, and not necessarily with the level of technology. It was verified also a need for establishing greater and more meaningful details regarding the handling levels for the cases of pasture and forestry. Because of the peculiarities and diversity of production systems found in the basin of Ribeirão João Leite, the system of agricultural aptitude of the lands proposed by Ramalho Filho & Beek (1995) was considered insufficient, for suggesting only three handling levels, while the dispersion of the data regarding production, productivity, production cost and gross revenue, demonstrates the need of better discrimination or hierarchization of the handling levels. For the area of the immediate surrounding of the National Park of Emas the system of agricultural aptitude was shown to be more appropriate on the handling levels recommended. The system proposed by Ramalho Filho & Beek (1995), in a certain way, plasters or limits the expectations one could have relative to the potential of certain cultures, soils and used labor force, regarding the productivity and profitability of some agricultural and forestry activities. It was verified also that the handling levels are extremely important, and they should be in greater number and more detailed than the existing 3 handling levels (A,B and C) proposed by Ramalho Filho & Beek (1995).
Atributos químicos, acúmulo de carbono e nitrogênio e nutrição da cana-de-açúcar orgânica em Latossolo de Cerrado
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-07-03) Borges, Lurdineide de Araújo Barbosa; Alves, Bruno José Rodrigues; Fernandes, Paulo Marçal; Madari, Beata Emoke; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0302689027695014; Madari, Beáta Emoke; Silva, Mellissa Ananias Soler da; Ramos, Maria Lucrécia Gerosa; Leandro, Wilson Mozena; Figueiredo, Cícero Célio de
There were studied attributes related to sugarcane production in the organic cultivation system aiming to evaluate the efficiency of this system. There were evaluated the soil fertility, the nutrition and productivity of sugarcane and the impacts of the production system on the stocks of carbon and nitrogen on soil. There were analyzed the following attributes of soil fertility: organic matter (OM), soil chemical reaction (pH), potential acidity (H+Al), aluminum (Al3+), sulfur (S), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (V), aluminum saturation (m), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). In order to establish the crop nutritional status and its productivity: total number and total production of stalks, carbon (C), nitrogen (N) e and C/N ratio of the plants, straw production, production of dry matter and the extraction of P, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn. The impact of sugarcane cultivation on the soil was evaluated through the soil density (Sd), content and stocks of carbon and nitrogen on soil. Regarding the fertility and nutritional status of sugarcane it was studied the following chronosequence of cultivated areas in the organic system: Org.0 – area cultivated under conventional system, representing the beginning of the organic system cultivation; Org.2 – area cultivated for 2 years in the organic system; Org.6 – area cultivated for 6 years in the organic system; Org.10 – area cultivated for 10 years in the organic system. There were evaluated also two different situations that may occur in any production system: one area where it occurred an accidental burn, Org.2Q – area cultivated for two years in the organic system with an accidental burn and other area where the sugarcane plantation was grown for twelve years and since then it was not reformed and replanted, being cultivated for ten years in the organic system - Org.10SR. In the study of impact of sugarcane cultivation on soil it was excluded the area Org.6 because the clay content in this area was inferior to the others. One area of native cerrado (CN) was used as reference for the calculated stocks of carbon and nitrogen. The soil (Oxisol), and plant samples, were collected in plantations belonging to Usina Jalles Machado, Goianésia – GO. The design was entirely randomized with five repetitions. The soil was collected in the following depths: 0-5, 5-10, 10-20-, 20-30, 30-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm, December 2010. The vegetal tissue was collected in February 2011. The organic cultivation was found more efficient than the conventional one of sugarcane. There was a rise up on the levels of fertility of the soil and of productivity. The extraction of nutrients of the soil was higher in the organic areas, which require special management of fertilizing to avoid weakening of the soil. Regarding the tillering and productivity, it was verified that in the beginning of the conversion to the organic system, after two years, there was reduction of tillering, however with no compromising of the final productivity of the plantation. The plants cultivated in the organic system absorbed more nutrients than in the conventional system. The soil density reduced highly in the superficial layers. In the organic system the carbon stocks raised considerably in relation to the conventional cultivation.
Caracterização agronômica e molecular da coleção nuclear de arroz da Embrapa
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-31) BUENO, Luíce Gomes; OLIVEIRA, Jaison Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7342298421214478; BRONDANI, Claudio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4775600104554147
The plant genetic resources stored ex situ are considered as a genetic repository, and are raw material for the development of the world agriculture. In rice, despite its high genetic variability, the lack of information of accessions to compose a databank prevents its use to help the choice of genitors for the breeding programs. The Embrapa Rice Core Collection (ERiCC) was developed from 10,000 accessions from Embrapa GeneBank, and it was set up by 550 accessions, divided in three subsets: 1) 94 lines and cultivars from Brazil (LCB); 2) 148 lines and cultivars from abroad (LCI); and 3) 308 traditional varieties (VT), obtained from germplasm collection expeditions in Brazil. This work aimed: 1) to evaluate the extension of genetic variability of 550 accessions from ERiCC by means of agronomic traits characterization using mixed models and multivariate statistics; 2) to perform a comparative analysis of the genetic divergence considering the agronomical and SSR markers characterizations; and 3) to identify the genotypes with higher genetic diversity and with the best agronomic performances, aiming to promote the most efficient use of such germplasm in breeding programs. The agronomic characterization of 550 accessions was performed in nine field experiments, evaluating 18 phenological-agronomic traits. The data were analyzed using the mixed linear and AMMI models. There was wide variation range of genotypical values for most evaluated traits. In different environments, it was observed VT accessions among the high-yielding materials, demonstrating the potential of this group of germplasm, particularly important due to its high genetic variability, to contribute to the development of cultivars regionally adapted. The AMMI approach allowed a good discrimination of ERiCC rice genotypes in relation to the adaptive performance, identifying the accessions CA880078, CA990001, CA870071 (subset VT), and CNA0009113 (LCI) as having good yield and broad adaptation to distinct environments. The comparative analysis of genetic diversity between agronomic and molecular data was performed using the 242 lines and cultivars accessions from ERiCC, which were characterized by 86 fluorescent SSR markers, and five agronomic traits with genotypic values predicted (values without from the effects of interaction genotypes x environment, from a joint analysis of nine experiments. The genetic divergence among accessions was estimated by the average Euclidian distance for phenotypical data, and by the Rogers modified by Wright (RW) genetic distance. The datasets were jointly analyzed by descriptive and multivariate statistics, using correlation analyses from hierarchical grouping of Ward and UPGMA methods. The phenotypical and molecular data showed a broad distribution of dissimilarity indexes, despite they showed different patterns of variation between them. Low molecular distances were associated to low phenotypical distances, however to high molecular distances, occurred a high broad range of phenotypical variation. The correlation between genetical and phenotypical dissimilarities was significant for both lowland and upland accessions, despite with different values (r=0.156 and r=0.409, respectively). Due to the low relation between phenotypical and molecular data, the analysis of genotypes to be used in breeding programs must include both evaluations to a better accession characterization. Considering the high yielding accessions, the higher molecular distances were identified among the accessions from lowland system of cultivation, among which BR IRGA 413 and CNA0005014, BR IRGA 413 and CNA0005853, and CNA0004552 and CNA0005014. Considering the upland accessions, maximum genetic distances were identified in CNA0000482 and CNA0006422, CNA0001006 and CNA0006422, and CNA0001006 and CNA0003490. The molecular analysis was able to identify accessions with reduced genetic relationship, that if used as genitors, will result in a progeny with a high probability to find new allelic combinations. On the other hand, the phenotypical characterization is important to identify accessions not just genetically divergent, but with superior agronomic trait performances for breeding programs. The results of this work will permit to increase the activities related to the characterization of accessions from rice Genebank, giving support of breeding programs to choose the best accessions to obtain new cultivars, with favorable traits, and broad genetic basis. In addition, a continuous program of phenotypical and molecular characterization of germplasm will be able to identify accessions to increase the genetic variability of ERiCC.
Mercado de produtos orgânicos em Goiânia: venda direta
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-07-15) Buzin, E.J.W.K.; Venturoli, Fabio; fabioventuroli@gmail.com; Venturoli, Fabio; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do? id=K4761171J7; Calil, Francine Neves; Chagas, Matheus Peres; Fernandes, Paulo Marçal; Ferreira, Gislene Auxiliadora
To characterize the market of organic products in Goiânia-GO used methodologies through the provision to pay. This technique was used in this study in order to identify the willingness to pay for organic food. They were surveyed two distinct groups in the city of Goiania-GO: Consumers conventional fairs and consumer fairs organic food. It was also carried out to identify the profile of these consumers and the group of organic producers who market in organic fairs of Goiania. For consumers of conventional fairs, we found the average age of the sample population of 29.7 years. 50% of respondents have incomplete and complete higher education. As to gender, 62.1% are female. The average monthly income is between 1,201 and 3,600 reais. These consumers, 85.6% said they would like their family to consume only organic products. For consumers of organic food was found that 59.4% of people have completed higher education and graduate and 65.6% with income above R $ 4,801.00. It used the chi square test proved that for the provision of track to pay up to 20% more and the provision of track to pay over 30% more there is no difference between the behavior of consumers of organic food and food conventional. The two consumer groups said they do not find organic products with ease. The producer group, 58.33% have completed higher education and graduate. 41.67%, which does not have specific technical assistance for organic farming. With the application of chi-squared test was obtained (χ2 = 5.89; p <0.02) stating that there is demand for organic products by the food consumers of conventional trade. The results show that the production chain of organic foods is incomplete, due to that there is a group of consumers that is not served in difficult function to find this kind of food in retail outlets.
Correção do solo e sistemas de rotação de culturas sobre a absorção de nutrientes e produção de soja
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-02-25) CAETANO, Jeander Oliveira; CARNEIRO, Marco Aurélio Carbone; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4868736525994145; PEREIRA, Hamilton Seron; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4532276726985491
Crop rotation and the increase in straw on the soil are among the main requirements for the implementation and maintenance of no-tillage in the Cerrado. The use of integrated crop and livestock production, coupled with the introduction of Brachiaria in agricultural areas has helped to maintain this coverage and increased amounts of plant species as alternatives to rotation. Thus, there is a need to evaluate these cover crops and forms of fertility management which are widely used by farmers in Brazil. The aim was to evaluate the effect of two forms of soil correction, four types of soil cover and four levels of KCl on production and nutrient content of aerial part dry biomass of soil cover types, the yield and content soybean leaf nutrient and chemical attributes of an Oxisol. The experimental was arranged in a randomized block design, with four replications, the field was laid out in 2x4x4 and arranged in strip-split plot design. Was evaluated the forms of soil correction initial total and annual installment (main plot), the types of soil cover Brachiaria brizantha, B. ruziziensis, sorghum crop residues and spontaneous vegetation (subplots) and the levels of KCl correspondents to 0 kg ha-1, 20 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1 e 60 kg ha-1 of K2O (subsubplots). On the soil, for the depths 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm analyzed the pH CaCl2, organic matter, exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and Al, H+Al and the contents of available P, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. In the leaves were determined N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. Was collected dry biomass of soil cover and estimated soybean yield. The forms of soil correction initial total and annual installment not influence soybean yield. B. brizantha produces highest biomass, which occurs in the highest soybean yield. Potassium is the nutrient of greatest accumulation in leaf of B. brizantha and B. ruziziensis. The increasing levels of KCl do not affect the soybean yield. The soybean yield is more affected by the kind of cover crops than by the form of correction and levels of potassium.

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