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Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Projeto e Cidade por Por Orientador "Kallas, Luana Miranda Esper"
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Item Operação urbana consorciada: um instrumento de indução do desenvolvimento urbano ou financeirização da cidade?(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-14) Cardoso, Cayrene Maria Souza; Kallas, Luana Miranda Esper; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5020008366113739; Kallas, Luana Miranda Esper; Kneib, Érika Cristine; Lira, Flaviana BarretoThe present work deals with the Consortium Urban Operation (OUC), an instrument instituted by the City Statute (Lei nº 10.257/2001), whose purpose is to enable structural and urban transformations in certain urban sections, through the association of various actors. Currently, most Brazilian municipalities apply the instrument's regulation. However, despite the wide acceptance, several challenges are presented when reconciling the interest of the agents involved and the strategies of the real estate market in an urban intervention project. The main objective of this research is to analyze whether the OUC works as an instrument inducing urban development and/or as an inducer of the financialization of the city, contributing to the production of gentrifiable urban spaces. For this, the methodology relied on a bibliographic and documentary survey, with conceptual and historical identification of the institutionalization of the instrument in Brazil. The research also includes a conceptual survey and definitions of the themes “financialization”, “urban development” and “gentrification”. Furthermore, in order to understand the connection of these phenomena with the instrument, it was necessary to analyze two case studies, namely: Urban Operation Consortium Faria Lima in São Paulo and the proposal for Urban Operation Consortium of Jardim Botânico in Goiânia. As main results, it is pointed out that, although it is formalized nationally, the local definition given by the municipality, based on specific proposals, favors the heterogeneity of the instrument. With regard to the debate on financialization and gentrification, it is observed in the analyzed experiences, the use of the instrument more focused on the notion of land as a financial asset, and not for the recovery of public investments and reinvestment from the perspective of the social function of society. ownership and social inclusion.Item Protocolo de diagnóstico para o planejamento de alocação de equipamentos escolares: uma aplicação experimental em Caldas Novas – GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-06-07) Cruz, Leidiane Aparecida da; Kallas, Luana Miranda Esper; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5020008366113739; Kallas, Luana Miranda Esper; Peres, Renata Bovo; Kneib, Érika Cristine; Salas, Juan Carlos GuillenConsidering the importance of the location of pre-school Education Units for accessibility and quality of urban life, as well as the challenges faced by the city of Caldas Novas/GO due to rapid demographic growth and history of underinvestment in education, this research aimed to develop a diagnostic protocol to assist the work of municipal technical employees in the allocation of new preschool UEs, considering the specific urban and demographic context of Caldas Novas/GO. To this end, a practical and quantitative methodology was applied, characterized by bibliographic and experimental analysis, resulting in the creation of a protocol based on Geographic Information Systems - GIS. The research was divided into three main phases. In the first, the essential concepts about school equipment and its relationships with the city were established, focusing on accessibility and quality of urban life. The second phase focused on developing a protocol through a comprehensive analysis of 47 academic documents, categorizing and systematizing the methodological procedures. The result was the creation of a diagnostic protocol for planning the allocation of school equipment in urban areas. The developed protocol consists of five main scripts. The Capacity roadmap aims to identify imbalances in the supply capacity. The Coverage roadmap analyzes the spatial distribution of the offer in the urban context, identifying areas that benefit or not. The Accessibility roadmap evaluates the shift between demand and supply. The Occupation of urban space and Social vulnerability routes seek to assess the spatial distribution of demand and identify socioeconomically unfavorable areas, respectively. The research validated the protocol experimentally in Caldas Novas, identifying priority areas for the allocation of new preschool Education Units. It was proposed to locate 13 new standard Type 2 Proinfância units, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the protocol in guiding municipal management for decision-making. It concludes on the continued importance of developing and disseminating methodologies for allocating teaching units to promote accessibility and quality of urban life.Item A dinâmica de ocupação provocada pela expansão urbana ao longo das rodovias GO-020 e BR-153 em Goiânia/GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-08-24) Di Simoni, Thais Valle; Kallas, Luana Miranda Esper; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5020008366113739; Kallas, Luana Miranda Esper; Firkowski, Olga Lúcia Castreghini de Freitas; Schvarsberg, Benny; Cunha, Débora Ferreira daUrban sprawl is a globally prevalent phenomenon in metropolises that has brought about significant transformations in urban territories. Understanding the dynamics and establishing analysis patterns of these processes is crucial for proposing more equitable and sustainable growth guidelines in cities. In Goiânia, it is observed that urban sprawl has led to the occupation of peripheral areas with distinct characteristics in each part of the municipality. Thus, this study proposes an examination of the growth of the city of Goiânia by analyzing the expansion along the BR-153 and GO-020 highways in the Eastern Region, characterized by the massive presence of higher social classes through the construction of gated horizontal condominiums. The objective is to identify urban phenomena and their actors in the spatial production of this region, spatially characterized by conurbation and marginal occupation of highways, extending the dominance of gated communities beyond the municipal limits of Goiânia, reaching Senador Canedo. To achieve this purpose, the study employs documentary analysis, literature review, spatial analysis, statistical data analysis, and field research to identify the expansion pattern and the agents responsible for this production. Thus, it is observed that the metropolization consolidating in this region results from processes such as sprawled and segregated expansion, reinforced by the strong presence of gated communities for middle and high-income residents. This brings about tangible changes in the metropolis' landscape, imprinting distinctive characteristics on the socio-spatial dynamics in this region. Consequently, disparate spaces are produced in the surroundings, leading to the strengthening of conurbation, one of the first expressions of metropolization, which ultimately generates various urban problems.Item Densidade qualificada, caminho para um novo urbanismo. Estudo de caso: Bairro Jardim Goiás Goiânia-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-11-12) Moreira, Lívia Maria Pereira da Silva; Kallas, Luana Miranda Esper; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5020008366113739; Kneib, Érika Cristine; Silva, Eliel Américo Santana da; Kallas, Luana Miranda EsperHigh urban density is a topic currently debated by researchers without a consensus on an ideal value. On the one hand, they present their benefits and on the other, their problems, which makes this theme relevant. The theoretical aspects of Contemporary Urbanism, New Urbanism, Sustainable Urbanism and Ecological Urbanism, present guidelines for a high qualified density. Following the theoretical basis, the urban form is presented with one of the main influences on the quality of the urban space, which justifies the thematic bias chosen in this research. Several Brazilian cities, among them Goiânia / GO, have high density neighborhoods, the Jardim Goiás neighborhood stands out in this research. The problem is that this density may or may not be qualified, in this context the following research problems are based: Which influences of the form and the current urban density of Bairro Jardim Goiás on the quality of the space? In search of this answer, other questions are involved in the process: How to define the density levels? What tools are capable of evaluating the performance of the shape and its influences in shaping the density of the neighborhood in question? What exactly to evaluate? In this sense, the general objective of the research is: To identify and analyze the influences of the form and urban density on the quality of space in Bairro Jardim Goiás. The methodology considered the survey of data on land use in Bairro Jardim Goiás in the 2018 interstice and 2019 and used Indicators related to the theme as space analysis tools. In the case study, 13 Indicators were applied, selected from 159 surveyed. The problem was answered and the general and specific objectives were achieved, the results of which point to a saturation of urban density in some points, deficient mixed use and green areas, sufficient afforestation and soil permeability in Bairro Jardim Goiás. In this sense, it is suggested that the referred neighborhood is no longer dense without the re-planning of land use and the inclusion of mobility alternatives that allow greater interactivity, attractiveness and promoting purposeful walking.