Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia

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Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia por Por Orientador "Battisti, Rafael"

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    Produtividade de soja in sílico no bioma Cerrado em função do fenômeno El Niño Oscilação Sul
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-02-28) Nicolau Neto, Publius Lentulus Artiaga; Casaroli, Derblai; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1054839770814863; Battisti, Rafael; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9350992609794419; Battisti, Rafael; Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan; Barbosa, Alexandrius de Moraes
    Soybean complex has stood out in the growth of the Brazilian economy. One factor that has contributed to this success in production is agroclimate risk zoning, which recommend sowing dates and areas for Brazil with lower climate risk. In this context, during the growing season, crop is subject to water stresses and higher oscillations of air temperature, which result in a decrease in yield and grain quality. Climatic events such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cause serious social and economic impacts, and are characterized with events of floods, storms, frosts and prolonged droughts. Crop and environment has a multiple interactions and crop modeling comes as a science based on a simple representation of a system capable of represent these interactions. This way, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the ENOS on simulated soybean yield in different Brazilian regions, sowing dates, maturation groups and soil type. For this, the CSM-CROPGRO-Soybean model was used to simulate yield for 14 locations in Brazil. Climatic data from 1961 to 2016 was obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology and complemented from NASAPOWER until 2020, totaling 60 growing seasons of simulation. The simulation were performed using three soil types and three maturation groups, obtained from works that carried out the calibration of the model. Sowing dates were based on agroclimatic risk zoning, considering the maximum sowing window, divided into each ten days. The yield was correlated with the qualitative classification of ENOS (El Niño, La Niña and neutral phase). El Niño and La Niña phase occurred in 35% of growing season each, totaling 42 events in 60 years. In Cerrado biome, the majority of municipalities indicating a better performance with a late cycle, considering the greater sowing window. The greatest yield gains were obtained in growing seasons with neutral and La Niña phase, resulting in higher yield when compared to El Niño phase. This way, the sowing dates and crop cycle can help to reduce climate risk, independent of ENOS phase, but with soybean showing higher potential yield in growing seasons under neutral and La Niña.
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    Estimativa do yield gap para a cultura da soja em nível de fazenda no Estado de Goiás
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-02-22) Santos, Thaynara Garcia; Battisti, Rafael; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9350992609794419; Battisti, Rafael; Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan; Pialu, Felipe Gustavo
    Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) is the main crop in Brazilian agribusiness, playing a very important role in the country's economy. The grains area widely uses and their derivatives as a source of protein and energy. Soybeans is used to supply the world requirement for food. This bring attention to the necessary conditions for cultivating the crop is one of the essential steps to obtain high yield, mainly climatic conditions in the areas where the crop will be grown. The association of unfavorable climate and inefficient agricultural management may be responsible due to the low production of soybeans and thus not meeting world demand. The agriculture is modernizing and paying attention to market demands through technologies and research to supply the require food demand for future generation. Based on questions, it is possible to estimate the yield gap of agricultural crops that allow us to differentiate the types and levels of existing production and to quantify as breaks caused by water deficit and agricultural management through data obtained from productivity simulation models. The aim of this work was to estimate the yield gap of soybean at farm level in the central region of the State of Goiás, Brazil, under Cerrado conditions, evaluating the interaction between climate, and management associated with leaf nutritional level and soil penetration resistance. The study was carried out in 13 soybean commercial cultivation areas under no-tillage system, of five farmers, at the municipalities of Avelinópolis, Heitoraí, Trindade and São Luiz do Norte, in the 2019/2020 growing season. At the farm level, it was found that the areas of the highest agricultural efficiencies (AE) were obtained the lowest climatic efficiencies (CE). This lead to climatic conditions caused the greatest yield gap when compared to yield gap by management. There was a positive correlation between AE and the levels of N, K, Cu and B collected in the leaf analysis and resistance to soil penetration, proving that these were limiting factor for a better crop development.
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    Análise da tendência de chuva entre 1949 e 2019 em Goiânia, GO
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-02-24) Silva, Ayramanna Carlos Souza da; Battisti, Rafael; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9350992609794419; Battisti, Rafael; Casaroli, Derblai; Pilau, Felipe Gustavo
    Weather variability influences the behavior of the population and many sectors of the economy. Anthropic actions directly affect global warming and, consequently, intensify the hydrological cycle, triggering a sequence of adverse effects such as increasing air temperature and changing precipitation in different regions. The analysis of the trend of historical precipitation allows determining the occurrence of local climate changes, enabling the evaluation of their consequences on hydrographic basins and, consequently, on society being a tool to solve problems of interest to engineering, such as surface runoff control and urban drainage, in addition to agricultural problems, such as crop management and mitigation systems. Climatic variability can also be caused by macroscale phenomena, such as ENSO. So, the objective of this work was to carry out the quantitative analysis and the trend of the historical series of rain from 1949 to 2019 in Goiânia, GO, on an annual, monthly and quarterly scale, through descriptive statistics and the Mann-Kendall test counting the occurrence of dry, rainy days and precipitated volumes and observing the occurrence, intensity and its relationship with ENSO. The pluviometric data were obtained on the Hidroweb database and a preliminary analysis was performed, filling in the missing data. The series was organized on the study and consistency scales, in which trends, averages and statistical tests were analyzed. The Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) of the period was obtained and the years were classified according to the occurrence, intensity and duration of the ENSO and the ONI response delay ratio in the rain intensity was determined. There was a large annual variation in the distribution of rainfall in the region, with a maximum of 2,049 mm (1982) and a minimum of 1,037 mm (1949), with a climatological average of 1,558 mm. Mann-Kendall indicated a tendency of increased rainfall of 2.31 mm year-1. In the monthly analysis, March and April showed a tendency of increasing rainfall of 2.48 and 1.87 mm month-1, respectively, from 1949 to 2019. In the quarterly analysis, the January-February-March (JFM) and April-May-June (AMJ) quarters showed a trend of increasing rainfall of 1.93 and 1.87 mm month-1, respectively. The city of Goiânia (GO) presented an average of 228 days without the occurrence of rains per year, which corresponded to 62% of the year, as for the daily volume of rain there were 200 occasions of precipitation above 60 mm day-1. When comparing the volume of rain with the ONI of the seasons of the same period and previous periods, a weak correlation was observed. Thus, there is a tendency of increasing rainfall in the annual accumulated. However, no correlation was found between the volume of rain and the occurrence of ENSO phenomena.
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    Avaliação do uso de dados meteorológicos de satélite (NasaPower) para manejo de irrigação no Brasil
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-02-22) Silva, Otávio Coscrato Cardoso da; Battisti, Rafael; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9350992609794419; Battisti, Rafael; Alves Júnior, José; Mesquita, Marcio
    The use of information derived from satellites has been gaining space in areas where previously there was no use. This is incrising due to the technological advances in sensors and components that are installed in equipment launched in orbit. In agriculture, it was no different, this segment of the productive chain so important for the Brazilian and world economy has been taking advantage of these to improve its techniques and practices of crop management in several ways, where one is crop irrigation management. One of the ways of carrying out irrigation management is through the water balance, whose main input component is the use of meteorological data to calculate reference evapotranspiration (ETo). The weather data are obtained through institutions in the most cases, which have conventional weather stations (EMC) or automatic stations (EMA) installed in rural properties. The problem is that these methods, despite being reliable, are economically costly and depends on trained personnel to collect this information in the case of EMC and can still not be close to the agricultural application area. As an alternative to this mode, the NASAPOWER platform has been gaining prominence in some studies due to the availability of daily meteorological data derived from satellite for any region of the globe. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the behavior of meteorological data provided by NASAPOWER in relation to the data provided by INMET, collected through EMC, in the application of irrigation management in different cultures and regions in Brazil, using the Penman-Moteith equation - FAO to obtain ETo. The study considered simulations of the main crops of economic value used in different regions of the country, having input information of cultivation coefficient throughout the cycle, determination of the local available water to the crop, cultivation period, and two bases of meteorological data with a period of 31 years. The results of irrigation requirement based on the NASAPOWER platform proved to be adjusted in most simulations with used EMC, and its use in cotton culture in the Luís Eduardo Magalhães region, soybean in Cruz Alta, corn in Balsas and orange in Araraquara are recommended. Its use was not recommended for sugar cane in Uberaba and beans in Primavera do Leste. While for sweet corn in Unaí, rice in Uruguaiana, sugar cane in Rio Verde and coffee in Araguari, there is a recommendation with reservations. In general, the evaluation of irrigation for all evaluated crops obtained a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.95, determination coefficient (R2) of 0.95, square root of the average error (RMSE) of 115 mm, mean absolute error (MAE) of 85 mm and a Willmott coefficient (d) of 0.96.