Programa de Pós-graduação em Química
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Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Química por Por Área do CNPQ "CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ANALITICA"
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Item Produção e Caracterização de Biocombustíveis por Craqueamento de Óleo Vegetais via Catálise com Bauxita(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-08-06) PRADO, Cinara Machado Rodrigues do; ANTONIOSI FILHO, Nelson Roberto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5982964870999454In this work, raw bauxite, thermally activated calcined bauxite, calcined bauxite underwent acid treatment were the catalysts tested by its potential in the thermal catalytic cracking reaction looking forward to the production of biofuels from commercial soybean oil as an alternative to fossil fuels. The materials were characterized by the techniques ICP-OES, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and textural analysis. The chromatographic analysis of the biofuels obtained by cracking of commercial soybean oil showed hydrocarbon compounds such as alkanes, alkenes and aromatics, as well as some oxygenated compounds such as carboxylic acids, ketones and alcohols. The products generated by the thermal catalytic cracking process with thermally activated calcined bauxite showed better results than the thermal cracking products because of the low quantity of acids present, which provided biofuels with a lower acidity index, and absence of acrolein. Therefore, the catalyst which was used demonstrated activity in the secondary cracking process, in which fatty acids decompose and give rise to hydrocarbons. The cracking tests with raw bauxite generated a lower biofuels yield and significant amount of solid product and residual oil making unfeasible the process. In order to evaluated the potential of used industrial waste sources for production of alternative fuels, the cracking of the waste vegetable oil studied together with the optimum of the reaction conditions obtained satisfactory result in the gaseous and liquid yield and percentage of crude biofuels generated. The biofuel presented similar composition observed in the biofuels obtained in thermal catalytic cracking of xv commercial soybean oil. This proved that the thermal catalytic cracking process is an alternative solution for the reutilization of waste vegetable oil and fats, both, when discarded inadequately can become environment pollutantsItem Determinação espectrofotométrica do teor de biodiesel metílico em misturas com óleo diesel(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-11-25) SILVA, Marcos Alexandro Abreu e; ANTONIOSI FILHO, Nelson Roberto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5982964870999454In this work it was developed a quantitative analytical methodology to determine the content of methyl biodiesel in diesel fuel through the fatty acid methyl ester reaction with the hydroxylamine hydrochloride in alkaline solutions, which they were acidified and converted to hydroxamic acids, followed by treatment with ferric ion to give the colored ferric hydroxamate complex, and afterwards extract in n-heptane and were analysed by UV-visible spectroscopy. It was made the optimization of the variables that interfere in the reaction, and parameters such as accuracy, precision and the limit of detection (LOD) among other parameters to assess the quality of the method developed it was also evaluated. The results indicated that the method has shown an excellent linearity in small intervals of biodiesel blend levels, an excellent determination coefficient of the calibration curve (R2 > 0.99) at a wide range of wavelength (420-440 nm). As well as it has also shown to be applied in a wide range of methyl biodiesel blend levels in diesel fuel (B1 to B20), and it is suitable to be used in the quality control procedures for the production of BX blends.