FCS - Faculdade de Ciências Sociais

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    Desenvolvimento econômico e bens de capital: o retrato do setor de bens de capital no Brasil entre 2003 e 2018
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-07-03) Silva, Fernanda Alves Rodrigues da; Martins, Aline Regina Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3346616463532660; Martins, Aline Regina Alves; Silva, Joyce Helena Ferreira da; Leite, Alexandre César Cunha
    There has been a long debate in academia about economic development and which variables influence the process of overcoming underdevelopment. In Brazil, since the 1930s, governments have had a history of interrupted implementation of industrial policies that were always intended to strengthen the national economy and reduce growth's dependence on imports of machinery and equipment. Although in the 1980s the government managed to increase the share of added value from manufactured goods in the Gross Domestic Product, this feat came at the cost of high state debt and hyperinflation. After the process of economic liberalization in the 1990s, the implementation of the Industrial, Technological and Foreign Trade Policy (2004-2007) proved to be a return of industrial policies to the government's agenda. Since then, the government has implemented the Productive Development Policy (2008-2010), the Greater Brazil Plan (2011-2014) and the More Productive Brazil Plan (2014-2018) with the aim of strengthening the national industry and, consequently, the Capital Goods sector. In addition to analyzing the industrial policies implemented between 2003 and 2018 by the Federal Government, this research also used data on the import and export of capital goods to construct the Trade Specialization Index (TSI) and the Trade Intensity Index (TII) in order to build a portrait of the Brazilian Capital Goods sector during the research period. The IEC can be used as a proxy for the competitiveness of the Capital Goods sector in trade with other countries. The ICC measures the weight of the Capital Goods segment in bilateral trade, in this specific study, with Argentina, China and the United States. The results showed that Brazil did not present commercial specialization for the sector and the Trade Intensity Index only presented significant results in bilateral trade with Argentina, a country that makes up MERCOSUR together with Brazil and has differentiated customs treatment