EA - Escola de Agronomia
URI Permanente desta comunidade
Navegar
Navegando EA - Escola de Agronomia por Por Área do CNPQ "CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS::CIENCIA DE ALIMENTOS"
Agora exibindo 1 - 11 de 11
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
Item Avaliação das condições de produção e qualidade de mel de abelhas (Apis Mellifera L.) produzido na microrregião de Pires do Rio, no Estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-27) ANANIAS, Karla Rubia; MOURA, Celso José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6006558807438442This study aimed at evaluating conditions of production and extraction of honey produced by Apis mellifera L. in Pires do Rio micro region in the state of Goias. For the evaluation of the apicultural Practice and Good Manufacturing Practices, we used a checklist compiled from the health standards in Brazil, where 29 extraction units were visited. The results showed that conformity index ranged 03-70% and that the extraction conditions interfered directly in product quality. They were analyzed for moisture, acidity, hydroxymethylfurfural, reducing sugars, apparent sucrose, ashes, insoluble solids and microbiological analysis of fungi and yeast. Of the 35 samples analyzed was observed that 22 (62.85%) have inadequate quality according to the criteria recommended by Instruction Nº. 11 MAPA, while the nonconformities related to moisture (1 to 35, 2.85%), Acidity Total (9 to 35, 25.7%), Hidroximetilfurfural (4 of 35, 11.4%), insoluble solids (12 to 35, 34.28%), Ash (2 of 35, 5.7%). The amount of yeast and mold counts were also evaluated and from <1.0 x 10 ¹ ² to 5.0 x 10 CFU / g were found. The study results indicated that only 37.14% of the samples are in accordance with the guidelines established by the legislation. It follows therefore that the majority of establishments surveyed have unsatisfactory hygiene conditions and thus do not meet the current legislation with regard to the Good Manufacturing Practices for the production of safe foodItem Aproveitamento de subproduto do beneficiamento de arroz: desenvolvimento de farinha modificada como alternativa para a indústria de panificação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-08-31) BAIOCCHI, Marise Leão Marques; DAMIANI, Clarissa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8152502284007938; SANTIAGO, Raquel de Andrade Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0424807117498265; CALIARI, Márcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3558164788327179Brazil is one of the largest rice producers in the world. The aim of this study was evaluate the best conditions of fermentation and development of modified rice flour with oven expansion property, as well as to describe its physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics. In the first part of this study, 12 samples, of broken rice granules, were fermented with different concentrations of sour cassava starch inoculum in different periods of time. The analysis evaluated the pH, acidity, expansion and paste properties. The results showed that pH was influenced by the period of fermentation, but not by the concentration of inoculum in all samples at the same period of time. The acidity was influenced by both variables. The expansion was not influenced by the period of fermentation related with concentration, in almost all samples. Only the sample with 2g 100g-1 of inoculum and 48 hours period of fermentation revealed a significant tendency model, R2 83,3%. There were also relevant differences in the paste properties profile in relation to the control flour (CF) (with no fermentation), in some samples. At the second part of the research, the MF with the best oven expansion capability was compared physically and chemically with the CF. There has been significant rise in acidity, pH and expansion in the MF in relation to CF. The humidity was kept in the limits established by the Brazilian legislation. The swelling power did not vary significantly among the samples, increase of 155% in WSI was observed on MF in relation to CF. The MF had significant loss of protein and ashes and alterations in the mineral profile. Fermentation caused a rise of amylose content. The electronic microscope scan revealed alterations in the structure and surface of the starch granules of MF. In microbiological terms, MF can be considered safe for human consume, with minimum shelf life of 90 days. According with the limits established by Brazilian legislation, it is safe for human consume. As a conclusion, MF can be a new alternative for the bakery industry products with expansion properties differentiated physical and chemical characteristics.Item Rendimento industrial e valor nutricional de grãos de milho QPM e de grãos de gérmem de milho comum(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-07-14) CASTRO, Maiza Vieira Leão de; OLIVEIRA, Jaison Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7342298421214478; NAVES, Maria Margareth Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6563181057140270Endosperm hardness is an essential attribute for producers and industries that using corn as a raw material. Kernel texture alterations, however, hamper the commercial use of Quality Protein Maize (QPM). In this experiment, industrial yield was compared in kernel degerming and endosperm splitting and the nutritional value of a QPM variety and common corn genotypes. One QPM variety and three commercial corn hybrids cultived in Goiás were studied. The QPM and the common corn hybrids were processed using the dry degerming method and the resulting yield was expressed as the ratio of the weight of the fractions obtained to the initial weight of the whole corn. The chemical composition and the amino acid profile of QPM, common corn and common corn germ were determined and an experiment with recently weaned Wistar rats was carried out. Four 7 %-protein and one nonprotein diet were prepared. Protein utilization was estimated using the DCF (Dietary Conversion Factor), NPR (Net Protein Ratio), True Digestibility, and the PDCAAS (Protein Digestibility- Corrected Amino Acid Score). In comparison with common corn, QPM presented lower endosperm yield, higher germ and fine fractions (< 0.5 mm) yield, and the same yield for hominy in endosperm splitting. QPM presented similar levels of proteins, lipids and ash, and higher levels of lysine, dietary fiber and iron in the germ in relation to common corn hybrids. NPR values for QPM diets and corn germ diets were similar, lower than the reference and above the NPR values of common corn. The DCF of the QPM diet was higher than that of the casein diet, but it was the same as that of common corn germ and lower than the value obtained for common corn. QPM and common corn germ presented a protein value (NPR) that was 72 % of the value for casein, while that of common corn was 60 % of the casein value. QPM and the germ fraction of common corn are good quality protein sources when compared to common corn protein, and they present a satisfactory yield for use in the food industry as raw materials which add nutritional value to the products generatedItem Influência do tempo de torra por microondas nas características sensoriais, físicas e químicas de farelos de arroz e sua aplicação em barras de cereais(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-26) GARCIA, Marina Costa; SANTIAGO, Raquel de Andrade Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0424807117498265; BENASSI, Marta de Toledo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7409756675845441; SOARES JÚNIOR, Manoel Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0920319108540253The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of microwave roasting time on the sensorial, physical, and chemical characteristics of rice brans and their application in cereal bars. The raw and roasted rice brans of the BRS Sertaneja, BRS Primavera and IRGA 417 cultivars differed in regard to the color parameter, with darkening, yellowing and reddening occurring with roasting. IRGA 417 s raw and roasted brans presented a lighter coloration in comparison with those of the BRS Primavera and BRS Sertaneja cultivars. The Free Profile made it possible to differentiate the samples by cultivar and roasting time. The longer the roasting time, the more intense were the brans roasted and burned aroma and flavor. The IRGA 417 cultivar was characterized by a less burnt aroma and flavor. IRGA and Primavera were more similar to each other and differed from the BRS Sertaneja cultivar for the same roasting times. The centesimal composition of rice bran changed during roasting, but rice bran may still be used as human food since it remains rich in proteins and lipids as well as increasing insoluble and total dietary fiber content. The roasting process lowered the level of reducer sugar and phytic acid in rice bran. As the quantity of roasted rice bran in the cereal bar formulations increased, there was a tendency toward lower rupture force (0.87 N), less water activity (0.54), intermediate density (0.76 g/cm3) and darkening of the bars (L* of 31. 20). The experimental formulation with the proportion of 0.34 roasted rice bran, 0.32 rice flakes and 0.34 corn flakes was closest to the bar with the greatest desirability. The experimental cereal bars with roasted rice bran may be classified as a functional product due to their high level of dietary fibers. The cereal bars formulated with roasted rice bran levels between 10.15% and 20% were accepted by consumers, varying on the scale between I liked it somewhat to I liked it a lot .Item Estabilidade e qualidade do farelo de arroz sob diferentes tratamentos e aplicação do produto extrusado em biscoito(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-11-06) LACERDA, Diracy Betânia Cavalcante Lemos; BASSINELLO, Priscila Zaczuk; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7932216023958412; SOARES JÚNIOR, Manoel Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0920319108540253Rice bran is a by product of the rice milling process. It corresponds to 8% of the total rice grain and is used as feed and fertilizer mainly. The major problem related to its use in human nutrition is the rancification process starting soon after its extraction. The objective of this work was to evaluate the stability of raw rice bran (RRB), extruded rice bran (ERB) and rice bran obtained after parboilization (RBP) when stored at room temperature for 180 days in polyethylene bags as well as to characterize them and the cookies formulated with ERB. Physicochemical, microbiological and stability tests (lipase activity, hydrolytic rancidity and peroxide index) were performed on rice bran from cultivar Primavera (donated by benefited industry) and on the prepared cookies with ERB using a completely randomized design, with a control and four treatments (12.5%, 25%, 37.5% and 50% of ERB). All tests were performed according to standard methodologies. PRB presented the highest contents of protein (17.7 g 100 g-1), lipid (36.03 g 100 g-1), dietary fibers (34.06 g 100 g-1), calcium (99.45 mg 100g-1), zinc (15.58 g 100 g-1), copper (1.45 g 100 g-1) and manganese (17.81 g 100 g-1) and the lowest contents of carbohydrates (5,73 g 100 g-1), ashes (7.01 g 100 g-1) and iron (6.83 mg 100 g-1). Lipase activity and hydrolytic rancidity were higher in NRB during the storage period but the peroxidase index was lower. Cookies were well accepted and did not show any significant diference regarding appearance, texture and flavor. Cookies with 50% of ERB had higher contents of protein (18.9%), dietary fiber (213.3%) and ashes (59.1%) than the control. Forty grams of that formulation supplies more than 10% of daily recommended intakes of magnesium, phosphorus and copper. Cookies also presented acceptable microbiological standards according to Brazilian legislation. Extrusion and parboilization are efficient methods to prevent free fatty acid formation in ERB and PRB, placed in plastic films permeable to oxygen and stored at room temperature, but they contributed to higher concentrations of peroxides in those rice bran. Cookies with 50% ERB had a better nutritional quality than those without rice branItem Avaliação cinética de comportamento de componentes do baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) para estudo da vida de prateleira da polpa do fruto(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-08-15) MENDONÇA, Aline Luiz de; CALIARI, Márcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3558164788327179; SANTIAGO, Raquel de Andrade Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0424807117498265The work aimed to achieve the kinetic study of the physical and chemical characteristics of the pulp baru, through physical and chemical analyses, with focus on tannins, for 6 months of storage. We used two treatments, washing fruits of barus with and without sanitation, both stored in plastic boxes with circulating air, clean and a place under the sun and at room temperature. The proximate composition of the pulp baru occurred in two stages: beginning and end of the study. There was fortnightly analyses in the first 45 days and then of forty-five to forty-five days, for 6 months. It was evaluated in the pulp content of tannins, total and reducing sugars, color and proof of rancidity, and the whole fruit weight and size; addition to microbiological analyses of pulp at each time of storage. There was also a sensory analysis of acceptance of dry biscuit, with and without the replacement of 25% for wheat flour by pulp baru, three times of storage. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANAVA) and Tukey's test (P<0.05). In compositions centesimals observed that the levels of moisture and fibre increased significantly (P<0.05) at the end of the study, while the level of lipids decreased significantly (P<0.05) and the content of protein has remained equal. The levels of reducing sugars and totals have increased over the period of storage. To this total sugar content increased from 22.70% to 47.02% and 23.18% to 48.18% for pulp washing with and without sanitation, respectively. We have increased significantly reducing sugars (P<0.05) over the storage more than 2.5 times for the two parameters evaluated. The content of tannins decreased until the third time, since there is more of that component to the 46 days of storage. It was found that the stage of hygiene caused a decrease in the level of tannins, giving the fruit pulp with hygiene always a lower value for this compound, conversely to what happened with the color of the raw material. The physical parameters of fruit showed no significant differences (P>0.05) to the end of the study. The survey showed that store barus in hygienic conditions increases the shelf life of the flesh of the fruit.Item Efeito das condições de extração sobre rendimento e características da pectina obtida de diferentes frações de goiaba CV Pedro Sato(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-03-07) MUNHOZ, Claudia Leite; ARGANDOÑA, Eliana Janet Sanjinez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6320661844629609; SOARES JÚNIOR, Manoel Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0920319108540253The objectives of this study were to characterize the raw material in nature, the flours of fractions of guava cv Pedro Sato and to optimize the factors that influence the yields of pectin extraction of flour of the guava pulp and pulp with peel. As characterize pectins obtained in optimal points on the degree of esterification, comparing them with the commercial pectin. Fruits were used for pectin.extraction. The fruits were divided in peel, pulp, pulp with peel and flesh, dry in stove with circulation of air. Samples in nature and drought were characterized physically and chemically. The central rotation composed design with four axial points and three replicates in the central point was used to optimize the extraction of pectin of flour of the guava pulp and pulp with peel. The extraction was performed in 4 g of flour to 200 mL of solution of citric acid at different concentrations and at different times of extraction, at temperature of 97 ° C. The esterification degree of extracted pectins was compared to commercial pectin one. The highest yields in the extractions of pectin of flour of the guava pulp and pulp with peel were obtained with citric acid solution at 5 g (100 g)-1 and the extraction time of 60 min. Pectins showed up with low esterification, with 38.94% for the pulp and 40.99% for pulp with peel of guava. However, pectins showed the concentration of galacturonic acid next to the commercial standard of 65% and they can be applied in foods with low soluble solids (diet or light food)Item Isolamento e caracterização de microrganismos em leite cru refrigerado e leite UHT no estado de Goiás e desenvolvimento de filme ativo antimicrobiano para inibição de Bacillus sporothermodurans(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-26) PEREIRA, Flavio Evans Vilela; SOARES, Nilda de Fatima Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2414704858566970; ANDRADE, Nelio Jose de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2570616590445503; MOURA, Celso José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6006558807438442Raw milk is a natural culture medium for the microbial growth and easy deterioration, because of that, thermal processing is needed as soon as possible. A new technology has been used to improve the food quality, active packaging, such as antimicrobial films, wich the intention to control the microbial growth in the products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the UHT milk quality produced in Goiás State, isolation and identification of Bacillus sporothermodurans, beside create a antimicrobial film for inhibition of this microrganism high heat resistance spore former. The isolation of psychrotrophic in raw milk was used PCA with incubation at 21 °C for 72h. To evaluate the UHT milk has been doing research on aerobic mesophilic in PCA with incubation at 30 °C for 72h and to thermoresistents microrganisms was in ABHI with incubation at 35 °C for 48h. The identification of isolates was performed according to convetional methods of biochemistry identification. From raw milk, the psychrotrophic microrganisms most isolates were Staphylococcus sp. and Corynebacterium sp., both with 21,5% from 70 isolates, verifying a higher contauge of Gram-positive microrganisms (82,85%). Considering the 157 UHT isolates, just 31 were identified as Gram-positive microrganisms through biochemical tests, only 2 correponded to B. sporothermodurans, although there are differences from the tests and their results between various authors, requiring more accurate identification using molecular biology. The antimicrobial film maded of cellulose acetate with addition of nisin to inhibit the development of B. sporothermodurans, the results indicated action of nisin in inhibition this microrganism, however, when incorporated into the film, did not show the expected results in both tests, solid and liquid medium, although the specific rate (μ) growth of the microrganism was changing iin the lowest concentration tested. There is a need to conduct testing in foods, mainly in dairy products which have been reported contamination by B. sporothermodurans.Item Avaliação da secagem, torrefação e estabilidade da castanha de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2007-07-31) RABÊLO, Ana Maria da Silva; SILVEIRA, Miriam Fontes Araujo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685649204296674; TORRES, Maria Célia Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2328345152247024Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) possesss in its interior eatable chestnut little explored. In this study it was objectified to evaluate the drying process, toasting and the stability of the chestnut during 180 days in three different packings. Seeds supplied for the Association of Improvement of Fruits of the Open pasture, located in the city of Damianópolis-GO had been used. For extration of the chestnut equipment was adapted type guillotine, with purpose to cut the seed to the way. To determine curves of drying and toasting of chestnut greenhouse of drying with forced air circulation was used. For determination of optimum time of toasting the samples had been submitted to the sensorial evaluation. From the preferred sample more the centesimal composition was determined, sensorial and microbiological evaluation, profile acid greasy and physicist-chemistries, during the stockage. For drying of chestnut temperature of 70ºC per 60 minutes was used the pair time/, therefore it conferred to the product activity of water around 0,60 in lesser time drying. The roasted chestnut 130ºC during 15 and 30 minutes had been presented with better sensorial characteristics, not differing significantly between itself (p>0,05) for the Test of Friedman. The time of 30 minutes presented better sensorial characteristics, as color and crunchiness in the end item, although not to differ from the time of 15 minutes (p>0,05). The centesimal composition and of acid greasy was presented similar of other types of chestnuts. The evaluations physicist-chemistries of acidity, peroxide index, acid tiobarbituric, activity of water, humidity and the counting standard of bacteria in plates had inside presented of the standards established for all the treatments during the storage, as well as had been considered accepted in the carried through sensorial tests. The processes of definitive drying and toasting and the stability of the chestnut if had shown satisfactory in all the treatments during 180 days being able to be used by micron and small companies or cooperativesItem Caracterização e análise sensorial de biscoitos de polvilho enriquecidos com farelo de mandioca(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-07-14) RODRIGUES, Janaina Pereira de Macedo; CALIARI, Márcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3558164788327179The cassava bagasse, subproduct of the processing of the cassava starch, has been used mainly as animal feed. The main characteristic is to present high moisture content when in natura, starch content and dietary fiber. This study aimed to characterize the cassava starch physical and chemically, cassava bagasse in natura and cassava bagasse dehydrated and the biscuits formulated with different proportions of cassava bagasse dehydrated, with an sensorial biscuits analysis. Made, previous, the dehydration of cassava meal, then has been elaborated some biscuits formulas with concentrations of cassava from 0% (BP), 2% (BF2), 4% (BF4) 6% (BF6) and 8% (BF8), instead of cassava starch. The biscuits were analyzed for their preference, acceptability, physical and chemical characteristics and microbial quality. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, Tukey test at 5% level of significance. The cassava starch presented content (90.65 g 100 g-1), carbohydrate (89,34 g 100 g-1) and zinc (0.88 g 100 g-1) and, lower ash content ( 0.13 g 100 g-1), acidity (1.01 mL of 0.1 NaOH 100 g-1), acid factor (0.28 mL of hydrochloric acid), phosphorus (45.00 g 100 g-1) , potassium (786.67 g 100 g-1) and calcium (200 g 100 g-1). The in natura cassava meal showed high levels of moisture (85.60 g 100 g-1). The cassava bagasse dehydrated showed high starch content (75,04 g 100 g-1), dietary fiber (60.27 g 100 g-1), phosphorus (64.00 g 100 g-1), calcium (500.00 g 100 g-1), magnesium (200 g 100 g-1) and manganese (4.00 g 100 g-1) and, reduced lipid content (4.49 g 100 g-1) and ash (1.98 g 100 g-1). The dietary fiber content and color of the biscuits increased with the addition of cassava bagasse dehydrated on the formulation, and the dietary fiber content ranged from 5.47 g 100 g-1 to 11.40 g 100 g-1. The specific volume of the biscuits decreased with the increasing of increment of cassava bagasse dehydrated in the formulation. There was no significant difference between the biscuits, as the preference. The biscuits had good acceptability for taste and appearance and microbiological quality according to the standards required by legislation. It is concluded that cassava biscuits made with cassava meal is a dried product with good nutritional potential and good acceptability.Item Azeite de pequi: efeito do aquecimento em temperatura de fritura e utilização como ingrediente na formulação de maionese(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-06-28) RODRIGUES, Mara Lina; TAKEUCHI, Katiuchia Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1724899631394370; GERALDINE, Robson Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2481483559763643Pequi is a fruit typical of the brasilian savanna and among the nutrients found in the internal mesocarp, the lipids are present in higher percentage. Due to the presence of carotenoid pigments, notorius as antioxidants, pequi oil has red-orange color. Among these carotenoids found beta-carotene, that has also pro-vitamin A activity. The mayonnaise, emulsion oil-inwater, is the sauce whith high lipids content more appreciated and consumed in the world. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of heating frying temperature with different exposure times on the characteristics of pequi oil and make mayonnaise substituting soybean oil for the oil pequi. To evaluate the effect of heating the pequi oil heat treated at frying temperature (180 ° C) between 0 and 60 minutes. There were the analysis of free fatty acid content, peroxide value, iodine value, TBA index, density, viscosity, fatty acid profile, total carotenoids expressed as ß-carotene and color. With the results of this analysis, its determine the kinetics of degradation of carotenoids and of color change. The content of free fatty acids, peroxide value, iodine value, thiobarbituric acid index, density and viscosity have not been many changes during this period. The content of carotenoids was almost all degraded, and consequently, the color was changed significantly. The kinetics of degradation of carotenoids and of color change reflected the visual observations of samples of pequi oil obtained after each treatment. The pequi oil showed good stability over the 60 minutes and is indicated for the realization of frying processes during this period. To make the mayonnaise used the same formulation, varying only the lipid fraction between soybean oil and pequi oil, which were previously characterized. The mayonnaise was produced by homogenization in a mixer and packed in polyethylene terephthalate jars. the chemical composition and microbiological evaluation were determined for characterization of mayonnaise. The pH, water activity, color, stability, microscopy, firmness, consistency, adhesiveness and work of adhesion were performed at 0, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days of storage. The results showed that the initial stability of mayonnaise pequi oil was lower than soybean oil mayonnaise, but over time of storage, reached a similar percentage that of soybean oil mayonnaise. In general, the characteristics of mayonnaise made with pequi oil were consistent with those of mayonnaise made with soybean oil and microphotographs confirmed the perceived changes over the 56 days of analysis. As the mayonnaise is a frequent food consumption among different age groups and economic classes, the use of pequi oil for the manufacture of this product is an alternative to reach the recommended daily intake of ß-carotene (pro-vitamin A), leveraging can also contribute to the sustainable development of the brasilian savanna.