Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia

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Navegando Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia por Por Área do CNPQ "CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::PRODUCAO DE MUDAS"

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    Efeito do manejo do solo com plantas de cobertura, cultivares/híbridos e nitrogênio na cultura do milho
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-02-26) AGUIAR, Renata Alves de; SILVEIRA, Pedro Marques da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4242408931816325
    The corn is the main cereal produced in Brazil and its productivity is very affected by the improper use of nitrogen, which is the nutrient absorbed in larger quantities and therefore responsible for a significant share in production costs. Due to the importance of nitrogen for the corn crop becomes necessary studies to reduce the amount of nitrogen applied to the crop, reducing losses and increasing the efficiency of its use, beside minimize environmental risks. One way have been studied to reduce the amount of nitrogen applied and increase the efficiency of use of inorganic nitrogen, from the fertilizer, it is the combination of plants that cover the ground with nitrogened fertilizer. The study aimed to determine the economic viability and the effect of soil management with the use of soil cover plants, hybrids and nitrogen doses in coverage in the vegetative and reproductive characteristics, related to productivity of corn. The corn, in the experiment, was planted at begning of February in the field trial of Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Red Latosol Distrophic. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates the arrangement of plots in sub-sub-divided. The plots were formed by four types of soil management: direct planting of corn on the black mucuna stubble (Mucuna aterrima Merr.); direct planting of corn on the of crotalária juncea stubble (Crotalaria juncea L.); direct planting of corn on vegetation spontaneous (aside) and planting corn in the system of conventional tillage (arado of aiveca). The subplots were formed by five doses of nitrogen in coverage: 0, 45, 90, 180 and 360 kg ha-1 of nitrogen in coverage, and the sub-sub-plots of four hybrids of corn: BRS 3003, AG 1051, Green Corn HT-1, HT-2 Green Corn. The analysis of the benefit / cost was performed on the basis of prices of materials and services raised in April 2007. The benefit / cost in the various systems was held in the Excel spreadsheets, and economically viable a relationship exceeding 1.0. It was concluded that: there is effect of hybrid and soil management on vegetative characteristics such as plant height and the first spik and on productive characteristics as income from pulp and grain and mass in a thousand grains of corn, and there is no interaction between hybrid, soil management and dose of nitrogen in coverage of the productivity of corn. The best soil management as the benefit / cost is the fallow without any addition of nitrogen in coverage, followed by the system of conventional tillage with 45 kg ha-1 and without the addition of nitrogen.
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    Uso de reguladores de crescimento e controle biológico de fungos no feijoeiro cultivado em sucessão à dife-rentes culturas de cobertura
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-02-25) BERNARDES, Tatiely Gomes; SILVEIRA, Pedro Marques da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4242408931816325
    In order to increase the productivity of the common bean crop several technologies are offered, but there is lack of studies to verify their efficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of growth regulator and the biological control of fungi of the soil through Trichoderma sp., seeking larger productivity of the commom bean plant irrigated in succession to different cover crops. The experiments were conducted in Fazenda Capivara - Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, in a Dystrophic Red Latosol. The experimental design was a randomized complete block on split-plot, with four replications. The plots of the two experiments consisted of cultures used as soil cover, as the leguminous: pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millisp), Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Campo Grande, and Crotalária spectabilis Roth., and the grasses: millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. R. Br.), Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, B. brizantha associated with corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). To the 84 days after the cut of the cover crops common bean cultivar BRS Valente was sown under central pivot. Experiment 1: the subplot treatments were: a) control; b) 500 ml of growth regulator (RC - commercial product Stimulate) in 100 kg of seeds; c) 1250 ml of biological fungicide (FB - commercial product Trichodermil) in 100 kg of seeds; and, d) 500 ml of RC plus 1250 ml FB in 100 kg of seeds. They were evaluated severity of root rot, incidence of fusarium wilt, grain yield, mass of 100 grains, number of beans for plant, number of grains for bean and initial and final stand of the commom bean. Experiment 2: the subplots consisted of the following treatments: a) control; b) 500 ml of growth regulator (RC - commercial product Stimulate) in 100 kg of seeds; c) 250 ml of RC for hectare in the V4 development stage, foliar treatment; and, d) 500 ml RC in 100 kg of seeds and 250 ml of RC for hectare via foliar, in the V4 development stage. They were evaluated the grain yield, mass of 100 grains, number of beans for plant, number of grains for bean and initial and final stand of the commom bean. The obtained data of the studied variables were submitted to the variance analyses being applied the F test, and when there were differences among the averages, these were compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. Experiment 1: The treatments with Trichoderma sp. and growth regulators applied via seeds did not showed significant effect in the analyzed variables. The sorghum straw favored the increase of the severity of the root rot and of the fusarium wilt in the common bean crop, causing a lower grain yield. The highest grain yield was obtained in the millet straw. Experiment 2: The treatments with growth regulator applied via seeds and foliar did not significantly influenced the common bean grain yield. The predecessor cover crops influenced the common bean grain yield, and the millet was that provided the largest common bean grain yield.
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    Fenologia, Produção e Pós-colheita de frutos de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.f) em três veredas do cerrado no estado de Goiás.
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-05-25) MARTINS, Maria Lúcia; SOUZA, Eli Regina Barboza de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7641431808466123; NASCIMENTO, Jorge Luiz do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1613681986702987; NAVES, Ronaldo Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2740049203016314
    This study aimed to characterize the phenology, production and post-harvest fruit of the buriti palm tree in the Savannah as well as factors impacting on production. The study was conducted in three palm swamp with three distinct forms of occupation of the borders. The buriti palm tree were characterized as height, diameter at breast height, number of inflorescences and leaves. The number of leaves was correlated with climatic data from July 2006 to September 2009. To characterize the production were collected from three clusters per area, and determined the average weight of fruit bunches and these extrapolated data for each area. In three clusters of each palm swamp included: length of the bunch, bunch weight, fruit weight, number of rachilles, and fruit number, length rachilles, total number of loci, number of loci with fruit, no fruit locule number , and the reason the number of loci with fruits / total number of loci. Characterization were carried out fifty fruits of each of the three clusters collected in each area. The characterization of fruits were evaluated: fruit weight, diameter longitudinal, transverse diameter, transverse diameter ratio / longitudinal diameter, the pulp mass, mass of bark, seed mass, and mass of endocarp. The pulp included: pH, total titratable acidity as citric acid, moisture and minerals. In a second phase were collected in five months, 250 fruits per area, per collection, where in addition to the analysis in the fruit pulp and cited, were analyzed for crude fiber, protein, lipid and fatty acid profile in the pulp the fruits of the first and last collection. Finally, was evaluate different treatments of artificial ripening of buriti. To check on what treatment get more uniform ripening counted the number of mature fruits, hard and dirty. The pulp was found: pH, total acidity and citric acid, moisture, minerals and starch. The results of this study support the conclusion: In relation to phenology, the average number of leaves of buriti palm tree do not differ between plants and sex, however, have differ for maximum temperature. The palm swamp have average income calculated in pulp yield 651.54 kg ha-1. Fruits buriti have high nutritional content and is suitable for fresh consumption and processing purposes. Fruits buriti present average mass of 54.19 g of which 17.79% is pulp, seed 34.69%, 20.88% bark and 26.64% endocarp. The mineral elements examined during the five seasons had different values. The pulps of buriti show high content of fiber, reduced levels of lipids, being the predominant fatty acid, palmitic. The storage for seven days followed by immersion of fruits in water at 55 °C for thirty minutes is the treatment that has a higher yield in the process of maturation (95.5%).
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    Monitoramento de moscas-das-frutas (Diptera, Tephritidae) em cinco municípios no estado de Goiás
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-18) RABELO, Lilian Rosana Silva; VELOSO, Valquíria da Rocha Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7952914949535819
    Fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) are important insect pests in world fruit orchards; responsible for significant yield losses, and an obstacle to the fruit market due to quarantine restrictions imposed by importing countries. The knowledge of their population dynamics in a specific region is an important factor in insect pest management programs. Fruit flies were monitored by surveys conducted in five counties of the state of Goiás, aiming to increase the knowledge of the species, the faunistic index, the population fluctuation, as well as to elaborate a pictorial identification key for the species catalogued. Collecting expeditions were conducted weekly, using traps model McPhail, with corn hydrolyzed protein at 5% as food attractant. The most common species population fluctuation was assessed by the FTD (fly/trap/day) index. Surveys took place from November 2004 to October 2009 in cucurbit crops and family orchards; and from September 2008 to August 2009 in fragments of the native vegetation of the Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna), at the Vale do São Patrício - GO region, in four counties belonging to the area of Mitigating Risk System (MRS) of A. grandis. This study was also carried out in a guava commercial orchard in the Cristalina county GO, from November 2008 to October 2009. In the Vale do São Patrício 173 Anastrepha females were captured, and 14 species identified as belonging to five infrageneric groups. The largest number of flies captured took place in the Uruana county (37%), followed by Itapuranga (30%), Carmo do Rio Verde (26%), and Jaraguá (7%) counties. A. manihati species was the most common (34%), followed by A. obliqua (19.65%), and A. pickeli (13.87) A. dissimilis, A. quiinae and A. pickeli were recorded for the first time in the state of Goiás. A. grandis was captured for the first time in the counties of Uruana and Jaraguá with FDI within the contents accepted for cucurbits fruit export. In the Vale do São Patricio region the genus Anastrepha occurred in all seasons, with population peaks coinciding with the fructification period of most of the host species of the Cerrado fauna. At the guava commercial orchard of Cristalina 170,812 male and female individuals of C. capitata, and 1, 654 female individuals of Anastrepha were captured. C. capitata was the most abundant, with 98.24% of the total, while genus Anastrepha was the least, with 1.76%, and seven species identified, in which A. fraterculus (1.46%) and A. sororcula (0.175%) were the most common. C. capitata and A. fraterculus were associated with the class super of dominance, abundance, frequency and constancy. The seven species of Anastrepha sampled in this work matched the 1.09 index of diversity. C. capitata and A. fraterculus population peaks coincided with the guava production season, with a population outburst occurring in January 2009. C. capitata population levels remained relatively high during the collecting period, except from March to July 2009, with peaks in December 2008. There was a significant correlation of C. capitata and A. fraterculus population fluctuation with weather. A pictorial identification key was elaborated for the 22 species of fruit flies recorded in Goiás: A. amita, A. bahiensis, A. bistrigata, A. dissimilis, A. distincta, A. fraterculus, A. grandis, A. leptozona, A. manihoti, A. montei, A. obliqua, A. pseudoparallela, A. pickeli, A. quiinae, A. serpentina, A. sororcula, A. striata, A. turpiniae, A. zenildae, A. zerny, Ceratitis Capitata and Anastrepha sp. (new species - R. A. Zucchi personal information).