Doutorado em Sociologia (FCS)
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Item Os assalariados rurais urbanizados: sobre o fenômeno urbano e os trabalhadores rurais na alta modernidade – Goianésia, Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-05-10) Xavier, Glauber Lopes; Freitas , Revalino Antonio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8705661441925211; Freitas, Revalino Antonio de; Lima Filho, Manuel Ferreira; Santos, Cleito Pereira dos; Maia, Doralice Sátyro; Stein, Leila de MenezesIn recent years, the conditions of reproduction of labor power and social relations of rural proletarians have undergone substantial transformations, whose cause it is the urban phenomenon that is wrapped in the everyday life of these workers. Ongoing changes have engendered, in turn, a modus vivendi that hitherto had not unprecedented in Brazil, which confirms the emergence of a new category of rural workers, rural workers urbanized. To understand it, however, it is urgent to consider this modus vivendi based on the concept of social space, initiated by the dialectic between instances physical, social and mental arvoradas the city in high modernity. Regarding the social space, the study of rural workers urbanized unveils a reproduction of social relations distinct from that configured the daily life of rural workers of years before this new century. Demarcate this change new ways of acting, feeling and thinking these guys, emerging, so a new relationship between man and space, man-object, as well as among men themselves, develop into new representations and their corollaries. It considers that these changes constitute the high modernity, sometimes called late modernity or post-modernity, which deals with the cultural logic of an advanced stage of development of the productive forces. In this sense, the present study seeks to apprehend the conditions of reproduction of social relations of temporary workers Goianesia, Goiás, from the cultural aspects that allow coining the concept of rural workers urbanized. Indeed, it is understood that cultural issues emerge from the material order of life, so that underpins this study is also in the apprehension of the conditions of reproduction of labor power, which are brought by poor relations and even by labor relations similar to slavery, developments of new terrirorialidades that has been established from new dynamic urban-rural and rural-urban in high modernity. Thus, the thesis in question flies in the filing of a concept to the time it takes out an interpretative effort of the contemporary rural or so called new country, formed by a dynamic space-time which promotes substantial changes in the daily lives of workers. Therefore, the research methodologically sustained on the historical and dialectical materialism, considering that the fabric of reality is established from class conflict and that this real it is a synthesis of multiple determinations. The research was guided also by the procedure methodological regressive-progressive, postulated by Henri Lefebvre, which allows the seizure of the real from the junction between sociology and history, allowing addition of these fields of knowledge, the encounter between geography, anthropology, philosophy, among others.Item O Twitter nas campanhas eleitorais: novos desafios para os atores políticos em Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-05-19) Fernandes, Luiz Carlos do Carmo; Mundim, Pedro Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0065670247671119; Bezerra, Heloisa Dias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5901954357328179; Bezerra, Heloisa Dias; Borges, Pedro Célio Alves; Silva, Sivaldo Pereira da; Leal, Sayonara de Amorim Gonçalves; Freitas, Luiz Antônio SignatesThis thesis aims to understand the changes occurring in the political and electoral communication from the adoption of Law No. 12.034/2009 - which regulates in detail the use of the Internet as a political communication tool in Brazilian electoral process , through a regional crop . Ie , understand how political actors of Goiás are facing the challenges , primarily through the use of on-line social networks in the election campaigns – the object of study is Twitter , whose use was analyzed in the election campaigns of 2010 and 2012. Therefore , traditional techniques of sociology and new possibilities brought by the analysis of on-line social networks were used , gathering ethnographic research on-line , qualitative on-line interviews , content analysis of tweets and search with the use of internet tools . The final results of this study suggest that the use of on-line social networks in political campaigns expanded the agenda and ways to communicate with society and started require political actors , a presence on social networks on-line increasingly attentive and lasting .The topics covered during the election period were extended , while still prevailing own campaign and public policy proposals . In relation to the speech was possible to observe a major change : information / news, thanks and request for a vote / support , virtually ruling on Twitter in 2010 and 2012 , were not important discursive strategies by 2006 in electioneering . Therefore , policies arising the use of the Internet and on-line social networks in election campaigns in Goiás transformations can be perceived in the subject in the discourse strategies . But not in the behavior of actors and political institutions . Only during the next campaigns will be possible to verify whether the requirements of the new tool of political communication and political actors affect organizations in order to force them to change their behavior during election campaigns , but also outside them.Item Experiências femininas na política goiana. Dona Gercina: entre o público e o privado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-06-05) Abreu, Mayra Regina Saraiva de; Ferreira, Denise Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0144446693015854; Ferreira, Denise Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0144446693015854; Prá, Jussara Reis; Souza, Marta Rovery de; Eliane, Gonçalves; Bitencourt, Liberdad BorgesSome social groups, such as women, by virtue of their status in social relations and the social representations that explain them, were silenced in the authorized and imposed narratives due to the national memory. This procedure generated damage to the female identity , insofar as reproduced, in the present , the notion that women were absent from large and small events that marked social life in our society , and engaged to reaffirm the values that have kept women away from the world of politics. “Experiências femininas na política goiana. Gercina Borges: entre o público e o privado.” [“Women's experiences in Goiás policy. Gercina Borges: between the public and the private. "] attempts to explain the causes of social silence among the female experiences in politics and the persistent lack of prestige of this social group by theoretical references from the modern political thought, such as the concepts of public and private sphere and gender. At the same time, making use of the experience of Gercina Borges Teixeira and by means of oral history and combination of other sources, presents the joint that, over time, in Goiás, they created to act in this field without restrictions imposed on women. Finally, it examines the motivations present in the care rendered by the wives of candidates and heads of the government, associating this action to the political sphere, with the intent to withdraw the humanitarian and innocent character with which it was covered.Item Violência contra migrantes em trânsito pelo México(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-08-04) Moreira, Júlio da Silveira; Oliveira, Dijaci David de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9145111011143886; Oliveira, Dijaci David de; Durães, Telma Ferreira Nascimento; Borges, Pedro Célio Alves; Siqueira, Sueli; Alves, Maria ZenaideEsta investigación se lleva a cabo en el contexto de las migraciones internacionales contemporáneas, especialmente la migración indocumentada a los Estados Unidos. El punto de partida es la violencia contra los migrantes que cruzan por México, y las preguntas centrales son: si el migrante sabe el riesgo que se está pasando con la violencia en el tránsito, ¿por qué seguir yendo a los EUA? ¿Cómo las redes sociales operan en la reproducción los flujos migratorios? Cuál es el vínculo existente entre la política de migración y la violencia? ¿Por qué los Estados controlan y restringen la migración, si hay una demanda de mano de obra migrante? Todas estas preguntas convergen en una sola problemática, que son las relaciones causales entre el individuo y el medio social en la determinación del acto de migrar, junto con las relaciones causales que conducen a la violencia contra los migrantes en México, estableciendo el vínculo entre la política migratoria y la violencia. La metodología se basa en el método documental y la sociología reflexiva de la migración de Sayad. Las principales herramientas de la investigación de campo fueron la observación participante y entrevistas en profundidad. En el curso teórico se revisan las teorías de la migración para llegar a la teoría de los sistemas migratorios, el funcionamiento de las redes sociales, y el mito de elghorba como constituyente de la violencia simbólica en la emigración. El escenario de la migración de tránsito a través de México se construye con el contexto geo-histórico de la frontera entre México y EUA, la conformación de México como país de tránsito en la regionalización de las políticas de seguridad continental y un análisis detallado de las rutas utilizadas por los migrantes centroamericanos. La violencia simbólica en esas rutas se documenta a partir de entrevistas realizadas en 2012 durante la Caravana de madres centroamericanas que buscan a sus hijos desaparecidos. A continuación, es construido el escenario de la emigración brasileña a los EUA, tomando los datos generales, y teniendo la región de Governador Valadares como caso de estudio, observando la variación de la cultura migrante entre el núcleo urbano y los municipios rurales circundantes. La emigración brasileña indocumentada a los EUA se analiza en profundidad, observando como surgieron los primeros mecanismos de apoyo a la entrada de los inmigrantes en los EUA y como ellos se fueron desarrollando conforme la migración fue constituida como desviación, hasta consolidar la ruta de tránsito de brasileños por México. Además, se analiza críticamente el papel que desempeñó la Comisión de Investigación del Congreso Nacional para la Emigración en 2005 y 2006. La masacre de 72 migrantes en el norte de México en agosto de 2010 es el punto de partida para analizar la relación entre la violencia contra los migrantes y la política de migración, señalando el significado de la guerra contra las drogas en México y la colusión entre el crimen organizado y autoridades públicas en el estado de Tamaulipas, como marco para analizar ampliamente el significado de la violencia contra los migrantes en México.Item Os dados sobre homicídio doloso em Goiás como um problema sociológico(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-08-11) Franco, Michele Cunha; Souza, Dalva Maria Borges de Lima Dias de; Souza, Dalva Maria Borges de Lima Dias de; Caruso, Haydée Glória Cruz; Lima, Renato Sérgio de; Rabelo, Francisco Chagas Evangelista; Oliveira, Dijaci David deIntentional homicide is not only a social problem but also a sociological one. Analyzing how a state generates data about this crime enables one to perceive how this state deals with this problem. This theses analyzes: a) the generation of data in the punitive legal system when it comes to intentional homicides; b) two plans for public security proposed by the government of Goiás in 2011 and 2012, and c) seventy sentenced cases concerning intentional homicide that occurred in Goiânia in 2007 e 2008. The aim is to discern how the state acts in relation to the crime in question or, in other words, how it exerts its monopoly on force. In order to achieve this, both empirical and theoretical studies about intentional homicide are collated, as well as theoretical reflections on the manner in which the State exerts or practices its power. The qualitative analysis of concluded cases has been made in order to verify whether the evidence found in them - be it regarding the profile of the actors (victims and defendants) or the circumstances under which and the reasons why the crimes took place - corroborate the empirical studies about such crime as well as the theories used in order to understand how the state practices in exerting its monopoly on force can be connected to the choices made in relation to the segment of the population that is the protagonist of what can be called a Brazilian tragedy, which makes approximately fifty thousand victims annually, most of whom are poor black young men.Item Artesanato: identidade e trabalho(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-08-15) Vieira, Geruza Silva de Oliveira; Nunes, Jordão Horta; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0257540968113535; Nunes, Jordão Horta; Santos, Cleito Pereira dos; Bernardes, Genilda D‟Arc; Vannuchi, Maria Lúcia; Durães, Telma Ferreira NascimentoThe thesis theme discuss in the process and organization of work in handcraft and the construction of the identity process by the workers. The intention of it is to show its group, four points are essential: there is an identity built from de mixture of elements, as cultural, social and labors between the handcrafters present in many Brazilian regions and in the city of Goiânia. This identity has been concepted, made and developed all over the years. This characteristics and particulates of work process and organization of this handcrafters were still modified some elements have relations to the process and the industrial work and organization, the handcraft is a kind of work which the genders mixture themselves in your labors activities, with some modifications. The main objective is to analyses the labor process and the construction of identity in the work of handcraft in Goiânia and Brazil. The specific objectives are: to built the theorical fundaments about the origin of handcraft as a way of work; to analyses the relation between the labor identity and another identity forms built in the biographical trajectory of a worker in handcraft; to discuss the relation between the worker social identity in handcraft and the cultural identity related to regional and national handcraft; to examine the social division of the work in handcraft into handcraft and the construction of the gender between workers in handcraft in Goiânia and in Brazil. As methodological process, it was used an approach quality and quantity used, at first, the bases of governement which had informations about the work in handcraft activities. The archives were IBGE and PNAD. In the quality step, we made presently reporting with handcrafters by a recorder following a schedule of central questions in the information of the documental research. We applied of the questionaries‟ were made in on line version with help of the applicative of Google Docs, informal dialogues and the utilization of blogs, social networking and base of information related to internet sites.Item Exploração sexual comercial de adolescentes: apreendendo o fenômeno a partir de diferentes narrativas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-08-15) Silva, Rogério Araújo da; Durães, Telma Ferreira do Nascimento; Durães, Telma Ferreira do Nascimento; Rabelo, Francisco Chagas Evangelista; Gonçalves, Eliane; Vannuchi, Maria Lúcia; Pinheiro, VeralúciaIn this thesis, we are going to show a research made with the commercial sexual exploration of teenagers in Goiânia town and nearby it in the period of 2011 to 2013. The main objective is to understand the new configurations of commercial sexual exploration of teenagers nowadays. For that, we start of the principle that, in the last years, the phenomenon got new configurations, closely in the fact that refers to its notorious fact. The importance of this study is justified by the few researches realized about the theme in national, according to the few studies realized up to this time. In the context of a historical process, we will realize a return of how a concept of commercial sexual exploration of children and teenagers was made or remake in Brazil in the last decades. So, we are defining and distinguing some diferente cathegories of the own concept as exploration, violence, power, injury, sexual work, sexual market, prostitution and anothers. The caracterization of the phenomenon is made by the narratives of the people researched, as well as the teenagers and the envolved actors in the universe as the profissionals that do the question. To contextualize the phenomenon in extent worldwide and national, it is delineation a outlook in base in data collected por some organizations. We also approach the legal goal and the national legislation refers to affront of this problem in Brazil. The methodological course and the implications of work in locus are described and debated. The demation of construction of teenagers’ identities in their many dimentions are comprehended. At least, the diferente modalities of commercial sexual exploration of teenagers are made in the sense to understand their new dinamics and configurations.Item Formação em saúde em Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-08-29) Amorim, L. T.; Souza, M. R.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1155042579123151; Gonçalves, Eliane; Nunes, Tânia Celeste Matos; Paiva, Denise Ferreira; Rabelo, Francisco Chagas E.; Pereira, Edsaura MariaIn Brazil, the Unified Public Health System (hereby SUS), established from the context of the redemocratization of society and sanitation reform movement, was responsible for ordering the vocational training in health sphere. The continuing health education (hereby EPS) refers to: training, care, management and formulation of health policies, aimed at transforming professionals' practices and bring them to SUS based on the problems faced in everyday life of health services. The objective was to understand and analyze the health training in Goiás, at the level of lato sensu post-graduation, from the implementation of PNEPS in Brazil, this study involved three institutions of higher education and a school of public health. Therefore, an extensive bibliographic and documentary research was conducted in the period 2004-2013 on the subject. Information gathered from primary sources was also collected through semistructured interviews, applied to key informants who were or had been involved with health management and educational institutions. Results showed that the actions developed by the policy are still incipient, but waving to possibilities of change, so, institutions are still in the process of implementing these actions, seeking to consolidate a formation based on the EPS suggestions, and thereby, transform training process and consequently health care. In conclusion, the continuing health education is in essence, very vigorous, and to intertwine with SUS main principles, can become an important tool for effective achievement of Brazilian democracy.Item Políticas públicas de segurança no Brasil: para pensar os direitos humanos de LGBT(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-12-12) Avelar, Rezende Bruno de; Oliveira, Dijaci David de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9145111011143886; Oliveira, Dijaci David de; Almeida, Luiz Mello de; Nascimento, Pedro Francisco G. do; Vianna, Cristina; Braz, Camilo A. deThe segment lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) are among the various groups in the Brazilian social scene that suffer violations of their human rights and are more exposed / the situations of humiliation and violence. It is from this context that I propose to investigate and map the existing public security policies and aimed at LGBT in Brazil. Analyze the scope and limits of actions and public security policies for LGBT in the three spheres of government and the process of consolidation of these policies as a fundamental right of LGBT citizens. So it is necessary to identify the proposals of public safety for the LGBT segment, recorded in manifestation of privileged spaces of civil society, national LGBT Conferences (2008 and 2011), Guidelines of the First National Seminar on Public Security and Combat homophobia (2007), National Human Rights Program - PNDH-2 (2002) and PNDH-3 (2010), Brazil without homophobia Program (2008), National Plan for the Promotion of LGBT Citizenship and Human rights (2009), Reports SDH (Dial 100: 2011 and 2012), History and PLC Procedure 122 (2006-2014), LGBT Legislation: municipal and state to combat homophobia (1999-2014). To narrow the search opted for a qualitative approach and document analysis technique was used to collect data, to then identify the demands of the LGBT movement in the field of public security. With this technique were also analyzed the documents of federal, state and local governments to bring formalized in the proposed public safety demands for LGBT. And from the writings of several / the author / the social and legal sciences, as Arendt (2011), Spivak (2010), Appadurai (2009), Boudier (1989), Butler (2003), Arretche (2007), Sapori (2010), Protásio (2010), Raupp (2012), Adorno (2007), Appiah (2012) tried to analyze data on violence against LGBT, raised both by civil society and the government. The different actions and the set of 166 mapped legal frameworks that are in place are insufficient to cope with violence affecting victims and make women and LGBT men and there was no effective progress in the human rights field for the segment. What has been in the security field are generic policies for the entire population. Lack agility and serious political intentions in the discussions for the approval of laws that deal with justice for the segment, as proposed by the PLC 122, which aims to criminalize lgbtfobias. The lack of consistent public security policies is the result of a missing legislation, which does not have and does not respond to existing demands. The laws that exist are more illustrative that effective actually are palliative, so do not have the strength to support and ensure effectiveness of existing policies. The survey on these policies for LGBT showed that most of the laws comes from the state and municipal levels, a counterpoint revealing absence of the federal legislature. In several states the legal frameworks have been created for the promotion of LGBT rights, however, are very fragile, very localized and short range. These so many laws have failed rooting necessary to prevent serious violations of human rights of LGBT.Item Capital social e redes: uma análise do programa de aquisição de alimentos da agricultura familiar(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-12-12) Santos, Leandro de Lima; Almeida, Luiz Manoel Moraes de Camargo; Ferreira, Denise Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0144446693015854; Ferreira, Denise Paiva; Campos, Francisco Itami; Pietrafesa, Pedro Araújo; Durães, Telma Ferreira do Nascimento; Sartore, Marina de SouzaThis research presents an investigation on how the effects / results of a public policy may be influenced by social capital elements formed by a networks. In this sense, there was a comparative analysis of Family Farming Food Acquisition Program (PAA) set up in different cities in the state of Goiás, Itapuranga and Silvânia. The central contribution of the research is to identify and understand the formation and the types of social networks involving the program's actors in each location, as legacies of historical, social and political link, and what is its connection with the results of PAA. The articulation and dialogue between the social cohesion of networks formed and the effectiveness of a government program is the majorjor finding in this study.Item As representações sociais sobre as vítimas para os autores de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-30) Esber, Karen Michel; Durães, Telma Ferreira Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6386493067782696; Durães, Telma Ferreira Nascimento; Oliveira, Dijaci David de; Souza, Maria Luiza Rodrigues; Sousa, Sônia Margarida Gomes; Vannuchi, Maria LúciaThe main theme of this thesis has its center in the analysis of social representations about the victims of sexual violence in the conception of twenty-six authors of sexual violence (AVS) against children and adolescents, imprisoned in Prison Coronel Odenir Guimarães (POG), in the city of Aparecida Goiânia, State of Goiás, Brasil. The qualitative approach methodology leads the investigative task and the theoretical support searches the knowledge of Social Sciences and the Social Representation Theory, which rise the reflection beyond the individual, considering the conceptual, historical, scientific, media, legal and institutional contexts. The presentation of the interviewees is based on two perspectives: the prison institution, through documentary research in the records of the AVS and the interviewees from sixty-one personal contacts "interviewer-interviewees", mixed by the formal conduct characterized by the filling of the standard questionnaire and dialogues, both purposely targeted the themes: life history, sexualities (for themselves and their victims), children and adolescents, practiced and suffered sexual violence, victims of sexual violence, among others, like the moments of encouragement to free events and narratives of AVS. The result of the interviews showed two constants among AVS, from the empirical field: most categorize people who practice sexual violence as monsters, sick or abnormal and the different facets between denying and assuming the violence. From the perspective of the author of this document, the analysis of the AVS´s social representations about the victims elected three units of meaning: victims and victims of sexual violence, children/adolescents and sexuality (of victims and AVS). The main findings indicate that respondents recognize children and adolescents who experience sexual contact with adults as victims, relation named as a violence and a morally reprehensible act; list harmful consequences of sexual violence for the victims and also for themselves, showing their inseparability; present contradiction between not distinguishing categories as children and adolescents (both represented as biological immature, mental and emotional) and rank crimes from age category; nominate children and adolescents in sexual interaction with adults as innocent, seductive and co-authors, but always victims; show that sexual desire, if any, is directed only to the victims of the violence they committed, and not to other children and adolescents; show crystallization of the role as an author and victim of violence from the gender category; report various negative emotions about themselves in relation to the sexual violence they practiced and the caused consequences in the lives of their victims, such as repentance, disgust, anger, guilt, shame, self-image of monstrosity. Their representations are similar with the three concepts parameters adopted and with those produced and reproduced by common sense, media, law, literature and institutional discourses. The findings shown in this work and the analytical approach used inquire the assertion of part of the international literature on the fact that the AVS fail to recognize the emotional needs of their victims, because they would present empathy deficits toward them, explaining the problem in a strictly intrapsychological bias. Finally, and based on authors of the areas of Social Sciences, appears as necessary the exercise of a new interpretation that links between individual and social experience of AVS to the dominant psychosocial theories, as a contribution to the field of specialized Brazilian studies on the AVS, as well as provide professionals the minimum knowledge to the treatment in the legal field, and treatment in the field of physical and mental health of AVS, in here seen beyond the stereotypes that are charged on them before being on trial.Item Sociedade carioca dezenovesca - o negro-cativo, o negro-alforriado e o negro-abandonado no realismo machadiano (1881-1908)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-06-22) Vilarinho, Murilo Chaves; Rabelo, Francisco Evangelista Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994475259808096This thesis seeks to study about African slave in Rio social context in the Second Empire (1840-1889), and during the first decade of the Old Republic. This chronology seeks to think the African descendant through three specific social moments: firstly, when slave was the workforce that moved the Brazilian agricultural export system. Furthermore, he was considered an object by master, who punished it daily. In this way, slave, who experienced that context, was part of the first social moment, which, according to this thesis, ended in 1888, when there was Abolition. Secondly, since the slaves were freed by imperial state, became Africans solely. In fact, these were freed from their shackles and whip. However, they continued under the auspices of the imperial system until the advent of the Republic Proclamation in 1889. Free slaves experienced this second social moment, which was called the interregnum by this thesis. Finally, the former slave, now experiencing the condition of African descendant emancipated, was not inserted inside modern class society that was structured after the Proclamation in 1889. This individual was left alone. Indeed, the Old Republic not caught him, who continued being a "captive" person in a society where the slavery essence remained in terms of mentality of the population. African descendant who were part in context formed the third social moment. With regard to the life of the captive African, the freed African, and the African abandoned in the imperial society and Republican of Rio de Janeiro, it is believed that Literature contributes to understanding of social types, given that the hermeneutic understanding of Ricoeur claims that fiction can reveal essential aspects of reality. This sociological perspective, rooted in literature, confirms that the writings that were produced in some time ago can be important memory sources for understanding the social relations that were supported by past context. In this sense, it is believed that the realist literature in Machado de Assis, one of the canons of national literature, is able to reveal significant insights about the social context of imperial and republican Brazil. The realist literature in Machado de Assis, comprising novels, chronic, tales, shows us the social, political, cultural contexts in nineteenth-century imperial Brazil and during the first republican decade. In this sense, it is observed that literature can support the understanding about social life in its various aspects, yesterday and contemporarily. Taking this understanding into account, this thesis seeks to analyze the representation of social types represented through captive, freed, and abandoned Africans, which are part in realistic writes by Machado de Assis (1881 -1908).Item A expansão do setor sucroalcooleiro em Goiás: uma análise sobre o trabalho, reestruturação produtiva e questão agrária no contexto do Plano Nacional de Agroenergia (2006-2011)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-02) Faria, Andréia Farina de; Freitas, Revalino Antonio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8705661441925211; Freitas, Revalino Antonio de; Previtali, Fabiane Santana; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Nunes, Jordão Horta; Campos, Ricardo Luiz Sapia deThe object of this thesis establishes itself in the debate on environmental sustainability limited to the exhaustion of the fossil energetic matrix, as we are living, through public policies, the expansion of the sugar cane agricultural frontier in the state of Goiás. The focus of our analysis is the comprehension of the sugarcane constitution production process in state of Goiás during the years of the National Agro-energetic Plan (2006- 2011). In order to achieve that, our research went through three reflexive hypotheses, which are the social inclusion, labor market and the agrarian issue, which were all treated in a relational manner in order to achieve a dialectic apprehension of the movement in course. Therefore, the construction of an empiricalresearch came from the problematisation of the document of the referred policyand consequently of thesystematization of data extracted from secondary sources, which were: the Annual Social Information Relation (Relação Anual de Informações Sociais - RAIS), the National Housing Strata Research (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios - PNAD), the National Supply Company (Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento - CONAB) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE). The sustainable approach supplied by the federal government to the agro-energetic policy was incapable to stop the agro exportation model (plantation) from reproducing itself through the sugarcane expansion, that is, the land concentration and the intensification of the workforce exploration are two correlated processes that are constantly reworked in the country’s rural areas. However, the mechanization caused a change in the labor nature in the cane fields and itwas able to modify, not just the image of the formal employment of the sector, but of all Goiás’ agriculture.Item Valor-aparência: aparências de classe e hierarquias do cotidiano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-12-07) Jordão, Janaína Vieira de Paula; Lima Filho, Manuel Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9114125597206149; Lima Filho, Manuel Ferreira; Rabelo, Francisco Chagas E; Horta, Jordão Nunes; Tondato, Márcia Perencin; Rial, Carmen SilvaTaking into consideration the many possibilities of reducing or increasing social inequalities, this Dissertation is about the ones related to the criteria of classification through appearances. We understand that among the many capitals held by different people, the social capital, i.e., the relationships network, can be one of the factors that give access to important opportunities for a person’s social ascension. Marriages, employments and friendships can change a person’s place in the social arena. However, independently of how people manipulate their own appearance (or themselves), through consumption and through their behavior in public places, the value it is given – either positively or negatively charged – will depend on the criteria adopted by the classifying individuals, as well as on existing social norms. In order to investigate this, we have applied a questionnaire to 201 persons, at consumption places in Goiânia - GO: Santa Genoveva Airport, Feira da Lua and Camelódromo Central (a market for cheap merchandise), and also performed 18 interviews in those same places, with people from middle and lower classes. What we could observe was that the classified individual’s class is seen as an important criterion, which either boosts or lowers his or her appearance-value: personal hygiene, being properly dressed, with clothes and shoes in good state, having good manners, showing proper behavior, being discreet and even how much his or her appearance reveals in terms of sexual availability and general responsibility are taken into consideration in the moment of classification, in such a way that the higher the perceived class, the more positive the assessment of the given attribute. There is, therefore, an idealization of the middle class’ consumption and manners, generally perceived as being simple, clean and discreet, and a negative view of the lower classes, to whom a taste for the excessive, the gaudy, colorful and noisy are attributed. As for the classifying individual’s class, there are not many differences in representations, and a flow of ideas in the opposite direction was not detected. As in a cascading effect, the negative representation of the lower classes takes place with relation to the class considered inferior to that of the classifying individual, and that happens in every layer, including the lower ones, which shows us the strength of the hegemonic discourses on the norms of a “good appearance”, which remain the same through all the strata. However, looking at things through the dominant class’ lens does not keep prejudice against oneself from being noticed and felt, with the perception that the lower a person’s class is, the more negative judgments he or she will face, and slimmer will be their chances of being chosen for jobs and personal relationships, based on their personal appearance when compared to that of persons of a higher class. Since we have worked more closely with the social representations that differentiate middle class from the lower class, we sought to make a mapping of contents that present and represent those classes, coming to the conclusion that, by a large measure, there is a coincidence between the meanings of already crystallized representations about social classes and their anchored attributes, and also a movement – albeit very incipient – of appropriation of a constructed notion of “new middle class”, especially by people with higher formal education.Item A melancolia na constituição político-identitária da juventude(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-12-18) Oliveira, Sandra Maria de; Bezerra, Heloisa Dias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5901954357328179; Bezerra, Heloisa Dias; Sofiati, Flávio Munhoz; Duarte, Aldimar Jacinto; Brenner, Ana Karina; Tavares, Breitner LuizEl propósito de este estudio es ver cómo las representaciones sociales acerca de los fenómenos políticos influyeron en la formación de una identidad política melancolíca de los jóvenes. La investigación se llevó a cabo con los jóvenes en la región noroeste de Goiânia , en los años 2010 y 2014. Buscamos comprender las representaciones sociales y las disposiciones que los jóvenes sujetos de esta investigación tienen en el sistema político y el reconocimiento de sus formas de legitimidad política. La principal contribución de este trabajo es dar a conocer cómo las representaciones sociales acerca de cuestiones relacionadas con los temas de la política pueden explicar la configuración de la identidad política a los jóvenes de la periferia de Goiania. De acuerdo con la literatura , entre los elementos de la representación socialmente compartida sobre la juventud , son los relacionados con la participación social y política, como parte de las funciones de las representaciones sociales, la función identidad. Se entiende que , mientras que comparte ciertas representaciones sociales , un grupo establece su identidad. Por lo tanto , se consideró que las representaciones sociales se modifican de acuerdo a las condiciones sociales , culturales e históricos y en este sentido , existe el entendimiento de que depende tanto de factores circunstanciales y los factores globales tales como el contexto social e ideológico , lugar del individuo en la organización social , la historia del individuo y el grupo , los determinantes sociales y sistemas de valores.Item Sociologia da crítica em torno de Machado de Assis – localismo versus universalismo em Roberto Schwarz e Abel Barros Baptista(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-01-20) Noronha, Marcelo Brice Assis; Rabelo, Francisco Chagas Evangelista; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788040Z4; Rabelo, Francisco Chagas Evangelista; Lima Filho, Manuel Ferreira; Viana, Nildo Silva; Vicentini, Albertina; Campos, Raquel Machado GonçalvesThere is a historical dispute over the appropriation of Machado de Assis and his work in the various critical readings. One such disputes revolves around the notion of localism and universalism. The author is not fruitful because it falls to any approach, but by always fruitful developments that can flourish from and through it. Machado de Assis is an author of this order exactly because the more one studies more possibilities appear and others may be reassessed. It has long been considered an author absent from the things of his country, then found local traits that permeated. Now, at a time of new reconsideration, the dispute is the recognition of its amplitude as a writer. Concerned about making distinct and meaningful literature, Machado de Assis was also attached to the substrate that motivated, and especially attentive to his legacy. We propose to put into perspective Machado issues by conflicting views of Roberto Schwarz and Abel Barros Baptista. Summaries of perspectives: the socio-historical and poststructuralist. The guidelines of this crossroads seem to indicate an effort by modulating the critical activity and object permanence under review. Through frames presented as prospects in action, with a general tone, despite the specificity is expected to be able to group the qualities and the criticism involved in some part of that is cheered up by the writer Machado de Assis: his artistic achievement - literature and Brazil.Item A desigualdade no “topo”: estratificação racial e o efeito da “cor” sobre os rendimentos de empregadores negros e brancos no Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-02-15) Santos, Neville Julio de Vilasboas e; Nunes, Jordão Horta; Nunes, Jordão Horta; Lima, Márcia; Fernandes, Danielle Cireno; Santos, Cleito Pereira dos; Oliveira, Dijaci David deThis thesis takes the group of employers in Brazil as an object for quantitative analysis, using data from the National Household Survey. The most traditional Marxist theories ascribe to employers, due to its position in capital-labour struggle, a location in high income strata. However, prevails a income gap between white and black workers, with preponderance of the latter group in less privileged economy sectors, in occupations with high informality rate and in enterprises that typically employ fewer workers and whose stability tends to be lower. Following the recent social sciences interest to analyse the dynamics of racial inequality in higher social strata, this thesis aims to investigate the "color effect", considering other intervening variables, on black and white employers’ income. A logistic regression method follows a historical and theoretical contextualization of the problem of racial inequalities in Brazil and the presentation of the profile of employers, to analyze the racial inequalities in the composition of the employer group, showing that controlled influential variables, blacks are less likely to be part of that group. A central task in this thesis is the analysis of income inequality between black and white employers, based on a theoretical discussion of the rapport between racial inequality, class and income. A Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition model showed a significant disparity of average incomes, whereas an extension of the earlier model proposed by Juhn, Murphy and Pierce led to conclude that black-white income inequality evolves, beyond the means difference, a significant increase along the distribution, particularly on higher strata. Taking apart the striking effect of education, the conclusion is that the color effect (effect of racial discrimination) is decisive and increases along the income distribution.Item Rebeldes com causa? Investigando o multipartidarismo e a fragmentação partidária na Câmara dos Deputados sob a Nova Lei Orgânica dos Partidos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-02-26) Gomes, Ana Lúcia Henrique Teixeira; Ferreira, Denise Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0144446693015854; Ferreira, Denise Paiva; Borges, Pedro Célio Alves; Mundim, Pedro Santos; Nicolau, Jairo; Braga, RicardoBrazil has the most fragmented system in the world. The present research assesses 20 years of regulation in Brazil focusing on the main aspects related to party fragmentation: partisan creation rules, thresholds, prerogatives in legislatures and party funding - collated to party EffNs indices from 1994 to 2015. Besides, it organizes the EMB data on party registering since 1979, the electoral party offer since 1994, and assesses the EffNs in the beginning of each legislative year in order to check fragmentation after elections. The research adds a Legislative approach, counting time in Congresses. It concludes that the constant amendments on the original National Party Act (Law # 9,096/1995) – many of them by judicial review jeopardized the balance intended by the Constitutional Writers who fostered party creation, controlled by a legislature threshold that regulated access to party funding, using carrots more than sticks to enhance a democratic culture in a new democracy. The amendments, including ban on threshold and increasing party funding with spread distribution, ended up promoting the creation of parties by floor-crossing with all the prerogatives of elected members backed by judicial reviews. The results compromise electoral integrity and contribute to the institutional crisis the country faces today.Item Realidades múltiplas em Grande Sertão Veredas: uma análise fenomenológica(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-02-26) Mascarenha, Denise dos Anjos; Rabelo, Francisco Chagas Evangelista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994475259808096; Rabelo, Francisco Chagas Evangelista; Junqueira, Ivanilda Aparecida de Andrade; Pessoa, Jadir de Morais; Valle, Ulisses do; Sofiati, Flávio MunhozThis study aims to examine the multiple realities in the literary work “Grande Sertão: Veredas” by João Guimarães Rosa, from the perspective of Alfred Schuzt’s phenomenology. Walking the path of debate of the function and the participation of literature in the social world, accessing the author's biography to understand the context of his writing and also the author’s intentions. In an exercise of producing a new perspective before a work already so studied, I we apprehend some of the provinces of finite meanings present in the narrative, articulating the experiences of Riobaldo Tatarana and his possible worlds to categories and sociological concepts. In addition to a theoretical discussion about the function of literature, I proposed, based on documentary analysis, to outline a profile of the author's understanding of his role as a writer, and then did the interpretive exercise of some themes present in his narrative Understood as finite provinces of meaning.Item Identidades religiosas na modernidade tardia: um estudo a partir da Seicho-no-Ie do Brasil em Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-05-03) Silveira, João Paulo de Paula; Sofiati, Flávio Munhoz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7078667432523349; Sofiati, Flávio Munhoz; Moreira, Alberto da Silva; Lima Filho, Manuel Ferreira; Silva, Maria da Conceição; Guerriero, SilasFrom the assumption of the dialectical relationship between religion and modernity, we consider in this research the elements of the religious identity of the members of Seicho-no-Ie do Brasil in the city of Goiania. Operating in Brazil as universal religion since the 1960s, Seicho-no-Ie is one of the Japanese New Religions who has more evidence in Goiânia. Alongside other "religions of the true self" it set what we named as “circuit of religious psychotherapies ". We believe that the process of dilution of the taken for granted status of the traditional religious narratives and the weakening of institutional coercion devices promoted by the pluralization of life forms, both operated along modernity and radicalized in its late moment, created conditions for individuals to become the main validators of their religious experiences. Thus, the religious identity in question is the result of the multifaceted universe of contemporary times. Two striking features of the religious identity of the members of Seicho-no-Ie stood out throughout this research: the "spiritual empowerment" and "ecospirituality". Both express the way that modernity challenges the "religious imagination" of the subjects; on the one hand, the emphasis on the improvement of the "self" in order to reach a full life in this world, on the other the environmental concerns based on the feeling of inhabiting a common home. Both are intertwined and they are the main identity markers with which we deal with.