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Item Fatores associados à síndrome metabólica em idosos usuários do sistema único de saúde de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-12-20) VIEIRA, Edna Cunha; SILVEIRA, Erika Aparecida da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3801865783333828; PEIXOTO, Maria do Rosário Gondim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6813295858384008Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of some cardiovascular risk factors such as insulin resistance, central deposition of body fat, dyslipidemia and blood pressure borderline. It has been associated with the development of diabetes and increased risk of morbidity and mortality for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including the elderly, due to various changes of pathophysiological mechanisms enhanced by aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of MS and its association with sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables in elderly users of the primary health care in Goiânia-GO. This is a cross-sectional study that included 133 subjects with 60 years or more. The data were collected during July and August 2009. It was applied a standardized questionnaire and pre-tested through a pilot study. The variables studied were: anthropometric (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and fat percentage by dual x-ray absorptiometry - DEXA), demographic (age, race, income, marital status and years of education), lifestyle (physical activity, smoking and alcoholic risk consumption) and food intake (protective foods and risk of MS). MS was assessed at the discretion of the National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). Data analysis was performed using Stata ® version 8.0, performing the Pearson´s chi-square test, Fisher´s chi-square test, Student´s T Test, Mann Whitney´s Test and Poisson´s regression for the association tests. The prevalence of MS in this sample was 58.65% (CI 49.8 to 67.1) and 60.5% (CI 49.1 to 71.2) for women and 55.7% (CI 41.3 - 69.5) for men. Hypertension was the most prevalent component of MS for men - 80.8% (CI 64.5 to 90.4) and women - 85.2% (CI 75.5 to 92.1). After multivariate analysis, only the excess weight as measured by BMI (p <0.01) remained associated with MS. The prevalence of MS in this sample was high, indicating the need for systematic action of health professionals, particularly nutritionists, the control of risk factors and the need for studies to substantiate nutritional intervention strategies.Item Percepções sobre risco na sanidade dos alimentos por manipuladoras da alimentação escolar(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-15) MACHADO, Maria Grossi; CAMPOS, Maria Raquel Hidalgo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9910969694141110; MONEGO, Estelamaris Tronco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0917323812776538INTRODUCTION: Risk perception, ranging from an uncertain opinion to a firm belief, is the ability based on previous experience to interpret a situation of potential harm to health or life, The analysis of health risk, understood as the likelihood of an adverse event or health-related threats as well as the perception of this risk, in school food can be the starting point for proposing changes that involve the knowledge, skills and attitudes of school food handlers. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze school food handlers perceptions of food health risk. METHODOLOGY: A qualitative exploratory descriptive study, focus-group based. Data were studied using content analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: From the themes which arose it became apparent that the group carries out inappropriate actions during the meal preparation process, highlighting a weak perception of student health risk. Students, teaching staff and administrators contribute to this risk, and are perceived as determinants of the final product: the meal. We also identified a perception that the food handler s job is undervalued, as well as ignorance on the part of the nutritionist about the peculiarities of school life, which translates into training that is out of touch with reality. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: We conclude that it is necessary to modify the training model for these workers to positively affect risk perception, and to mobilize the school community in the collective search for safe and healthy food at school.Item Eficácia da implantação das boas práticas de preparação na qualidade microbiológica de dietas enterais de um hospital público(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-25) ALBUQUERQUE, Marinez Ferreira Barbosa; CAMPOS, Maria Raquel Hidalgo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9910969694141110Poor hygienic sanitary conditions in the processing of enteral diets constitutes in risks of microbial contamination, and may involve complications in patients with enteral nutrition, ranging from infections digestive up to systemic infections. For this reason is important its microbiological control, whereas individuals to whom they are intended, are more susceptible to infections. Thus, this study aimed to compare the hygienic conditions of enteral diets before and after the implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices in a public hospital in Brazil. The study was developed in the Enteral Diet Unit of the Goiânia Emergency Hospital in three stages. In stage 1 before the implantation of good practices, carried out between November and December of 2008, was diagnosed the preparation conditions of the enteral diets by systematic observation of the conduct adopted by food handlers. Was applied the check list proposed by Resolution RDC nº 63 of Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária/Brazil and realized microbiological analyzes of 40 samples of each element investigated: filtered water, powdered diet, reconstituted enteral diet and food handler s hand and nasal cavity culture. The good practices were implemented in phase 2, between January and June 2009, by educational training through the Maguerez Arch technical, development of Good Manufacturing Practices Handbook and by structural changes in the Enteral Diet Unit. In stage 3, between September and November 2009, was applied again the check list and repeated all microbiological analyzes carried out in the first phase, in addition the reconstituted enteral diets were analyzed at ambient temperature at Time 0 (preparation) and 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after preparation. Both in stage 1 and 3, viable aerobic mesophilic microorganisms, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, coagulase-positive staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated. The results were compared with standards established by the Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Legislation. Were used the software SPSS version 17.0 and STATA version 8.0 for statistical analysis and applied the McNemar test and Fisher exact test. The implementation of good practices significantly increased conformity to checklist items from 50.8% to 78.8% (p<0.001) and reduced the prevalence of contamination in the reconstituted enteral diet from 40.0% to 15.0% (p=0.031). The enteral diet could be considered safe after up to four hours at room temperature because asceptic preparation techniques were strictly followed. A significant reduction in the presence of Escherichia coli in the food handler s nasal cavity was detected (p=0.021). Conclusion: The implementation of good manufacturing practices contributed to the improvement of the enteral diet s hygienic sanitary conditions. Continued training is recommended to improve the food handlers competenciesItem Alimentação Saudável na Escola: Uma Construção Coletiva?(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-25) CAMOZZI, Aída Bruna Quilici; MENEZES, Ida Helena Carvalho Francescantonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8722459243487573; MONEGO, Estelamaris Tronco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0917323812776538Changes in the contemporary eating pattern are closely related with the increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, reason why national and international policies focus on this problem. School is taken as a priviledged space for health and healthy eating promotion, since as it should contribute to the development of a critical thinking, autonomous citizen, it should also favour the adoption of healthy lifestyles. However, there are little known initiatives with such purpose, so that lapses between legal dispositions and observed experience are identified. The objective of this study was to analyze healthy eating perception as well as healthy eating promotional acts carried in the school community, to describe facilitating and hindering factors in their implementation, and to comprehend how healthy eating promotion policies are executed in such social space. It is a descriptive-exploratory study with qualitative approach using focal groups, which interpretation was done according to the thematic content analysis. Research was carried in six elementary grade schools appointed by Goiânia's municipal education bureau, of which principals and coordinators comprised the management group, and pofessors, food manipulators and school council representatives comprised the doers group. Data analysis has evidenced a biologist view of healthy eating, as well as a welfare comprehension of the role of eating at school. Healthy eating promotion activities were limited to classroom approach by teachers and to dispersed activities aimed at increasing meals' acceptability. Were cited as healthy eating promotion facilitating factors the teachers' compromise and coordinators' involvement with the subject, the variety of food genres and hygienic preparation of school meals, the interface between health and education, and the role of students in retransmitting the knowledge to the family. Hindering factors were the limited availability of educational material, teachers' inadequate training for approaching the subject, lack of food manipulators' training, menu and infrastructure inadequacy, lousy parental interaction in the process and the conflict between healthy food and tasty food. Conclusion is that healthy eating promotion policies were not adequately inserted in the school environment, which imply the need of involving the whole school community in a collective pedagogical project that allows the transverse inclusion of the subject in the school curriculum. As such, it is suggested that teachers and food manipulators' training should contemplate active methodologies and their participation in the process, and that meals offered should be compatible with eating habits and with the sociocultural background of those involved. Finally, are accounted as pertinent the revaluation of proposed practices related to health pomotion projects,a greater intersectorial integration and the increasing of awareness of all involved, so to secure adequate and healthy eating at school.Item Fatores de risco e de proteção para câncer de mama: revisão sistemática e estudo caso-controle(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-28) INUMARU, Lívia Emi; SILVEIRA, Erika Aparecida da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3801865783333828; NAVES, Maria Margareth Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6563181057140270Breast cancer is an important health concern, being the neoplasm that most affects women. The aims of this study were to elaborate a systematic review on risk and protective factors for breast cancer, and to investigate these factors in women who received health care in two public hospitals of Goiânia, Goiás. In the systematic review, we surveyed the following variables: breastfeeding, physical activity, body composition and alcoholic drink consumption. In the first half of 2010, we performed a review on cohort and case-control studies corresponding to the years 2007 to 2010, through PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo databases. The analytical study was a case-control of outpatient basis. Cases were interviewed at Araújo Jorge Hospital (public hospital of Goiânia specialized in cancer) and at the breast service of Clinical Hospital from Federal University of Goiás (HC/UFG), and controls were selected among users of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic at the HC/UFG. Investigated variables included: socioeconomic data, family history of cancer, hormonal variables, breastfeeding, anthropometric measures, alcoholic drink consumption, physical activity and smoking habit. Data were analyzed through Statistical Software for Professional, version 8.0. According to the systematic review, breastfeeding and physical activity are important protective factors for breast cancer, while alcoholic drink consumption is considered a risk factor. The increase of anthropometric measures was positively associated with postmenopausal breast cancer, except for body fatness, whose evidences are still contradictory in both premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer. In case-control study, we collected data from 279 women (93 cases ad 186 controls). Per capita income, area of residence, family history of breast cancer and physical activity were associated with breast cancer. Per capita income equal to or lower than ½ Brazilian minimum wage (OR= 1.88; 95%CI= 1.06-3.29), residence in rural area (OR= 4.93; 95%CI= 1.65-14.73) and presence of family history of breast cancer (OR= 5.38; 95%CI= 1.46-19.93) were considered risk factors for breast neoplasm in the present sample. Active women were at lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to sedentary women (OR= 0.23; CI= 0.10-0.55), and that ones who had practiced leisure physical activity at young age (20 years-old) were less likely to develop the disease, compared to who had ever practiced (OR= 0.13; CI= 0.03-0.54). Through the systematic review, it is possible to conclude that the best way of preventing breast cancer is to adopt a healthy lifestyle, including the practice of breastfeeding and physical activity, the control of alcoholic drink consumption and the maintenance of an adequate body weight. According to case-control study, we can conclude that having low per capita income, living in rural area and having family history of breast cancer are risk factors for breast cancer, and practicing physical activity is a protective factor for the disease.Item Qualidade de granola elaborada com passas de caju-do-cerrado e amêndoa de baru(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-29) SOUZA, Priscila Laís Coelho de; SILVA, Mara Reis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1918901292419167The rational use of fruit species from Cerrado and the research about their nutritional potential are important to the socioeconomic development of the native regions from this ecosystem. The use of baru almond and caju-do-cerrado in healthier foods like granola encourages the inclusion of healthy regional foods into the diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and nutritional characteristics, microbiological quality, acceptability and stability of granola made with dried caju-do-cerrado and baru almonds. The caju-do-cerrado was subjected to osmotic dehydration and drying at 65 °C for 6 hours to obtain dried fruits. Granolas were prepared with 5%, 10% and 15% dried cajudo- cerrado and 10% of baru almonds, replacing the black raisins, cashew nuts and Brazil nuts of the control granola. The granolas were submitted to microbiological analysis and acceptance in laboratory. The most acceptable granola was evaluated by its proximate composition, minerals (calcium, iron, zinc, sodium, magnesium, potassium and phosphorus), water activity and texture, during 100 days of storage. The microbiological conditions of granolas were in accordance to the law. The granola with 10% dried caju-do-cerrado obtained the highest acceptance. Moreover, it had higher protein content (11.74 g/100 g), dietary fiber (11.53 g/100 g) and iron (3.21 mg/100 g), and lower concentrations of moisture (5.70 g/100 g), water activity (0.31), sodium (57.77 mg/100 g), lipids (15.02 g/100 g), total sugar (33.09 g/100 g) and total energy value (395.22 kcal/100 g) compared to control. During 100 days of storage, the granola with 10% dried caju-do-cerrado was considered acceptable to 85.54 to 95.24% of the consumers, and kept the crunchy texture even with changes of moisture and water activity. The high nutritional potential of granola with Cerrado fruits and its stability may encourage consumption of native fruits and deal with the growing demand for healthier and more-natural foods.Item Qualidade Higiênico-Sanitária da Alimentação Oferecida em Escolas Públicas do Estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-31) GOMES, Nair Augusta de Araújo Almeida; MONEGO, Estelamaris Tronco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0917323812776538; CAMPOS, Maria Raquel Hidalgo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9910969694141110The National School Feeding Program (PNAE) is an opportunity for the government to consolidate food safety and nutrition. Such program is carried out by offering all students from Brazilian public and philanthropic schools at least a meal daily. Several studies have demonstrated that the sanitary quality of the school meals is not in accordance with the requirements of the Brazilian sanitary legislation, which could affect the food safety and therefore favor the occurrence of food-borne diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the hygienic quality of the meals served in public schools of the state of Goiás, Brazil, and compare the results with the diagnosis phase of the research conducted from 2004 to 2007. This is an observational analytical study carried out in the state of Goiás, Brazil, in 18 school food services located in the capital city, Goiânia, and in 13 surrounding municipalities, in May and June 2010. The food services were evaluated using a check list following the recommendations of the Resolution RDC no. 216/2004 of the National Agency of Sanitary Surveillance (ANVISA). Also, samples of the school meals served in these institutions were collected for microbiological analysis performed according to the methodology of the American Public Health Association, 2001. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 17.0). The schools assessed partially complied with the legal requirements, since the inadequacies of the evaluated items were present in 44.9% of them in the diagnosis phase (2004 to 2007) and in 37.1% of them in the monitoring phase (2010), which could endanger the health of the students attended. The highest rates of non-compliance observed refer to personal hygiene of food handlers and building conditions. The following items assessed presented statistically significant results: absence of skin disorders and infections, participation in training programs, proper hygienic habits, proper water tanks hygiene and cleanliness, and proper destination of other wastes produced. No food analyzed presented inadequacies according to the microbiological standards established by the health legislation. Therefore, it is assumed that the heat treatment used and the short time between food preparation and distribution contributed to these results. This study evidenced the need for periodical training programs and continuous supervision carried out by nutritionists, as well as remodeling and improving the physical structure of school food services as a strategy to promote and ensure the students right to adequate and safe food.Item Obesidade grave:perfil de pacientes e avaliação da efetividade de um protocolo de tratamento nutricional(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-31) RODRIGUES, Ana Paula dos Santos; SILVEIRA, Erika Aparecida da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3801865783333828Objective: To evaluate the profile of patients with severe obesity and effectiveness of a treatment protocol developed for nutritional care of these patients in referral hospital in Goiânia-GO. Methods: Data were collected from 79 patients treated between October 2007 and October 2009. Were excluded 26 patients in the nutritional intervention, the other 53 obese grade II and III were divided into intervention group A (IA) (n = 26), without use of anti-obesity drug, and intervention group B (IB) (n = 27), using anti-obesity drup, and followed by nine consultations. Results: Average body mass index was 48,3 ± 6,9 kg/m2. Prevailed women (91,1%), age group of 30 to 49 years (60,7%), 49.3% studied over nine years, over 75,0% had family income lower than one minimum wage. Most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension (58,2%) and dyslipidemias (55,7%), 70,9% were sedentary, 50.0% had binge eating disorder (BED). We found a low consumption of dairy products, fruits and vegetable B and high consumption of sugar and soft drinks. Age and hypertension were associated with higher education (≥ 9 years). Family income per capita (3rd and 4th quartiles) was associated with the onset of weight gain, daily consumption of vegetable A and daily consumption of sweets, while prior use of anti-obesity drugs was associated with low family incomes (1st and 2nd quartiles). The nutritional intervention resulted in significant reduction in weight and BMI for both groups. Comparing the average weight for each consultation, IA values were lower than IB in the last three visits. There was a qualitative improvement in food consumption. IB group showed adherence to physical activity. Conclusions: It was noted worrying and inadequate health and nutritional conditions and inadequate, with income and education associated with some of these conditions in severe obesity. The nutritional treatment protocol was effective in reducing weight and BMI, promoted improvement in the dietary pattern of patients and improved practice of physical activity for IB.Item Avaliação da implantação do currículo de Nutrição da Universidade Federal de Goiás na visão docente(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-04-01) BUENO, Caroline Damásio; COSTA, Nilce Maria da Silva Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6977373149115047The Federal University of Goiás estabilished in 2009 a new curriculum for nutrition graduation, supporte by the National Curriculum Guidelines for undergraduate courses in Nutrition and the Reorientation National Program in Health Professional Formation. Study conducted to objective was to identify the perceptions of nutritions professors of implantation the new curriculum, by means on qualitative approach. Data were collected from the interview semi-estructured with 12 professors and were analyzed from the thematic content analysis. The study revealed most professors did not clear knowledge of curriculum. The potentialities were: early insertion of students into scenarios for practical since their first year of graduation, active teaching-learning methodologies and insertion of contents on the work world. The limits were: change of students admitted in undergraduate course, inadequate infrastructure of institution education and health services, overload activities, commitment teaching and insecurity with curriculum reformation. Among the strategies of teaching and learning were cited the expository class and the dialogue-based lecture, the seminar, the text study and the problem-solving. The curriculum reform generated a change in strategy with the introduction of active teaching-learning methodologies and case study in a discipline to integrate the basic cycle-professional. Were considered fragilities, the lack pedagogical training of teachers and resistance from students and teachers of active teaching-learning methodologies. The study revealed that that curriculum reformulation has advanced attending to the curricular guidelines and principles for reorientation in health professional formation. Involves administrative, physical and human being factors. More discussion and reflection were indicates that become reality. The study reveal to the requirement for institutional development of teachers in teaching to improve teaching quality. Support to base, enhance and socialize experiences and stimulate news curriculum research.Item Qualidade nutricional e valor protéico das amêndoas de baru, de pequi e da castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado em relação ao amendoim(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-04-01) SOUSA, Amanda Goulart de Oliveira; NAVES, Maria Margareth Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6563181057140270The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional quality and protein value of the baru almond, pequi almond, and cerrado cashew nut, native fruits from the Brazilian Savanna, compared to the peanut. Standardized methods were used to determine centesimal composition, amino acid profile, fatty acids and mineral content. The experiment was carried out with 42 male weanling Wistar rats. The animals were randomly assigned into seven groups. The experiment lasted fourteen days. The diets were formulated according to AIN-93G, six diets with 10% protein: CAS7 (7% lipid casein), CAS15 (15% lipid casein), AMB (baru almond), AMP (pequi almond), CJC (cerrado cashew nut), AMD (peanut) and a protein-free diet. A biological assay was carried out to assess the protein value, by Net Protein Ratio (NPR), Relative Net Protein Ratio (RNPR), and Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) methods. We found that the exotic almonds and the nut are rich in proteins (22.7 29.9 g/100 g), lipids (41.9 50.0 g/100 g), fibres (baru and pequi almonds, around 10.0 g/100 g), iron and zinc (4.3 7.4 mg/100 g). Baru almond s protein did not show deficiency in essential amino acids and lysine was the first limiting amino acid in the proteins of the pequi almond and cerrado cashew nut. The baru almond showed a RNPR of 86%, similar to that of the cerrado cashew nut (78%), but higher than that of the peanut (72%) and of the pequi almond (54%). The PDCAAS value of the baru almond (91%) was the highest and cerrado cashew nut and peanut presented similar values of this index (82%), which were higher than that of the pequi almond (55%). The baru almond has the highest protein quality, but the cerrado cashew nut and peanut are sources of good quality protein, too. We recommend the inclusion of these exotic foods in healthy diets and in food industry, and the baru almond and cerrado cashew nut as sources of complementary protein.Item Composição Mineral e Capacidade Antioxidante de Citros Cultivados em Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-04-04) BARROS, Helena Rudge de Moraes; FERREIRA, Tânia Aparecida Pinto de Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0312123979235562Fruits provide not only essential nutrients for the functioning of human life systems; but also bioactive compounds that reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases. This protective effect has been attributed to antioxidant properties performed by bioactive compounds, which citrus fruits are important sources, such as ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and also of some minerals. Brazil is one of the major citrus producers, and about 90% of this production is destined for the juice production, with a large production of waste that could be reused. Thus, aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the mineral composition, content of total phenolics, ascorbic acid content and antioxidant capacity of skin and pulp of five citrus varieties cultivated in Goiás. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey test (p <0.05) for comparison of means. In general, the peels showed higher levels of all compounds tested, with the exception of ascorbic acid in the orange pera pulp had the highest content of acid lime peel and Tahiti had the lowest content. Citrus showed high levels of potassium, calcium and magnesium, and the peels considered "sources" of these minerals. Concentrations of trace elements also were found, cofactors of antioxidant enzymes. The phenolic compounds of peels were from 2.5 to 4 times higher than the pulps, especially the orange peel lime. As for antioxidant capacity, tangerine peel Ponkã showed the best results. Citrus fruits are from a variety of bioactive compounds and the shells can be exploited to produce functional foods or replacing the use of synthetic antioxidants.Item Avaliação higiênico-sanitária das Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição de hospitais estaduais de Goiânia e região metropolitana, Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-04-05) SANTOS, Pabline Chediak Spini; CAMPOS, Maria Raquel Hidalgo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9910969694141110; ASSIS, Elaine Meire de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1790847930722830The guarantee of adequate nutrition is a right that must be provided to all Brazilians, and in a hospital environment this is no different. Thinking about this, the This work aimed to assess the hygienic and sanitary conditions of the food services from four state hospitals in Goiânia and its metropolitan area, Goiás. Thus, there was a diagnosis of physical and functional conditions of these establishments and microbiological quality of food produced by themselves. Data were collected between the months of September of 2009 and March of 2010. The physico-functional conditions were identified using a check-list, pre-tested, prepared according to the Brazilian legislation. To proceed the microbiological analysis were collected samples from six or seven preparations, according to the day‟s menu in three random visits on different days, totaling 74 samples, of the standard oral meal offered in lunch at each hospital. As for the physical-functional, three of the establishments were classified as "Approved", reaching the attendance of more than 76% compliance of the evaluated items, and one was classified as "Not Approved". Regarding microbiological analysis, in each one of the hospitals studied was found at least one contaminated sample. From a total of 74 preparations examined, 13.5% were contaminated by at least one microorganism over the limit set by law. In two samples was the presence of more than one sort of bacteria. Although only one of the food services from the hospitals surveyed has been classified as " Not Approved" in all of them were detected nonconformities in many aspects as in the building, premises, conservation of the areas of foreign and domestic establishments in addition to the inefficient control of food quality during their processing. All these non-conformities found in both the physical and functional aspects contribute to the finding of contamination by pathogenic microorganisms in food in every hospitals surveyed what constitutes a potential risk to the clientele of these hospitals in the public health system.Item Efeito da banana da Terra verde e do albedo do maracujá sobre o perfil lipídico de ratos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-04-07) BARBOSA, Eloiza Helena Carrijo; NAVES, Maria Margareth Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6563181057140270; ASQUIERI, Eduardo Ramirez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0488056148950480Were prepared meal green plantain and albedo of passion for the development of this work. After determining the chemical composition of the meal there was a biological test aimed to evaluate the effects of soluble fiber present in the flour of passion fruit albedo and resistant starch of the flour of green plantain, and the mixture of the meal on the levels lipid levels of hypercholesterolemic rats. For testing we used 40 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of eight rats each. Four supplemented diets were prepared with high concentration of soluble fiber and resistant starch from the flour of passion fruit peel and green plantain respectively and a standard diet. The experimental groups were divided into Banana - 10% of resistant starch and 5% cellulose, Passion Fruit - 10% soluble fiber and 5% cellulose, Mix - 5% resistant starch, 5% cellulose and 5% soluble fiber , Cellulose - 15% cellulose and Standard. The Banana group had a lower intake of diet if differing from other groups. The fecal weight was higher in groups Passion Fruit, pulp and mix. The results show the potential beneficial effect of soluble fiber intake in the control of hypercholesterolemia and soluble and insoluble fiber on intestinal transit. Resistant starch from the green plantain results were not significant on the serum lipid profile of rats. It follows therefore that the albedo of the flour mixture of flour and passion of passion with the albedo of green plantain modulated so as to reduce the serum lipid profile in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet, this was probably due to the presence Soluble fiber in both diets since the isolation of the diet that contained only resistant starch from the flour of green plantain not influence significantly the lipid profile of rats.Item Efeito da farinha da batata yacon (Smallanthus Sonchifolius) sobre o perfil glicêmico de ratos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-04-08) ROSA, Lorena Pereira de Souza; SILVA, Maria Sebastiana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1329422634395496; ASQUIERI, Eduardo Ramirez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0488056148950480The morbidity and mortality profile of the Brazilian population has changed recently in light of the increasing prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Of particular importance among these diseases is diabetes, a multiple-etiology disease characterized by insulin deficiency or decreased insulin production, or both. A major treatment goal is glycemic control, which requires medications that are expensive and have side effects. As a result, the demand for functional foods to complement this treatment is increasing. Among these foods is the yacon potato. To confirm its antidiabetic activity, glycemic profile studies in animals and humans have been carried out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of yacon potato (Smallanthus sonchifolius) flour on glycemic control in nondiabetic rats and rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Flour was prepared from vacon potato pulp and later a biological assay was carried out. Yacon potato flour was able to lower mean glycemia in diabetic rats, which can be explained by the FOS reserve. Animals treated with a FOS diet also had reduced blood glucose levels, confirming the ability of these fructans to control glycemia. The diabetes mellitus induction methodology proved effective, which validated the induction protocol developed. These results suggest that long-term studies with the diabetes model can best be assessed in relation to glycemic control, since there was better control starting in the third week of experiment.Item Efeito da ação educativa sobre o conhecimento da doença e o controle metabólico de pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-04-29) PEREIRA, Dalma Alves; SOUSA, Ana Luiza Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6578713509935374; COSTA, Nilce Maria da Silva Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6977373149115047INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important non-communicable chronic disease with high prevalence and high costs to society. The long-term consequences of DM arise from microvascular and macrovascular changes that lead to damage to and failure of various organs. Type 2 DM accounts for 90-95% of cases of all types of the disease. Health education is one of the strategies recommended to help decrease the high complication rate in people with DM. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of educational intervention on knowledge about diabetes and control parameters for disease control in hypertensive type 2 diabetics. METHODS: We conducted a controlled clinical trial at the Arterial Hypertension League outpatient clinic of the Federal University of Goiás (AHL / UFG). This study evaluated non-insulin-dependent DM2 patients of both sexes. The sample consisted of 76 diabetic hypertensive patients, divided into intervention (IG = 38) and control (CG = 38) groups. The IG patients underwent an educational intervention with a problem-based approach in the period from April to October 2010; the CG did not receive this intervention. All continued treatment at the LHA, with routine visits scheduled every three months. Data were collected through individual nursing consultations held with the IG and CG and educational activities carried out with the IG. The study was divided into three periods: T1 (baseline), T2 (after three months of study), and T3 (end of study). At T1 and T3, the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire was administered to both groups and the control parameters of weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were continuously evaluated. For statistical analysis, the Student t-test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and chi-square were used. The relationships between the variables studied were examined by Pearson correlation. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program. P values <0.05 were considered significant. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the UFG Clinica Hospital. RESULTS: The study included 62 type 2 diabetic patients divided into the intervention group (IG = 28) and control group (CG = 34). IG and CG were initially similar regarding gender, age, education, knowledge about the disease and control parameters. At T3 the IG demonstrated a significant increase in knowledge of all matters tested when compared to the CG. There was a greater reduction in MAP, WC and HbA1c in the IG (p <0.05). In intragroup analysis, only the IG showed a significant reduction in all the control parameters when the different study time points were compared. (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: The problem-based educational intervention contributed to improved knowledge of diabetes and this was reflected in an effective metabolic control of the disease. It should be noted that the longer the intervention, the better the outcomes.Item Suplementação de ácidos graxos ômega 3 e estado nutricional de pacientes com câncer gastrointestinal(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-06-30) MARQUES, Débora Caldas; STRINGHINI, Maria Luiza Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3705544548242014; FORNÉS, Nélida Schmid; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0630711826568302Introduction: Cancer cachexia is characterized by weight loss, immunosuppression, and is associated with a worse prognosis and quality of life. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ω-3 supplementation on nutritional and functional status and quality of life of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methodology: The placebo group (n = 10) received 7 caps containing 1000 mg soya oil, and the supplement group (n = 11) received 7 caps of 1000 mg fish and flaxseed oil, containing 214.3 mg of EPA and 113.5 mg of DHA, daily, for 14 days. Were assessed weight, body composition, inflammatory and immunological markers, functional status and quality of life. Results: The average weight variation of P group before and after treatment was -0.44 ± 2.7 kg and for S group was 0.07 ± 1.4 kg, with no significant differences. The average BMI of the sample was 20.5 ± 3.4 kg/m2. Significant reduction of serum total protein (p=0.005) and albumin (p=0.011) for the P group, increased levels of CRP (p=0.005), and reduction of TLC (p=0.037). An increase of serum transferrin of S group (p=0.010) and reduced levels of CRP (p=0.033) and cortisolemia (p=0.006). It was found to increase KPS (p=0.020) in group S. No differences were found for functional status, symptoms and global health. Conclusions: This study found results that support the supplementation of ω-3 in oncology. However, further investigations are necessary involvement ω-3 associated to other therapeutic strategies.Item Eficácia alimentar e qualidade proteica de misturas de caseína com gelatina em dietas com baixos teores de proteína(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-02-03) BORDIN, Cláudia Cantelli Daud; NAVES, Maria Margareth Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6563181057140270Gelatin is widely used in human feed, but has limited protein value. The composition in essential amino acids is quite atypical, since the levels of all the amino acids are below the benchmark of Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences of USA (FNB/IOM), with the aggravating not contain tryptophan in its composition. This study evaluated the effectiveness of food and the quality of protein mixtures of casein with gelatin (4:1 protein-based), in diets with low protein levels. An experimental study on animal model using 36 wealing male Wistar rats (21 to 23 days of age), divided into six groups of six animals each. The following were fed with diets: C10: 10% protein (casein); C8G2: 10% protein (8% casein; 2% gelatin); C12.5: 12.5% protein (casein); C10G2.5: 12.5% protein (10% casein; 2.5% gelatin); G10: 10% protein (gelatin); AP: protein-free. The duration of the experiment was 28 days for groups C10; C8G2; C12.5 e C10G2.5 and 14 days for groups G10 e AP. The effectiveness of food diets containing mixing casein:gelatin was influenced by the gelatin, according to the Food Conversion Ratio to protein level of 10% (C10 = 3.35 ± 0.19 versus C8G2 = 3.91 ± 0.34) and in supplementation with gelatin (C10 = 3.35 ± 0.19 versus C10G2.5 = 3.86 ± 0.32). The protein effectiveness was reduced in the protein level of 10% (C10 = 2.90 ± 0.17 versus C8G2 = 2.41 ± 0.22), in protein level of 12.5% (C12.5 = 2.32 ± 0.19 versus C10G2.5 = 2.03 ± 0.16) and supplementation with gelatin (C10 = 2.90 ± 0.17 versus C10G2.5 = 2.03 ± 0.16) according PER (Protein Efficiency Ratio). The animals that consumed gelatin (G10) had similar weight loss to the protein-free group. Gelatin in mixtures of casein with gelatin (4:1 protein-based), in diets with low protein content, reduces the effectiveness of food protein of casein.Item Extrato aquoso de yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) desidratado por atomização(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-02-16) NISHI, Adriana Candida Faustino; CONCEIÇÃO, Edemilson Cardoso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7193007113950510; ASQUIERI, Eduardo Ramirez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0488056148950480Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is a tuberous root native to the Andean region, considered a functional food due to the presence of bioactive components that contribute to the balance of the intestinal microbiota. To incorporate these compounds into the diet of the population, the development of dry extract standardized as fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and phenolic compounds (CF) was proposed, using the spray drying technique. To obtain yacon dry extracts, roots were characterized, and subsequently, an aqueous extract was prepared through the grinding and filtering technique. Then, a study on the drying process was conducted in order to assess the effects of the addition of different adjuvants (aerosil, maltodextrin and pregelatinized starch) on the final concentration of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and phenolic compounds (PC) in the dry matter. The study was based on twolevel factorial design with three focal points, using adjuvant concentration (20, 50% w / w) and feeding flow rate (2, 6 mL / min) as factors. The best combination of the drying parameters was determined by considering the effects of independent variables (adjuvant concentration and feeding flow rate) on the FOS and PC contents in the dry extracts. In the root characterization, the following contents on a dry basis were found: moisture 9.29 ± 0.085; ash 3.33 ± 0.07, protein 4.29 ± 0.173, lipids 0.80 ± 0.0359, total carbohydrates 81.49 ± 4.18, total fructose 56.47 ± 0.97, reducing sugars 24.05 ± 0.13 and FOS 32.43 ± 0.971. The fresh aqueous extract showed FOS 33.47 (% w / w) and PC 0.44 (% w / w) with better antioxidant activity compared to BHT (2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol). The aqueous extract concentrated in a rotary evaporator showed density 1.04 ± 0.002, viscosity 4.34 ± 0.056, and total solids 10.67 ± 0.051. In general, the dried extracts obtained with aerosil, maltodextrin and pregelatinized starch showed FOS contents from 27.20 to 32.4, 24.25 to 31.3 and 23.54 to 35.64 (% w / w ), respectively, and PC from 0.267 to 0.320, 0.319 to 0.399 and 0.407 to 0.425 (% w / w), respectively. The statistical analysis for the three types of adjuvants and the effects of independent variables on the response variables (FOS and PC) showed that the dried extracts were influenced in different ways. Aerosil: Analysis of variance for the linear model showed that this model was not significant, F equal to 2.44 in the response FOS content. PC was influenced by X2, F 29.10 and r2 0.8534. Maltodextrin: The FOS content was influenced by X1, F 13, and r2 0.7222. PC was influenced by X2, F 9.70 and r2 0.6599. Pregelatinized starch: The linear model did not describe the experimental data for the FOS content. The surface response of the PC content in function of X1 and X2 showed a trend to increase the PC content by reducing the adjuvant concentration and increasing the feeding flow rate. Moisture content of less than 5% in all the extracts indicates that the configuration of the equipment variables was correctly set. The yield was affected by constraints of the technique to extracts rich in sugars and with low molecular weight, ranging from 10 to 55%, which lowest results were found for extracts dried with starch. The images of the microstructure of extracts dried with aerosil resulted in spherical particles with diameter between 0.5 and 1.0 μm, while maintaining the appearance of fine and loose powder. Extracts dried with maltodextrin and pregelatinized starch tended to form clusters.Item Força de aperto de mão e estado nutricional de pacientes em hemodiálise(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-02) CAMPOS, Marta Isabel Valente Augusto Moraes; PEREIRA, Edna Regina Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4503589425013098; PEIXOTO, Maria do Rosário Gondim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6813295858384008BACKGROUND: Protein energy wasting commonly occur in patients with chronic kidney disease. Changes in muscle function arise even before changes in anthropometric and biochemical parameters.Thus, a method for evaluating muscle function and strength becomes essential for these patients. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the handgrip strength (HGS) and its association with nutritional status of patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted between May and July/2011. The sample included 90 patients, 48.8% male and 51.2% female. The HGS was performed three times with a hydraulic hand dynamometer (Takei) in the arm without fistula. For each patient were considered the best strength measure. Values lower than percentile 10 were considered as low HGS. The nutritional status diagnosis was given by Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). RESULTS: The average age was 52 ± 14.7 years. The hypertensive nephrosclerosis was the most frequent cause of chronic kidney disease (31.1%). The average HGS was among 32.0 ± 8.7kgf in men and 20.7 ± 6.1kgf in women (p<0.001). 11.3% of men and 21.7% of woman were classified as moderatey malnourished by SGA, 31.8% and 34.8% of men and women, respectively, were classified with low muscle function. Low HGS was associated with time on hemodialysis for men and showed good sensitivity (73.3%) and specificity (74.7%) for malnutrition diagnosis. In multiple logistic regression analysis, low-power handgrip strength prevalence was two times higher (PR =2.00, 95% CI: 1.19 to 3.34) for patients classified as moderate malnourished by SGA. CONCLUSION: This study showed high prevalence of low muscle function and good association between HGS and SGA in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis classified by dynamometry. It is suggested that HGS, an inexpensive and noninvasive measurement, can be used in clinical practice as a screening tool of nutritional status. It is sensitive for malnutrition diagnosis.Item Contagem de carboidratos e perfil metabólico de adolescentes com diabetes melito tipo 1 atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas/UFG, Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-05-10) ALBUQUERQUE, Izabela Zibetti de; STRINGHINI, Maria Luiza Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3705544548242014; CAMPOS, Maria Raquel Hidalgo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9910969694141110Objective: The aim of the study was evaluated the effect of carbohydrate counting, for four months, on anthropometric parameters, body composition, biochemical and food intake in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Clinical trial, controlled and randomized study at the Clinic of Endocrinology, Hospital das Clinicas, Federal University of Goiás, with 28 patients divided into intervention group (IG - carbohydrate counting) and control (CG - no counting carbs) and monitored fortnightly. At the beginning and end of the study data were collected on: anthropometric (weight, height and waist circumference), body composition (skinfold thickness and subscapular), biochemical (fasting glucose - FPG, postprandial glucose - GPP, glycated hemoglobin - A1C, total cholesterol - TC, triglycerides - TG, high density lipoprotein - HDL-c and low density lipoprotein - LDL-c) and, fortnightly, 24-hour recalls. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical package SPSS version 18.0. For categorical variables used the chi-square and Fisher exact test. Shapiro-Wilk test to assess the normality of continuous variables, paired t test or Wilcoxon test for intragroup analysis, and Student's t test or Mann-Whitney test for intergroup analysis. The significance level was 5%. Results: The CG increased A1C (p=0.024) and both groups decreased energy intake (CG: p=0.005; IG: p=0.002). IG decreased A1C (p=0.002), but increased the CT (p=0.009) and LDL-c (p=0.012). This group also increased the caloric intake of carbohydrates (p=0.005) and decreased caloric intake of fat (p=0.002). There were a decreased in FPG and A1C (p=0.033 and p<0.001, respectively) in IG and increased CT and LDL-c (p=0.004 and p=0.019, respectively). The mean capillary glucose pre-and post-prandial were not affected between groups (p>0.005), although the oscillation glucose was lower in IG. Conclusion: Carbohydrate counting resulted in improved glycemic control and glucose concentrations more constant. However, this practice was associated with increased CT and LDL-c. Patients who have applied this strategy increased the caloric intake of carbohydrates and decreased consumption of fat.